Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bastian Gaus, Dennis Bruening, Sofie Gross, Michael Mueller, Ingo Rustenbeck
Summary: Before the development of TIRF microscopy, the fate of insulin granules before secretion was inferred through biochemical investigations, electron microscopy, and electrophysiological measurements. The application of TIRF microscopy allowed for a better understanding of insulin granule dynamics in pancreatic beta cells, revealing the relationship between granule fusion and binding to the plasma membrane and cortical actin web. This highlighted the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of submembrane granules in contributing to the metabolic memory of beta cells.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Licia Anna Pugliese, Valentina De Lorenzi, Mario Bernardi, Samuele Ghignoli, Marta Tesi, Piero Marchetti, Luca Pesce, Francesco Cardarelli
Summary: Pro-inflammatory cytokines play a role in beta-cell dysfunction in diabetes. This study used advanced microscopy techniques to observe changes in the subcellular environment of beta-cells exposed to cytokines. The findings show alterations in cell autofluorescence, mitochondrial morphology, insulin granules, and microtubules. These observations provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying beta-cell dysfunction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seiya Asai, Jana Moravcova, Lenka Zakova, Irena Selicharova, Romana Hadravova, Andrzej Marek Brzozowski, Jiri Novacek, Jiri Jiracek
Summary: We found two different rhomboidal crystal lattices in the insulin secretory granules, suggesting the existence of microcrystalline insulin forms, possibly consisting of 4Zn2+-hexamers of this hormone.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Fernanda Silva Tenorio, Luiz Eduardo Galvao Martins, Gloria Sthefany Pereira da Silva, Camila Bertini Martins, Ana Lucia Domingues Neves, Tatiana Sousa Cunha
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the methods used to assess the accuracy of insulin infusion pumps and compile the findings. It highlights the need for a standardized protocol to evaluate patch pumps.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Developmental Biology
Nataliya Ashukina, Valentyna Maltseva, Petro Vorontsov, Zinaida Danyshchuk, Olga Nikolchenko, Mykola Korzh
Summary: Insufficient bone regeneration is a common problem for patients with extensive bone damage. This study investigated the use of allografts in repairing bone defects in rats and found that allografts maintained the anatomic structure of the bone and increased the area of fibrous tissue, while empty defects resulted in slower bone regeneration and irregularities in the femur structure. Age did not have an impact on allograft remodeling or the structure of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts.
ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Peng Jiang, Lejiao Ren, Li Zhi, Zhong Yu, Fengxiang Lv, Fengli Xu, Wei Peng, Xiaoyu Bai, Kunlun Cheng, Li Quan, Xiuqin Zhang, Xianhua Wang, Yan Zhang, Dan Yang, Xinli Hu, Rui-Ping Xiao
Summary: High glucose suppresses AMPK signaling through MG53-mediated AMPK alpha degradation and deactivation, as well as ROS-dependent inhibition of AMPK alpha phosphorylation at T172. These findings elucidate the mechanism of impaired AMPK signaling in overnutrition-related diseases and underscore the importance of maintaining the yin-yang balance of AMPK signaling for metabolic homeostasis.
Article
Cell Biology
Dong Huang, Bolin Xu, Lu Liu, Lingzhi Wu, Yuangang Zhu, Alireza Ghanbarpour, Yawei Wang, Feng-Jung Chen, Jia Lyu, Yating Hu, Yunlu Kang, Wenjing Zhou, Xiao Wang, Wanqiu Ding, Xin Li, Zhaodi Jiang, Jizheng Chen, Xu Zhang, Hongwen Zhou, John Zhong Li, Chunguang Guo, Wen Zheng, Xiuqin Zhang, Peng Li, Thomas Melia, Karin Reinisch, Xiao-Wei Chen
Summary: This study revealed the role of TMEM41B in phospholipid shuttling process, highlighting its critical importance in maintaining ER function and lipid homeostasis.
Article
Cell Biology
Yulin Zhang, Chengsheng Han, Wenzhen Zhu, Guoyi Yang, Xiaohong Peng, Sohum Mehta, Jin Zhang, Liangyi Chen, Yanmei Liu
Summary: The study found that glucagon can enhance insulin secretion through beta-cell GCGR at physiological glucose concentrations, while high glucose bypasses GCGR to promote insulin secretion. In high-fat diet conditions, GCGR plays a more critical role than GLP-1R in maintaining glucose homeostasis.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jiawei Jiang, Qianrong Xie, Zhuo Cheng, Jianqiang Cai, Tian Xia, Hang Yang, Bo Yang, Hui Peng, Xuesong Bai, Mingque Yan, Xue Li, Jun Zhou, Xuan Huang, Liang Wang, Haiyan Long, Pingxi Wang, Yanpeng Chu, Fan-Wei Zeng, Xiuqin Zhang, Guangyu Wang, Fanxin Zeng
Summary: The study developed a deep convolutional neural network model for colonoscopy diagnosis, showing high accuracy and precision across multiple datasets, with potential applications in diagnosing adenomatous and hyperplastic polyps. The model demonstrated superior diagnostic performance and has the ability to assist clinicians in making efficient clinical decisions.
PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Shulin Li, Rui Yan, Jialu Xu, Shiqun Zhao, Xinyu Ma, Qiming Sun, Min Zhang, Ying Li, Jun-Jie Gogo Liu, Liangyi Chen, Sai Li, Ke Xu, Liang Ge
Summary: Under stress, the endomembrane system reorganizes to support autophagosome biogenesis by forming a new type of membrane contact between the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC) and the ER-exit site (ERES). This contact is established by the interaction between TMED9 and SEC12, generating a short distance opposition between the two compartments, which promotes the formation of the autophagosome precursor.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Weisong Zhao, Shiqun Zhao, Liuju Li, Xiaoshuai Huang, Shijia Xing, Yulin Zhang, Guohua Qiu, Zhenqian Han, Yingxu Shang, De-En Sun, Chunyan Shan, Runlong Wu, Lusheng Gu, Shuwen Zhang, Riwang Chen, Jian Xiao, Yanquan Mo, Jianyong Wang, Wei Ji, Xing Chen, Baoquan Ding, Yanmei Liu, Heng Mao, Bao-Liang Song, Jiubin Tan, Jian Liu, Haoyu Li, Liangyi Chen
Summary: Sparse structured illumination microscopy (Sparse-SIM) achieves nearly twofold resolution enhancement by utilizing sparse deconvolution algorithm, enabling the resolution of intricate biological structures such as small fusion pores, nuclear pores, and relative movements of inner and outer mitochondrial membranes.
NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tiangang Zhu, Ming Lei, Zhilong Wang, Rongli Zhang, Yan Zhang, Wenying Jin, Chao Yu, Christopher L. -H. Huang, Dongyue Liu, Wen Zheng, Yuli Liu, Xin Quan, Lingyun Kong, Siying Liang, Xiuqin Zhang
Summary: The study investigated mechanical dyssynchrony in right and left ventricles of various animals and human hearts, with healthy hearts showing positive interventricular mechanical delays and heart failure patients showing negative interventricular mechanical delays, with diastolic mechanical asynchrony negatively correlated with LVEF. These findings have potential clinical implications for personalized setting of parameter values in CRT for the effective treatment of heart failure.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jianyong Du, Lixia Zheng, Peng Gao, Hang Yang, Wan-Jie Yang, Fusheng Guo, Ruqi Liang, Mengying Feng, Zihao Wang, Zongwang Zhang, Linlu Bai, Ye Bu, Shijia Xing, Wen Zheng, Xuelian Wang, Li Quan, Xinli Hu, Haosen Wu, Zhixing Chen, Liangyi Chen, Ke Wei, Zhe Zhang, Xiaojun Zhu, Xiaolin Zhang, Qiang Tu, Shi-Min Zhao, Xiaoguang Lei, Jing-Wei Xiong
Summary: The study identifies a chemical cocktail of five small molecules that can promote adult cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration. It also reveals the potential targets and signaling pathways involved in the process, providing new therapeutic avenues for heart repair.
Article
Optics
Bo Zhou, Xiaoshuai Huang, Junchao Fan, Liangyi Chen
Summary: Structured illumination microscopy is a widely used microscopy technique with high temporal and spatial resolution imaging ability. However, the unique single-pixel-dependent readout noise of sCMOS cameras can cause artefacts in SIM reconstruction. To address this issue, we established a nonuniform sCMOS noise model and proposed a novel noise-corrected SIM reconstruction algorithm, which effectively suppresses artefacts and improves the signal-to-noise ratio.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Madhulika Tripathi, Brijesh Kumar Singh, Jin Zhou, Keziah Tikno, Anissa Widjaja, Reddemma Sandireddy, Kabilesh Arul, Siti Aishah Binte Abdul Ghani, George Goh Boon Bee, Kiraely Adam Wong, Ho Jia Pei, Shamini Guna Shekeran, Rohit Anthony Sinha, Manvendra K. Singh, Stuart Alexander Cook, Ayako Suzuki, Teegan Reina Lim, Chang-Chuen Cheah, Jue Wang, Rui-Ping Xiao, Xiuqing Zhang, Pierce Kah Hoe Chow, Paul Michael Yen
Summary: The study reveals that hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) through homocysteinylation of proteins, leading to autophagy blockage. Vitamin B-12 and folate may serve as a novel first-line therapy for NASH by reducing homocysteine levels and promoting autophagy, thus improving liver histology.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lihao Ge, Wonchul Shin, Gianvito Arpino, Lisi Wei, Chung Yu Chan, Christopher K. E. Bleck, Weidong Zhao, Ling-Gang Wu
Summary: This study revealed the existence of sequential compound fusion and compound kiss-and-run mechanisms during vesicle fusion in excitable cells, which enhance exocytosis and endocytosis capacities, as well as dynamic ranges.
Article
Optics
Fan Feng, Chen Liang, Dongdong Chen, Ke Du, Runjia Yang, Chang Lu, Shumin Chen, Liangyi Chen, Louis Tao, Heng Mao
Summary: In this paper, a framework of Shack-Hartmann wavefront space-variant sensing with extended source illumination is proposed for deep tissue imaging. The space-variant wavefront is modeled as a four-dimensional function, and the zonal and modal methods are both upgraded to adapt to the four-dimensional representation and reconstruction. Experimental and simulation results show significant improvements in space-variant wavefront reconstruction accuracy compared to the conventional methods.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Changliang Guo, Aimin Wang, Heping Cheng, Liangyi Chen
Summary: In recent years, novel optical imaging tools have been developed to study neuronal activities using fluorescent indicators with brighter expression and higher sensitivity. Miniature microscopes offer a revolutionary approach to imaging large populations of neurons in freely behaving animals, allowing for exploration of the neural basis of behaviors. This review summarizes the historical development of two-photon miniature microscopy techniques and discusses their potential for neuroscientific inquiries. It also addresses the progress in mesoscale single-photon miniature microscopy and the registration of single cells from two-photon and large field-of-view miniature microscopy data. Furthermore, the potential future evolution of these techniques is presented.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Wenzhen Zhu, Wenying Liang, Haocheng Lu, Lin Chang, Jifeng Zhang, Y. Eugene Chen, Yanhong Guo
Summary: Genetic variants in TM6SF2 are associated with atherosclerosis, and myeloid TM6SF2 deficiency inhibits atherosclerosis development and foam cell formation by reducing inflammation and ER stress.
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiuqin Zhang, Dan Li, Rui Sun, Xinli Hu, Zhiqi Song, Xiaotian Ni, Hua Zhu, Tiannan Guo, Chuan Qin, Rui-Ping Xiao
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
