Article
Cell Biology
Miren Revuelta, Amaia Elicegui, Till Scheuer, Stefanie Endesfelder, Christoph Buehrer, Leire Moreno-Cugnon, Ander Matheu, Thomas Schmitz
Summary: Proper functioning of astrocytes is crucial for the development and survival of neurons and oligodendroglia, and dysfunction can contribute to brain injury. This study found that aging significantly impacts astrocyte function, particularly leading to nutrient loss in aged astrocytes during oxygen glucose deprivation. Additionally, the P38MAPK signaling pathway plays a key role in inflammatory and oxidative stress responses in aged astrocytes.
Article
Biology
Anja Beckmann, Johanna Recktenwald, Alice Ferdinand, Alexander Grissmer, Carola Meier
Summary: Gap junctions play a crucial role in direct transport of small molecules, ions, and water between connected cells, particularly in disease states. Short-term hyperosmolarity can induce structural and functional changes in gap junctions, affecting intercellular communication.
Article
Cell Biology
Yan Huang, Xia Xiao, Han Xiao, Zhiping Hu, Fengbo Tan
Summary: The study investigated the role of CUEDC2 in cerebral ischemic stroke and whether CUEDC2-modified MSCs could improve the efficacy of treatment, finding that siRNA-CUEDC2 in MSCs significantly enhanced therapeutic effects by upregulating GPX1 expression levels and suppressing NF-kB activation in co-cultured neurons. These findings suggest a promising strategy for utilizing MSCs to promote outcomes in cerebral ischemic stroke.
Article
Neurosciences
Mi Li, Jingmei Yu, Huan Deng, Shansha Xie, Qiuling Li, Yuping Zhao, Shubin Yin, Yi-Fei Ji
Summary: In this study, it was found that astrocytes adapt to environmental changes under oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) through the mTOR/Akt pathway, mainly by altering cell morphology, apoptosis, and upregulating the expression levels of phosphorylated Akt and glutamate transporter GLT-1.
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivanka Jimenez-Dinamarca, Rachel Reyes-Lizana, Yordan Lemunao-Inostroza, Kevin Cardenas, Raimundo Castro-Lazo, Francisca Pena, Claudia M. Lucero, Juan Prieto-Villalobos, Mauricio Antonio Retamal, Juan Andres Orellana, Jimmy Stehberg
Summary: GABA plays a crucial role in regulating the excitatory/inhibitory balance in the brain by affecting the activity of neurons and astrocytes through different GABA receptors. This study specifically focuses on how GABA influences astroglial Cx43 hemichannel activity and its release of glutamate and ATP, providing insights into potential mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shidong Cao, Senmiao Chen, Xilin Qiao, Yan Guo, Fang Liu, Zhishan Ding, Bo Jin
Summary: The study demonstrates that protocatechualdehyde (PCA) rescues endothelial cells from ischemia-reperfusion induced injury by promoting autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis through SIRT1.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qin Jiang, Dong-Yuan Su, Zhen-Zhen Wang, Chang Liu, Ya-Nan Sun, Hong Cheng, Xiu-Miao Li, Biao Yan
Summary: This study provides molecular evidence that the retina is a window of the brain from the circRNA perspective. cGLIS3 is a common regulator and diagnostic marker of cerebral neurodegeneration and retinal neurodegeneration.
Article
Cell Biology
Na Liu, Aini Peng, Haiyan Sun, Yuansu Zhuang, Ming Yu, Qun Wang, Jinping Wang
Summary: The study demonstrated that AC136007.2 alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing AMPK/mTOR-dependent autophagy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xidan Li, Haijing Liu, Chao Han, Jianglin Luo, Xin Guan, Liang Wang, Ying Li, Jiayi Wang, Hua Piao, Wei Zou, Jing Liu
Summary: We used an in vitro model of the human brain immune microenvironment to simulate hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI) and treatment with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSCs). Our study found that the in vitro model showed more severe damage to neurons and endothelial cells compared to monolayer cells. Treatment with hUMSCs resulted in a notable decrease in the severity of neuronal and endothelial cell damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Hai-Yang Liao, Rui Ran, Chao-Ming Da, Zhi-Qiang Wang, Kai-sheng Zhou, Hai-hong Zhang
Summary: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common disease of the nervous system, and neuronal inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathological process of SCI. The study shows that Ski, a functional transcriptional regulator protein, is upregulated in reactive astrocytes after SCI, and its downregulation effectively inhibits glial inflammation in SCI by inhibiting the activity of the NF-kappa B pathway. This finding suggests that Ski may serve as a promising therapeutic target for inflammatory responses after SCI.
Article
Neurosciences
Chao Gu, Junqing Yang, Ying Luo, Dongzhi Ran, Xiaodan Tan, Pu Xiang, Huizhi Fei, Yi Lu, Wenjia Guo, Yujun Tu, Xia Liu, Hong Wang
Summary: In cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, ZNRF2 acts protectively by inhibiting mTORC1-mediated autophagy.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Madeira, Joana Domingues, Catia R. Lopes, Paula M. Canas, Rodrigo A. Cunha, Paula Agostinho
Summary: Increasing evidence suggests that dysfunction of astrocytes, a type of glial cell, plays a role in the development of Alzheimer's disease. This dysfunction is characterized by altered astrocytic morphology and increased activity of astrocytic hemichannels, which are composed mainly of connexin 43 (Cx43). The activity of these hemichannels is found to be modulated by adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR), and blocking A2AR can prevent the dysregulation of astrocytic hemichannels induced by amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques. Overall, our findings indicate that the dysfunction of astrocytic hemichannel activity is an early event in Alzheimer's disease and can be controlled by targeting A2AR.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ziyu Zhou, Lei Shang, Qi Zhang, Ximin Hu, Ju-fang Huang, Kun Xiong
Summary: Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common cause of many diseases, leading to tissue damage and cell death. In this study, a cellular model was used to simulate retinal I/R injury and confirm the occurrence of pyroptosis as a regulated cell death mechanism. Through extensive analysis and experiments, it was found that DTX3L ubiquitinates NLRP3 to regulate pyroptosis induced by OGD/R injury in R28 cells.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jin -Yi Hou, Xiao-Ling Zhou, Xiao-Yuan Wang, Jia Liang, Qun Xue
Summary: PRDX6, a member of the peroxiredoxin family, has been identified as a potential therapeutic target for brain diseases, particularly Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke. However, its role in neurons under ischemic conditions was unclear. This study revealed that astrocytes can release PRDX6 extracellularly after OGD/R, exacerbating neuroapoptosis. The PRDX6/RAGE/JNK signaling pathway was found to contribute to this effect. The inhibition of the RAGE signaling pathway showed significant changes in animal behavior in a mouse MCAO model. These findings highlight the crucial role of astrocyte-released PRDX6 in neuroapoptosis caused by OGD/R and provide insights into the molecular mechanism of protecting brain function from ischemia-reperfusion injury.
Article
Cell Biology
Xuesong Bai, Yan Qiu, Jian Wang, Yafen Dong, Tao Zhang, Hui Jin
Summary: The study found that Panax quinquefolium saponins (PQS) can significantly inhibit the activation of microglia cells in the brain tissue of rats. This inhibition is achieved through the activation of the Nrf2/miR-103-3p/TANK axis. The findings reveal a new mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effects of PQS and suggest that Nrf2 may be a potential target for the development of new drugs for ischemic stroke.
CELL BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Anja Beckmann, Alexander Grissmer, Elmar Krause, Thomas Tschernig, Carola Meier
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2016)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Anja Beckmann, Alexander Grissmer, Carola Meier, Thomas Tschernig
ANNALS OF ANATOMY-ANATOMISCHER ANZEIGER
(2020)
Article
Biology
Anja Beckmann, Johanna Recktenwald, Alice Ferdinand, Alexander Grissmer, Carola Meier
Summary: Gap junctions play a crucial role in direct transport of small molecules, ions, and water between connected cells, particularly in disease states. Short-term hyperosmolarity can induce structural and functional changes in gap junctions, affecting intercellular communication.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonie Schumacher, Redouane Slimani, Laimdota Zizmare, Jakob Ehlers, Felix Kleine Borgmann, Julia C. Fitzgerald, Petra Fallier-Becker, Anja Beckmann, Alexander Grissmer, Carola Meier, Ali El-Ayoubi, Kavi Devraj, Michel Mittelbronn, Christoph Trautwein, Ulrike Naumann
Summary: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a vital component for maintaining brain homeostasis by separating the circulating blood from the brain extracellular fluid. In glioblastoma (GBM), the BBB around the tumor is often disrupted due to the influence of GBM cells on pericytes, which play a crucial role in BBB integrity. TGF-beta, secreted by GBM cells, alters the function and metabolism of pericytes, leading to the disruption of the BBB.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Patrick Carius, Annemarie Jungmann, Marco Bechtel, Alexander Grissmer, Annette Boese, Gilles Gasparoni, Abdulrahman Salhab, Ralf Seipelt, Klaus Urbschat, Clementine Richter, Carola Meier, Denisa Bojkova, Jindrich Cinatl, Joern Walter, Nicole Schneider-Daum, Claus-Michael Lehr
Summary: The study describes a novel monoclonal cell line called Arlo, derived from a polyclonal human alveolar epithelium cell line. Arlo cells exhibit enhanced barrier properties and express genes relevant to barrier integrity and homeostasis, similar to primary human alveolar epithelial cells. Additionally, Arlo cells have been successfully infected with SARS-CoV-2, suggesting potential applications beyond biopharmaceutical experimentation.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Robert Richter, Mohamed A. M. Kamal, Mariel A. Garcia-Rivera, Jerome Kaspar, Maximilian Junk, Walid A. M. Elgaher, Sanjay Kumar Srikakulam, Alexander Gress, Anja Beckmann, Alexander Grissmer, Carola Meier, Michael Vielhaber, Olga Kalinina, Anna K. H. Hirsch, Rolf W. Hartmann, Mark Bronstrup, Nicole Schneider-Daum, Claus-Michael Lehr
MATERIALS TODAY BIO
(2020)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Thomas Tschernig, Thorben Fischer, Alexander Grissmer, Anja Beckmann, Carola Meier, Peter Lipp, Marc Schneider
BIOMEDICAL REPORTS
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang He, Jun Tang, Meng Zhang, Junjie Ying, Dezhi Mu
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (hPMSCs) transplantation in a rat model of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). The results showed that hPMSCs transplantation reduced apoptosis and improved long-term neurological prognosis. Furthermore, the downregulation of Sema 3A/NRP-1 expression and activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a key role in the protective effects of hPMSCs.
Article
Neurosciences
Emily L. Isenstein, Edward G. Freedman, Jiayi Xu, Ian A. DeAndrea-Lazarus, John J. Foxe
Summary: This study evaluated electrophysiological discrimination of parametric somatosensory stimuli in healthy young adults to understand how the brain processes the duration of tactile information. The results showed that participants did not electrophysiologically discriminate between 100 and 115 ms, but they exhibited distinct electrophysiological responses when the deviant stimuli were 130, 145, and 160 ms. These findings contribute to a better understanding of tactile sensitivity in different clinical conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juliana R. Souza, Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Benedito H. Machado
Summary: This study demonstrates that A2A receptors play a crucial role in modulating synaptic transmission in the NTS neurons and are required for the enhancement of glutamatergic transmission observed under short-term sustained hypoxia conditions.
Article
Neurosciences
Miki Hashizume, Rina Ito, Rie Suge, Yasushi Hojo, Gen Murakami, Takayuki Murakoshi
Summary: The basolateral amygdaloid complex (BLA) is closely involved in the formation of emotional memories, including both aversive memory and contextual fear memory. Acute sleep deprivation (SD) disrupts the acquisition of tone-associated fear memory in juvenile rats, but has no significant effect on contextual fear memory. Slow network oscillation in the amygdala contributes to the formation of amygdala-dependent fear memory in relation to sleep.
Article
Neurosciences
Qunxian Wang, Shipeng Guo, Dongjie Hu, Xiangjun Dong, Zijun Meng, Yanshuang Jiang, Zijuan Feng, Weihui Zhou, Weihong Song
Summary: GSDME plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease by regulating the switch from apoptosis to pyroptosis and participating in neuroinflammatory response. Knockdown of GSDME has been shown to improve cognitive impairments, indicating that GSDME could be a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.