Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brian L. Rayner, Erika S. W. Jones, Bianca Davidson, Nicola Wearne
Summary: Africa, particularly sub-Sharan Africa, is facing major challenges in tackling chronic kidney disease (CKD), as its prevalence is increasing due to hypertension, diabetes, and HIV, as well as the impact of APOL1 variants on CKD susceptibility. Reliable epidemiological data on CKD prevalence is urgently needed for health planning, and there are deficiencies in current equations that underestimate CKD prevalence in Africa. SGLT2 inhibitors have shown promise in treating CKD, but their affordability, availability, and relevance to the African population are not yet established.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Germaine Akinola Ogunwole, Joseph Kayode Saliu, Fidelia Ijeoma Osuala, Faith Oluwaseyi Odunjo
Summary: This study revealed that environmentally relevant concentrations of IBU significantly impacted the haematology and organ histology of Clarias gariepinus, inducing alterations in blood indices and histopathological deformities in the gills, liver, and kidney. These findings can provide baseline information for regulatory agencies in setting safe limits for NSAIDs to safeguard the aquatic environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ozra Tabatabaei-Malazy, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Patricia Khashayar, Mohammad Keykhaei, Yeganeh Sharifnejad Tehrani, Mohammad-Reza Malekpour, Zahra Esfahani, Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi, Ali Golestani, Parnian Shobeiri, Mana Moghimi, Fateme Gorgani, Elham Abdolhamidi, Farshad Farzadfar, Bagher Larijani
Summary: This study highlights the increasing burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the North Africa and Middle East region (NAME), emphasizing the urgency to address hypertension and overweight/obesity, screen at-risk groups, and provide accessibility to appropriate treatments.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Brendon G. Neuen, Robert Fletcher, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink
Summary: The editorial suggests that the benefit of empagliflozin in slowing the progression of chronic kidney disease is less evident among patients who do not receive RAS blockade. This is because this subgroup only accounts for 15% of the overall trial population, resulting in less precise effect estimates and wider confidence intervals.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ashish Verma, Anand Vaidya, Sonu Subudhi, Sushrut S. Waikar
Summary: The study found that higher serum aldosterone levels are independently associated with an increased risk for kidney disease progression in individuals with chronic kidney disease, regardless of concomitant diabetes. This suggests a potential role for mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in delaying CKD progression even in those without diabetes.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Tazeen H. Jafar, Dorothea Nitsch, Brendon L. Neuen, Vlado Perkovic
Summary: Chronic kidney disease is a progressive disease with no cure, and preserving kidney function through lifestyle adjustments and pharmacological interventions can improve outcomes. A plant-dominant, low-protein, and low-salt diet may help mitigate glomerular hyperfiltration and preserve renal function. Various pharmacotherapies can also be used to alter intrarenal haemodynamics and protect the kidney from further damage.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Solmaz Maleki Dizaj, Aziz Eftekhari, Shakar Mammadova, Elham Ahmadian, Mohammadreza Ardalan, Soodabeh Davaran, Aygun Nasibova, Rovshan Khalilov, Mahbuba Valiyeva, Sevil Mehraliyeva, Ebrahim Mostafavi
Summary: This review focuses on current research and clinical applications of nanoparticles in the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and other renal diseases that may lead to CKD.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dominic Dzamesi Kumashie, Ritika Tiwari, Muhammed Hassen, Usuf M. E. Chikte, Mogamat Razeen Davids
Summary: There is a significant shortage of nephrologists in South Africa, especially in the public sector and certain provinces. A substantial increase in the production of new nephrologists is needed to address this issue. The study has estimated the numbers and distribution of nephrologists needed to achieve realistic nephrologist density targets and address provincial inequalities.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Huan-Da Chen, Chih-Chuan Yu, I-Hsiao Yang, Chi-Chih Hung, Mei-Chuan Kuo, Der-Cherng Tarng, Jer-Ming Chang, Daw-Yang Hwang
Summary: This study reveals the significance of ADTKD-UMOD as a cause of chronic kidney disease in the Taiwanese population, identifying two previously unreported UMOD missense variants.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
George H. B. Greenhall, Kathryn E. Mansfield, Dorothea Nitsch, Masao Iwagami, Clemence Leyrat, Rosalynd Johnston, Liam Smeeth, Laurie A. Tomlinson
Summary: Initiating treatment with ACEI/ARBs may be associated with a modest increase in the risk of haemoglobin reduction. For every 100 patients starting on a CCB, 16 experienced a >= 1 g/dL haemoglobin decline, with 3 additional patients experiencing this outcome if they had received an ACEI/ARB. This may have implications for drug choice and monitoring in primary care.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvio Borrelli, Ida Matarazzo, Eugenio Lembo, Laura Peccarino, Claudia Annoiato, Maria Rosaria Scognamiglio, Andrea Foderini, Chiara Ruotolo, Aldo Franculli, Federica Capozzi, Pavlo Yavorskiy, Fatme Merheb, Michele Provenzano, Gaetano La Manna, Luca De Nicola, Roberto Minutolo, Carlo Garofalo
Summary: Increasing potassium intake can improve blood pressure and cardiovascular outcomes, but hyperkalaemia is prevalent in CKD patients and associated with poor prognosis. The correct nutritional approach to hyperkalaemia is still controversial, but new K+-binder drugs offer a safe and effective option for controlling serum potassium levels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Satyesh K. Sinha, Michael Mellody, Maria Beatriz Carpio, Robert Damoiseaux, Susanne B. Nicholas
Summary: Osteopontin (OPN) is a protein with various physiological functions and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD). OPN may serve as a biomarker in CKD and targeting OPN could be a potential treatment strategy.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ashton C. Lai, Solomon W. Bienstock, Raman Sharma, Karl Skorecki, Frans Beerkens, Rajeev Samtani, Andrew Coyle, Tonia Kim, Usman Baber, Anton Camaj, David Power, Valentin Fuster, Martin E. Goldman
Summary: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in end-stage renal disease patients, exacerbated by dialysis treatment. Multimodality imaging may offer additional prognostication and risk stratification for these patients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Johannes Ruhe, Jennifer Nadal, Barbara Barthlein, Heike Meiselbach, Ulla T. Schultheiss, Fruzsina Kotsis, Helena Stockmann, Vera Krane, Claudia Sommerer, Ivonne Loeffler, Turgay Saritas, Jan T. Kielstein, Thomas Sitter, Markus P. Schneider, Matthias Schmid, Christoph Wanner, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Gunter Wolf, Martin Busch
Summary: Diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease and mortality. This study found that DM significantly increased the risk of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular death, major adverse cardiovascular events, and hospitalization for heart failure in patients with moderate to severe CKD. The increased risk was similar in patients with CKD caused by cardiovascular/metabolic diseases and those with genuine CKD. Patients with DM and CKD caused by cardiovascular/metabolic diseases were particularly susceptible to heart failure.
CLINICAL KIDNEY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pedro Caetano Pinto, Cindy Roennau, Martin Burchardt, Ingmar Wolff
Summary: Kidney cancer and chronic kidney disease have different clinical management strategies, but share closely related cellular and molecular mechanisms, both involving the kidney's response to hypoxia. Fibrosis is a common factor in deteriorating renal function in both conditions.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amy E. Mendham, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Fredrik Karpe, Andre Pascal Kengne, Tinashe Chikowore, Clement N. Kufe, Maphoko Masemola, Nigel J. Crowther, Shane A. Norris, Tommy Olsson, Solve Elmstahl, Tove Fall, Lars Lind, Julia H. Goedecke
Summary: Using a targeted proteomics approach, this study aimed to identify and validate circulating proteins associated with impaired glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes in a Black South African cohort. The results identified 34 proteins associated with type 2 diabetes, of which 11 were associated with measures of type 2 diabetes pathophysiology. This study highlights the similarity of biomarkers between different populations and emphasizes the need for validation in African cohorts.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dipuo D. Motshwari, Don M. Matshazi, Rajiv T. Erasmus, Andre P. Kengne, Tandi E. Matsha, Cindy George
Summary: This review evaluated the expression profile of microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population and high-risk subgroups. The findings showed consistent downregulation of miR-126 and miR-223 in CKD, and consistent upregulation of miR-21 and miR-29b in diabetic kidney disease (DKD), along with downregulation of miR-30e and let-7a in at least three studies. These miRNAs may be involved in the pathogenesis of CKD and further research is needed to explore their clinical utility for CKD prevention and control.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alice Y. Y. Cheng, Marilia Brito Gomes, Sanjay Kalra, Andre-Pascal Kengne, Chantal Mathieu, Jonathan E. Shaw
Summary: In 2022, the WHO established the first global targets for diabetes mellitus. These targets aim to achieve, by 2030, that 80% of people with diabetes mellitus are diagnosed, 80% of those with diabetes mellitus have good control of blood sugar and blood pressure, 60% of those over 40 receive statin treatment, and 100% of those with type 1 diabetes mellitus have access to affordable insulin and blood glucose monitoring.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cindy George, Jillian Hill, Unati Nqebelele, Nasheeta Peer, A. P. Kengne
Summary: This observational study in South Africa evaluated the feasibility of using the existing SA-DPP screening program to screen for CKD, and found that nearly one in five high-risk individuals had CKD. Including markers of kidney function in the screening program can help identify and appropriately treat individuals with CKD to reduce disease progression.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Anastase Dzudie, Blaise Barche, Franck Zomene, Peter Vanes Ebasone, Clovis Nkoke, Sidick Mouliom, Djibrilla Sidikatou, Viche Lade, Henri Ngote, Yacouba Mapoure Njankouo, Bertrand Hugo Mbatchou, Felicite Kamdem, Jules Njebet, Andre Pascal Kengne, Simeon Pierre Choukem
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness and tolerance of three single pill combinations (SPCs) containing two antihypertensive agents in hypertensive patients in sub-Saharan Africa. The results showed that all three SPCs were highly effective in reducing and controlling blood pressure, with similar rates of adverse effects. Long-term studies are needed to assess the safety and cardiovascular effects of these agents in the sub-Saharan African population.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Ashar Dhana, Rishi K. Gupta, Yohhei Hamada, Andre P. Kengne, Andrew D. Kerkhoff, Christina Yoon, Adithya Cattamanchi, Byron W. P. Reeve, Grant Theron, Gcobisa Ndlangalavu, Robin Wood, Paul K. Drain, Claire J. Calderwood, Mahdad Noursadeghi, Tom Boyles, Graeme Meintjes, Gary Maartens, David A. Barr
Summary: This study compared the performance of WHO-recommended tuberculosis screening tools with two newly developed clinical prediction models (CPMs) among outpatient people living with HIV. The results showed that C-reactive protein (CRP) performed the best as a screening tool, and the choice between using CRP or a CPM depends on available resources.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2023)
Review
Virology
Perpetua Modjadji, Kabelo Mokgalaboni, Engelbert A. Nonterah, Sogolo Lucky Lebelo, Zandile June-Rose Mchiza, Sphiwe Madiba, Andre Pascal Kengne
Summary: This systematic review aims to synthesize evidence on cardiometabolic risks and perinatal outcomes among pregnant women living with HIV (pWLWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART). The review includes 31 relevant studies conducted on 20,904 pWLWH across Africa, Asia, Europe, and America. Inconclusive findings were observed, especially regarding perinatal outcomes, but significant risks of gestational hypertension and dyslipidemia were reported in pWLWH on ART compared to the control group. Future studies should focus more on these perinatal outcomes and their impact on postpartum maternal health and growth trajectories of uninfected infants born from pWLWH.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jillian Hill, Mieke Faber, Cindy George, Nasheeta Peer, Tshavhuyo Mulabisano, Sonja Mostert, Eugene Sobngwi, Andre P. Kengne
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests that adding text messages to diabetes prevention programs may improve outcomes. This paper describes the process of developing behavior change text messages for people at risk of developing diabetes in low-resourced communities in South Africa. The development involved multiple steps, including message development, evaluation, and refinement. The final text bank includes 67 messages covering topics related to healthy eating, physical activity, and general check-ins.
Article
Physiology
Jaron Ras, Elpidoforos S. Soteriades, Denise L. Smith, Andre P. Kengne, Lloyd Leach
Summary: There is an association between physical fitness and musculoskeletal health in firefighters. Increasing cardiorespiratory fitness, push-ups, sit-ups, and flexibility can reduce the likelihood of musculoskeletal injuries. However, it may also increase the likelihood of musculoskeletal discomfort in certain areas.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Correction
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Mayowa Owolabi, Paul Olowoyo, Ana Mocumbi, Okechukwu S. Ogah, Augustine Odili, Kolawole Wahab, Dike Ojji, Abiodun M. Adeoye, Rufus Akinyemi, Albert Akpalu, Reginald Obiako, Fred S. Sarfo, Charlotte Bavuma, Hind Mamoun Beheiry, Moshen Ibrahim, Wafaa El Aroussy, Gianfranco Parati, Anastase Dzudie, Sandhya Singh, Onoja Akpa, Andre Pascal Kengne, Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle, Ama de Graft Aikins, Charles Agyemang, Gbenga Ogedegbe, Bruce Ovbiagele, Renu Garg, Norman R. C. Campbell, Daniel T. Lackland, Prebo Barango, Slim Slama, Cherian V. Varghese, Paul K. Whelton, Xin-Hua Zhang
JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Mayowa Owolabi, Paul Olowoyo, Ana Mocumbi, Okechukwu S. Ogah, Augustine Odili, Kolawole Wahab, Dike Ojji, Abiodun M. Adeoye, Rufus Akinyemi, Albert Akpalu, Reginald Obiako, Fred S. Sarfo, Charlotte Bavuma, Hind Mamoun Beheiry, Moshen Ibrahim, Wafaa El Aroussy, Gianfranco Parati, Anastase Dzudie, Sandhya Singh, Onoja Akpa, Andre Pascal Kengne, Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle, Ama de Graft Aikins, Charles Agyemang, Gbenga Ogedegbe, Bruce Ovbiagele, Renu Garg, Norman R. C. Campbell, Daniel T. Lackland, Prebo Barango, Slim Slama, Cherian V. Varghese, Paul K. Whelton, Xin-Hua Zhang
Summary: Hypertension is a global leading preventable and controllable risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, there has been little progress in detecting, treating, and controlling hypertension in Africa over the past thirty years. The ACHIEVE project aims to implement the HEARTS package to improve surveillance, prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of hypertension complications in Africa through innovative epidemiology and a vibrant ecosystem. Ten key strategic actions are proposed to reduce the burden of hypertension in Africa.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cindy George, Jillian Hill, Unati Nqebelele, Nasheeta Peer, Andre P. Kengne
Summary: This study evaluated the possibility of using the SA-DPP to screen for CKD and found that nearly one in five high-risk participants had CKD. This highlights the importance of including kidney function markers in existing screening programmes.
Meeting Abstract
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Nasheeta Peer, Liske Kotze Horstmann, Jillian Hill, Andre Pascal Kengne
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)