Article
Microbiology
Chinmay Anand, Meghna Santoshi, Prakruti R. Singh, Valakunja Nagaraja
Summary: The research focused on the nucleoid-associated protein MtHU in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, identifying a succinyltransferase Rv0802c that interacts with and succinylates MtHU. The succinylation of MtHU affects its binding to DNA, but in vivo expression of Rv0802c does not significantly alter the nucleoid architecture.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kanika Arora, Bhishem Thakur, Archit Gupta, Purnananda Guptasarma
Summary: In enteric bacteria like Escherichia coli, there are two homologs of the DNA-binding nucleoid associated protein (NAP) known as HU, which exist in different forms and dominate different stages of bacterial growth. Due to similarities in their properties and the difficulty in purifying them separately, these dimeric forms can interfere with each other. The creation of a functional analog of HU-AB, termed HU-B-A, solves this problem by combining HU-B and HU-A chains into a single polypeptide with a higher stability and dominance in mixtures.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sunita, Nirjara Singhvi, Vipin Gupta, Yogendra Singh, Pratyoosh Shukla
Summary: Implementation of computational tools in identifying drug targets for Tuberculosis has shown promise. Nucleoid-Associated Proteins have been found to play a significant role in regulating cellular processes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, making them potential targets for new drugs. This study used computational methods to identify potential inhibitors for eight Nucleoid-Associated Proteins, and found several FDA-approved drugs as novel targets with therapeutic potential for TB.
MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Pavla Stojkova, Petra Spidlova
Summary: HU protein, a member of the nucleoid-associated protein family, plays a crucial role in regulating bacterial virulence, pathogenesis, and survival. Recent studies suggest that HU protein may not only exist inside bacteria but also be secreted outside bacteria and even enter host cells. However, its specific role in host cells is still not well understood and further research is needed.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Rajni Garg, Chinmay Anand, Sohini Ganguly, Sandhya Rao, Rinkee Verma, Valakunja Nagaraja
Summary: The unique NAP, Rv3852, in Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been shown to interact physically with the important cell shape and cell wall integrity determinant, Wag31. This interaction is necessary for fine-tuning Wag31 localization to the cell poles, enabling complex cell wall synthesis in Mtb. The novel association between Rv3852 and Wag31 presents one of the mechanisms to structure the elaborate multi-layered cell envelope of Mtb, showcasing a new function for a NAP in mycobacteria.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suruchi Lata, Amar Chandra Mahatha, Soumya Mal, Umesh D. Gupta, Manikuntala Kundu, Joyoti Basu
Summary: Rv0081 is a transcriptional regulator in Mycobacterium tuberculosis that plays a crucial role in the survival and multiplication of the bacterium within its host. It regulates the expression of genes involved in cholesterol degradation and import and activates the secretion of EspR protein, which in turn is involved in lysosomal trafficking subversion and granuloma expansion.
MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fantahun Biadglegne, Johannes R. Schmidt, Kathrin M. Engel, Joerg Lehmann, Robert T. Lehmann, Anja Reinert, Brigitte Konig, Juergen Schiller, Stefan Kalkhof, Ulrich Sack
Summary: Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the deadliest infectious diseases caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This study investigated the lipid and protein composition of exosomes derived from TB patients' plasma, and found that the exosomes contain components from both the host and Mtb. The proportions of these components vary depending on disease and treatment state, and may be related to Mtb pathogenesis and dormancy. The study also identified proteins of Mtb origin and revealed the impact of Mtb infection on the host protein composition of circulating exosomes. These findings could lead to the development of new vaccines and therapies for TB.
Article
Cell Biology
Valerie Hilgers
Summary: The RNA-binding proteins encoded by the highly conserved elav/Hu gene family play a crucial role in neuron differentiation and are associated with human neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative diseases. The Drosophila ELAV protein mediates the synthesis of neuronal RNA signatures by regulating alternative splicing and polyadenylation of hundreds of genes. Cells have evolved multiple mechanisms to ensure the robustness of ELAV/Hu function.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandre Duprey, Eduardo A. Groisman
Summary: DNA supercoiling is a crucial factor in controlling cellular processes, with similarities and differences across different domains of life. Topoisomerases play a key role in mediating changes in DNA supercoiling.
Review
Immunology
Paolo Miotto, Rita Sorrentino, Stefano De Giorgi, Roberta Provvedi, Daniela Maria Cirillo, Riccardo Manganelli
Summary: Bacterial drug resistance poses a serious threat to human health, with tuberculosis being a high-risk infection due to limited drugs available against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Drug resistance in bacteria is often caused by point mutations in drug targets, but changes in transcriptional regulation post-drug exposure also play a significant role and should be further explored for potential new drug targets and intervention strategies.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Haotian Bo, Ulrich Aymard Ekomi Moure, Yuanmiao Yang, Jun Pan, Li Li, Miao Wang, Xiaoxue Ke, Hongjuan Cui
Summary: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of TB, interacts with macrophages in the lungs, subverting the host immune system and causing infection. This review examines Mtb effectors that interact with macrophages and how macrophages control and eliminate Mtb, as well as how Mtb manipulates macrophage defense mechanisms for its own survival. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for TB prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Lu Wei, Eric C. Lai
Summary: The process of APA can alter regulatory capacity and coding potential of genes, leading to the formation of characteristic 3' UTR isoforms in neurons. However, our understanding of APA mechanisms and biology is still limited.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Lerato Hlaka, Mumin Ozturk, Julius E. Chia, Shelby-Sara Jones, Shandre Pillay, Sibongiseni K. L. Poswayo, Thabo Mpotje, Justin K. Nono, Simphiwe R. N. Simelane, Suraj P. Parihar, Sugata Roy, Harukazu Suzuki, Frank Brombacher, Reto Guler
Summary: IL-4i1 deletion in mice improves protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, reduces bacterial burden, and alters immune cell responses.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenping Wei, Xiaofang Jiang, Li Zhang, Yunjun Yan, Jinyong Yan, Li Xu, Chun-Hui Gao, Min Yang
Summary: A transcription factor called CasR was identified in this study, which can bind to the upstream DNA sequence of the CRISPR-Cas gene cluster and regulate the expression of cas genes. The findings provide new insights into the regulatory effect of CasR on the expression of CRISPR-associated genes in mycobacteria.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tarina Sharma, Jasdeep Singh, Sonam Grover, P. Manjunath, Firdos Firdos, Anwar Alam, Nasreen Z. Ehtesham, Seyed E. Hasnain
Summary: The study reveals the calcium-dependent function of the PGRS domain of Rv0297 in M.tb virulence and pathogenesis, indicating previously unidentified roles of calcium-modulated PE_PGRS proteins. Understanding the pathogenic potential of Ca2+ dependent proteins could be beneficial for therapeutic interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
K. S. Anoop, Y. Anilkumar, M. Santosh, Bing Yu, K. Delna Joy, K. Kavyanjali, Ajana Sathyan, Anjana Mathew, K. S. Sajinkumar
Summary: This study reports the presence of a layered intrusion at the northern margin of the Coorg Block and investigates its magmatic and metamorphic evolution, as well as the collisional event between the Coorg Block and the Dharwar Craton.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Mu. Ramkumar, K. Balasubramani, M. Santosh, R. Nagarajan
Summary: Plastic pollution has become a severe global environmental issue that requires urgent management and mitigation. Recent studies on plastic pollution have increased significantly, but there are inconsistencies and limitations in comparing and replicating data. This paper proposes an integrated classification approach to unify the different aspects of plastics and address some data-related issues.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jun Hu, Wenwu Yang, Sanzhong Li, Yanyan Zhao, M. Santosh, Haijun Zhang, Chunhong Zhang, Juanjuan Tan, Xin Shao, Yingxiong Cai
Summary: This article describes the discovery of an early Neoproterozoic hematite-rich BIF in South China and reconstructs the depositional environment through the study of geochemical features and isotopic data. The findings suggest the existence of a shallow-water restricted epicontinental basin with exchange to the open-ocean, as well as riverine and hydrothermal input. The deposition of the Shilu BIF took place along the chemocline, with the abiotic oxidation of Fe2+ being the major means of Fe3+ precipitation.
PRECAMBRIAN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Muthuvairavasamy Ramkumar, Al Fathima, Ramasamy Nagarajan, M. Santosh, David Menier
Summary: This study presents geochemical, mineralogical, and petrographic analyses of the Santonian-Campanian stratigraphic records of the Sillakkudi Formation in the Cauvery Basin, southern India. The results indicate spatial and temporal variations in weathering, erosion, and deposition, with physical erosion prevailing during the initial stages and increasing chemical weathering during later stages. The study also highlights the impact of tectonic changes, atmospheric temperature increase, and sea-level rise on the depositional system during this period. The findings emphasize the importance of considering both source area and depositional setting changes in studies investigating tectonic setting, provenance, and weathering.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
ZhongJie Shen, M. Santosh, Alireza Arabameri
Summary: Land subsidence is a challenging geo-hazard caused by overexploitation of groundwater and underground cavity collapse. Predicting and mitigating this hazard is difficult due to limitations in monitoring and knowledge. Remote sensing and GPS can help locate and map subsidence, but proper susceptibility maps are generally lacking. Machine learning techniques show promise in preparing these maps, and their application can help prevent natural and human catastrophes and reduce economic losses.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jiahao Chen, Qingfei Wang, M. Santosh, Long Qiao, Tingyi Wang, Yanning Wang, Qizuan Zhang
Summary: Detrital zircon analysis and thermochronology were conducted to study the plate boundary dynamics and basin sedimentation in the southwestern South China Block. Results indicate different provenances and tectonic events during the Early and Middle Triassic, with the turbidite system being primarily controlled by Palaeo-Pacific subduction in the Early Triassic and experiencing the impact of both Palaeo-Pacific subduction and Indochina Block collision in the Middle Triassic.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Raja Sen, Dibyashakti Panda, Bhaskar Kundu, M. Santosh
Summary: Using data from geodetic measurements and tomography, we propose that the Narmada-Son palaeo-rift is a current diffuse plate boundary that divides the Indian composite plate into two component plates. The collision of the South-Indian plate with the Narmada-Son boundary acts as a pivot point, causing torque and mechanical rotation. Our model aligns with the estimated relative Euler pole positions and explains the Indian composite plate hypothesis, topographic diversity along the rift, and deformation styles across the diffuse plate boundary.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hengxu Li, Zhaochong Zhang, Bingxiang Liu, Yilun Jin, M. Santosh
Summary: Multiple types of deposits can form from a single magmatic-hydrothermal system. Identification of the link among different styles of deposits is crucial for understanding the evolution of magmatic-hydrothermal systems and exploring for ore deposits.
JOURNAL OF ASIAN EARTH SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zheng Ji, Wen-Chun Ge, M. Santosh, Chuan-Biao Wan, Yan-Long Zhang, Jun-Hui Bi, Hao Yang, Yu Dong, Yan Jing
Summary: The closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean along the Solonker Suture in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt is investigated. The rocks in the area show characteristics of subduction-related processes and partial melting of the mantle. The tectonic evolution of the region involves double-sided subduction, soft collision, and post-collisional extension.
GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ruixuan Zhang, Zhiguo Cheng, Zhaochong Zhang, Zhen Chen, Richard Ernst, M. Santosh
Summary: This study applies machine learning methods to global datasets of basalts to investigate the role of fluids in the formation of large igneous provinces (LIPs). The results show that the basalts of Tarim LIP in northwestern China exhibit a spatial decrease in their island arc affinity from northeast to southwest, suggesting the influence of fluids released from earlier southward oceanic subduction. Temporally, the decline in fluid activity from 290 Ma basalts to 270 Ma mafic dykes indicates a decrease in fusible components in the mantle source and the generation of a strengthened lithosphere. This study provides new insights into the crucial role of fluids in LIP generation, particularly those associated with ancient subducted slabs.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Dingying Yang, Xi Jiang, Alireza Arabameri, M. Santosh, Johnbosco C. Egbueri
Summary: This study investigates the influence of sample size on the precision of landslide susceptibility modelling using a machine learning methodology. The researchers find that increasing the sample size improves the accuracy of the models and highlight the reliability of a multi-scenario strategy. The findings have important implications for land-use planning and catastrophe risk management.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yang Wang, Yongfeng Gao, Shengchuan Xu, M. Santosh, Tianjia Jiao
Summary: The Chagan Obo shear zone in central Inner Mongolia is important for understanding the convergence between the North China-Mongolia and Siberia continents. Three deformation zones were identified within the shear zone, and their structural and kinematic characteristics were investigated. Shear indicators such as foliations, mica fish, sigma-type structures, and asymmetric folds suggest thrusting through compression. Muscovite ages indicate that the convergence lasted from Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. Shoshonitic volcanism and rift basins in the region indicate orogenic collapse in the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Weidong Ren, Fan Yang, Zesheng Qian, Chao Liu, Xinyuan Li, M. Santosh, Fei Xue
Summary: The Shibaogou and Laojunshan plutons in the Luanchuan region, China, are high heat production granites linked to I-, A-, and partly S- type granitoids, aiding in the formation of associated polymetallic deposits. The RHP values of granitoids in the region vary from 1.7 to 14.44, with higher values correlated to higher magma differentiation. These high RHP value intrusions show genetic links with high economic deposits. The RHP contour mapping also identifies potential zones for Mo-W exploration.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Han-Hui Wang, Li Tang, M. Santosh, Li-Hui Jia, Tao Zeng, Yuan-Ming Sheng
Summary: In this study, garnet amphibolites from the Wanzi Group in the Fuping Complex along the Trans-North China Orogen (TNCO) were investigated. Petrological features and phase equilibrium modelling revealed a sequential increase in pressure and temperature during the metamorphic process. Zircon U-Pb dating showed that the garnet amphibolites experienced a long-lived post-peak decompression and cooling process during 1.90-1.76 Ga, leading to the final assembly of the North China Craton.
GEOLOGICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brian A. Lewis, Subhendu Kumar Das, Rajiv Kumar Jha, David Levens
Summary: This study reveals the existence of dense and transcriptionally active biomolecular condensates (BMCs) in the nucleus, which can represent the physiological nuclear environment. This finding is crucial for further understanding transcriptional regulation mechanisms.