Article
Mycology
Sunita Khanal, Luke Schroeder, Otniel Alejandro Nava-Mercado, Hector Mendoza, Michael H. Perlin
Summary: Ustilago maydis can use nitrate as the sole nitrogen source, with genes encoding nitrate transporter and nitrite reductase characterized. Mutants with deletions in these genes showed diminished growth on nitrate medium, reduced mating in double mutants, and decreased pathogenicity on hosts. Host-specific reduction in plant pathogenicity was correlated with differential expression of mating program genes.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yangyang Gao, Shuxuan Quan, Bo Lyu, Tian Tian, Zhiguang Liu, Zhentian Nie, Shengdong Qi, Jingbo Jia, Jing Shu, Edwin Groot, Jiajie Wu, Yong Wang
Summary: The study investigated the role of barley transcription factor HvNLP2 in nitrate signaling and assimilation, revealing that HvNLP2 affects plant biomass, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency by controlling nitrate signaling.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xuyen H. Le, Chun-Pong Lee, A. Harvey Millar
Summary: The absence of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1) in plants leads to the loss of its putative orthologs, MPC3/MPC4, and hinders pyruvate transport into mitochondria, impacting respiratory metabolism and reducing plant growth. The collaborative function of all pyruvate-supplying enzymes, including MPC1, is essential for sustaining the tricarboxylic acid cycle and supporting plant growth.
Article
Plant Sciences
Abdul Rehaman, Mehar Fatma, Arif Tasleem Jan, Ali Asghar Shah, Mohd Asgher, Nafees A. Khan
Summary: Drought stress negatively affects maize crops, but vermicompost and sodium nitroprusside may play a role in alleviating the stress.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Behrooz Sarabi, Nasser Ghaderi, Jaleh Ghashghaie
Summary: This study investigated the effects of supplemental LED lights of various spectral compositions and their combination with humic acid on the physiological and biochemical responses of rocket plants. The results showed that LED combined with humic acid could improve the nutritional value and activity of enzymes involved in nitrate assimilation, as well as lower nitrate and ammonium concentrations.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hugh M. Purdy, Brian F. Pfleger, Jennifer L. Reed
Summary: The study uses a genome-scale metabolic model to predict and design novel cyanobacterial strains for improved production of biofuel alcohols.
METABOLIC ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Elena E. Ganusova, Lam T. Vo, Paul E. Abraham, Lindsey O'Neal Yoder, Robert L. Hettich, Gladys Alexandre
Summary: This study reveals that chemotaxis proteins in Azospirillum brasilense play crucial roles in modulating nitrogen metabolism, including nitrate assimilation and nitrogen fixation. Lack of these chemotaxis proteins has significant impact on transcription, signaling transport, and cell metabolism.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yui Ozawa, Aiko Tanaka, Takamasa Suzuki, Daisuke Sugiura
Summary: Sink-source imbalance leads to the accumulation of nonstructural carbohydrates (NSCs) and downregulation of photosynthesis. However, it is still unclear whether NSC accumulation or nitrogen deficiency has a more direct effect on the decrease in steady-state maximum photosynthesis and photosynthetic induction, as well as the underlying gene expression profiles. In this study, we investigated the relationship between photosynthetic capacity and NSC accumulation induced by different treatments in soybean and common bean. The findings indicate that NSC accumulation decreases the maximum photosynthetic capacity and delays photosynthetic induction in both species. The downregulation of photosynthesis in soybean can be attributed to the coordinated downregulation of photosynthetic genes involved in various processes, including the Calvin cycle, Rubisco activase, photochemical reactions, and stomatal opening. Additionally, the sink-source imbalance may have affected the balance of sugar-phosphate translocators in chloroplast membranes, leading to starch accumulation. These results provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of photosynthetic downregulation and NSC accumulation, emphasizing the role of NSC accumulation in triggering downregulation rather than nitrogen deficiency.
PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Elaine Angelim Costa Cunha de Souza, Juan Carlos Alvarez-Pizarro, Lineker de Sousa Lopes, Rafael de Souza Miranda, Eneas Gomes-Filho
Summary: The study evaluated the modulation of salinity response by nitrogen nutrition forms in sorghum and maize, finding contrasting responses in the two grass species. Maize plants displayed higher sensitivity to salt stress under NH4+ nutrition, while sorghum showed an opposite response.
JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaohui Ma, Jinqiang Nian, Hong Yu, Fengxia Zhang, Tianpeng Feng, Liquan Kou, Jian Zhang, Danfeng Wang, Hanwen Li, Lichao Chen, Guojun Dong, Xianzhi Xie, Guodong Wang, Qian Qian, Jiayang Li, Jianru Zuo
Summary: In this study, it was found that the transcription factor ARE4 in rice regulates glucose signaling and nitrogen utilization by activating the expression of high-affinity nitrate transporter genes, thereby coordinating carbon and nitrogen metabolism.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bowen Liu, Hongmei Fan, Cuihui Sun, Mingyue Yuan, Xi Geng, Xiao Ding, Rui Ma, Na Yan, Xia Sun, Chengshu Zheng
Summary: Nitrate is an important nitrogen source for plants and plays a role in various physiological processes. This study identified the CmCIPK23 gene involved in nitrate signaling and demonstrated its impact on root development and nitrate uptake in Arabidopsis. The interaction between CmCIPK23 and the transcription factor CmTGA1 was also discovered, providing insights into the mechanism of nitrate response.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Asif Iqbal, Dong Qiang, Wang Xiangru, Gui Huiping, Niu Jing, Li Leilei, Zhang Hengheng, Pang Nianchang, Zhang Xiling, Song Meizhen
Summary: This study investigated how cotton plants balance nitrogen (N) metabolism and enhanced biomass accumulation to support larger root systems under low N stress. The results showed that high N-efficient genotype CCRI-69 produced a larger root system, high biomass accumulation, and efficient N metabolism compared to N-inefficient genotype XLZ-30. The key traits contributing to N use efficiency (NUE) were root morphology, sugar contents, and N-assimilating enzymatic activities.
Article
Plant Sciences
Naseem Ahmad, Nigar Fatima, Mohammad Faisal, Abdulrahman A. Alatar, Ranjith Pathirana
Summary: An improved and stable micropropagation system was established using meta-Topolin in Lagerstroemia speciosa L., resulting in increased shoot and root growth. Shoot proliferation rates were closely related to chlorophyll content and antioxidant enzyme activity, while genetic analysis demonstrated the genetic stability of the acclimated plants and suitability of the propagation method.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiao-Ting Wang, Jun-Hua Xiao, Li Li, Jiang-Fan Guo, Mei-Xiang Zhang, Yu-Yan An, Jun-Min He
Summary: This study found that UV-B regulates nitrate reallocation in plants by stimulating ethylene production. Ethylene acts as a local and systemic signal to mediate UV-B-induced nitrate reallocation from hypocotyls to leaves and roots by regulating the gene expression of ethylene response factors and nitrate transporter.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Surupa Paul, Titir Guha, Swarnali Dey, Subhabrata Paul, Rita Kundu
Summary: Nitrogen supplementation can ameliorate cadmium stress in rice plants, improving growth, yield, and reducing the absorption of cadmium and associated health risks.
Article
Plant Sciences
Wanli You, Jinglin Zhang, Xueyin Ru, Feng Xu, Zhengguo Wu, Peng Jin, Yonghua Zheng, Shifeng Cao
Summary: This study investigated the effect of calcium chloride (CaCl2) treatment on GABA accumulation in fresh-cut cantaloupe and the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that CaCl2 treatment increased GABA content and the activities of GAD and SSADH enzymes, while reducing glutamate content and GABA-T activity. Additionally, CaCl2 treatment upregulated the expressions of CmCML11 and CmCAMTA5, as well as several GABA shunt genes, through the transcriptional activation by CmCAMTA5. Furthermore, the interaction between CmCML11 and CmCAMTA5 enhanced the transcriptional activation of GABA shunt genes. Overall, this study reveals that CaCl2 treatment promotes GABA accumulation in fresh-cut cantaloupe through the combined effect of CmCML11 and CmCAMTA5 in regulating the expressions of GABA shunt genes.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Min Wang, Yupeng Wang, Xiaohui Wang, Guangwei Wei, Huiyi Yang, Xi Yang, Tinghai Shen, Huijie Qu, Sheng Fang, Ziming Wu
Summary: This study identified the high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) black sesame variety 17-156 and analyzed its underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms. The results showed that 17-156 possesses a sophisticated nitrogen metabolizing machinery to uptake and assimilate higher quantities of inorganic nitrogen, simultaneously improving carbon metabolism and growth. Many important genes were up-regulated in 17-156 under high nitrogen condition. Additionally, 38 potential candidate genes were identified for future studies to improve sesame's NUE. These findings provide valuable resources for understanding the regulatory network of nitrogen metabolism and developing sesame cultivars with improved NUE.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
He Dong, Chongmei Xu, Chengtao Zhang, Li Zhang, Yaqin Yao, Suiqi Zhang
Summary: The study found that short cells in maize leaves not only improve leaf mechanical support and photosynthetic performance, enhance drought resistance, but also participate in stomatal regulation.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Na Liu, Wenyan Shang, Mengxin Guan, Jibin Xiao, Guangxiang Tian, Baozhan Ma, Wenjing Shang, Xu Li, Shijia Zhao, Chuang Li, Kun Cheng, Wenming Zheng
Summary: This study cloned the full-length cDNA sequence of TaSPX3 gene in wheat and found that TaSPX3 responds to low phosphorus stress in multiple wheat genotypes. Overexpressing TaSPX3 can alleviate phosphorus deficiency symptoms and promote plant growth in Arabidopsis. The study also revealed the interaction of TaSPX3 with other genes related to the phosphorus starvation signaling pathway.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kongyuan Wu, Lizhen Wang, Zihan Wu, Ziqing Liu, Zengfei Li, Jun Shen, Shengjie Shi, Hong Liu, Christopher Rensing, Renwei Feng
Summary: Selenium (Se) can reduce uptake and translocation of cadmium (Cd) in plants by regulating root morphology. This study investigated the effects of Se(IV) on root exudates, root morphology, root endogenous hormones, and Cd uptake efficiency in rice under Cd stress. The results showed that Se(IV) significantly reduced Cd concentrations in shoots and roots, and decreased Cd uptake efficiency via root hairs. Se(IV) also affected root morphology, root exudates, and the synthesis of hormones like IAA and JA. However, transcriptome analysis revealed no upregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in IAA synthesis.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Di Wang, Huaifang Zhang, Xuefei Hu, Haizhen Zhang, Shuang Feng, Aimin Zhou
Summary: This study identified a cell number regulator gene called SlCNR8 in willow, which enhances resistance to trace metals in transgenic poplar seedlings. SlCNR8 reduces Cd uptake and accumulation, and can be used as a candidate gene for genetic improvement of phytostabilisation of trace metals.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2024)