Article
Food Science & Technology
Mingzhu Yan, Suwei Jin, Zhi Wang, Tianji Xia, Yongguang Liu, Qi Chang
Summary: Limonin, a compound found in citrus fruits, has been found to effectively combat obesity by reducing fat mass and body weight gain, and improving fatty liver and hyperlipidemia caused by a high-fat diet. It also promotes the browning of white adipose tissues and prevents the whitening of brown adipose tissue in mice. These effects are associated with the activation of PGC-1 alpha pathway. Overall, limonin shows great potential for regulating energy balance and treating obesity.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Carmen Rodriguez-Rivera, Laura Santin Moreda, Luis F. Alguacil, Fernando Escriva, Carmen Alvarez, Carmen Gonzalez-Martin
Summary: There is a relationship between the distribution of fat mass, metabolic disorders, and increased risk of morbidity and mortality. In obese animals, there is a significant increase in white fat deposits, while undernourished animals show possible transformations between types of adipose tissues. The discovery of beige adipose tissue has led to thoughts on the adaptability of different cells in adipose tissue under pathological conditions.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wenting Wan, Xianchen Jiang, Ruifang Zhao, Fenfen Cai, Fan Wu, Yunqi Hu, Xiaoqin Zhou, Zhipeng Liu, Yujuan Shan
Summary: The study suggests that consumption of whole grain foods can benefit individuals with type 2 diabetes. The effects of germinated brown rice (GBR) intervention on the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) in patients with type 2 diabetes were evaluated. The results show that GBR intervention improves insulin resistance and accelerates the catabolism of BCAAs.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ra-Yeong Choi, Mi-Kyung Lee
Summary: The study demonstrated that the Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. hot water extract had an anti-obesity effect in high-fat diet-induced obese mice by suppressing lipogenesis in white adipose tissue, leading to normalization of lipid metabolism in brown adipose tissue.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ruping Pan, Yong Chen
Summary: Obesity is characterized by the overaccumulation of white adipose tissue in the body, leading to various metabolic disorders. Targeting human thermogenic adipose tissues shows promise in combating obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sindre Lee, Hanne L. Gulseth, Torgrim M. Langleite, Frode Norheim, Thomas Olsen, Helga Refsum, Jorgen Jensen, Kare Birkeland, Christian A. Drevon
Summary: The study found that obesity and insulin resistance are associated with elevated plasma levels of BCAAs, and insulin sensitivity is correlated with BCAA levels in the body. Global mRNA-sequencing pathway analysis revealed reduced BCAA metabolism in individuals with insulin resistance compared to normal individuals at baseline. Additionally, exercise for 12 weeks was shown to increase BCAA metabolism in both groups, as indicated by enhanced expression of the gene encoding BCKDH.
Article
Cell Biology
Kiyoto Nishi, Akira Yoshii, Lauren Abell, Bo Zhou, Ricardo Frausto, Julia Ritterhoff, Timothy S. McMillen, Ian Sweet, Yibin Wang, Chen Gao, Rong Tian
Summary: It was found that deficiency of Ppm1k leads to reduced metabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and protects against obesity-induced glucose intolerance. Accumulation of branched-chain keto acids (BCKAs) inhibits glucose production in liver cells. It was observed that BCKAs suppress the activity of liver mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) and pyruvate-supported respiration. Selective suppression of pyruvate-supported gluconeogenesis was seen in Ppm1k-deficient mice and could be restored through pharmacological activation of BCKA catabolism by BT2. Furthermore, liver MPC was found to be most sensitive to circulating BCKA levels, making it a sensor of BCAA metabolism.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Kuiliang Zhang, Juan Sun, Mingcong Fan, Haifeng Qian, Hao Ying, Yan Li, Li Wang
Summary: Activation and recruitment of brown adipose tissue are effective for treating obesity and related diseases. Functional ingredients in wholegrains positively affect the activity of brown adipocytes and browning of white adipocytes, contributing to the control of obesity and energy metabolism.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Woo Yong Park, Gahee Song, Mina Boo, Hyo In Kim, Ja Yeon Park, Se Jin Jung, Minji Choi, Beomsu Kim, Young Doo Kim, Myung-Ho Kim, Kwan-Il Kim, Hyun Jeong Kwak, Jungtae Leem, Jae-Young Um, Jinbong Park
Summary: Obesity is a global health burden. The AMGB decoction, a multi-herb decoction, has shown clinical anti-obesity effects by suppressing body weight gain and obesity-related parameters, as well as inducing lipolysis in adipose tissues.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Isabel Heyde, Kimberly Begemann, Henrik Oster
Summary: The text discusses the role of adipose tissue in the circadian regulation of energy metabolism, with white and brown adipose tissue playing different roles in energy regulation through the release of endocrine factors and heat production. Adipose tissue rhythms are regulated by systemic signals and local clocks, impacting metabolic homeostasis. Disruption of circadian rhythms in adipose tissue can lead to obesity and related issues, highlighting the importance of stabilizing adipose tissue rhythms for combatting disrupted energy homeostasis and obesity.
Review
Oncology
Er Xu, Bangju Ji, Ketao Jin, Yefeng Chen
Summary: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) play a crucial role in tumorigenesis and can influence tumor growth and progression. Increased levels of BCAAs have been associated with tumor growth inhibition, while a deficiency in BCAAs can promote tumor metastasis. BCAAs serve as nitrogen donors, contributing to the synthesis of macromolecules crucial for cancer cell growth. This review discusses the dual role of BCAAs in cancer and provides insights into their potential as therapeutic interventions.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Yuqiu Wang, Junmin Li, Dayun Lu, Qian Meng, Nixue Song, Hu Zhou, Xiao Xiao, Liming Sun, Hongwen Zhu
Summary: This study investigated the molecular and cellular mechanisms of diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) in response to high fat diet (HFD) by proteome and phosphoproteome analysis. The findings indicated that Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and its phosphorylation were increased in brown adipose tissue (BAT) after HFD, along with upregulated proteins related to fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial functions. In contrast, most metabolic-related proteins were downregulated in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT), accompanied by decreased mitochondrial proteins and inactivated kinases. These findings provide valuable insights into the differential regulatory networks of HFD in BAT and sWAT.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Okamatsu-Ogura Yuko, Masayuki Saito
Summary: The article provides an overview of brown adipose tissue (BAT), including its functions in health and diseases, the development of inducible thermogenic adipocytes (beige adipocytes), the diversity of thermogenic mechanisms, and BAT's influence on peripheral tissues and systemic homeostasis.
DIABETES & METABOLISM JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xinmin Qian, Xia Meng, Shan Zhang, Wenwen Zeng
Summary: White adipose tissues are energy reserves and endocrine organs in the body, regulated by intercellular communications and neuronal control. Cellular diversity in response to energy states contributes to metabolic homeostasis and potential therapeutic opportunities for metabolic disorders are highlighted.
Article
Cell Biology
Yimeng Hu, Jian Lv, Yu Fang, Qiang Luo, Yuan He, Lili Li, Mingxia Fan, Zhihua Wang
Summary: Crtc1(-/-) mice developed obesity due to abnormal expansion of white adipocytes, independent of changes in food intake or energy expenditure. These mice also showed increased insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, indicating a crucial role of Crtc1 in regulating lipid metabolism in adipose tissue.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elia Navarro-Masip, Alexandre Caron, Miquel Mulero, Lluis Arola, Gerard Aragones
Summary: Energy homeostasis and metabolism in mammals are influenced by seasonal changes, with variations in photoperiod patterns driving adaptations in body weight and adiposity. Humans also show distinct patterns of energy balance depending on the season, being more susceptible to weight gain during specific times of the year. Changes in body weight are mainly reflected in adipose tissue, which is highly affected by circannual rhythms. These metabolic adaptations involve molecular modifications and disruptions in the seasonal responses are associated with increased risk of obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olivier Lavoie, Natalie Jane Michael, Alexandre Caron
Summary: The discovery of leptin in 1994 provided new opportunities to understand energy balance and glucose metabolism. However, the prevailing model of the leptin-melanocortin system is outdated. Recent advances have shown that leptin directly acts on ARC POMC neurons to regulate glucose metabolism, while non-POMC neurons mediate its effects on energy balance.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Charles Colas, Mathilde Mouchiroud, Manal Al Dow, Alona Kolnohuz, Yves Gelinas, Alexandre Caron, Mathieu Laplante
Summary: DEPTOR is a protein that regulates brown adipocyte development and activation, and its expression levels are dynamically regulated during cold exposure and brown adipocyte development.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Luis Felipe Galvao Valdivia, Erique Castro, Rosangela Aparecida dos Santos Eichler, Mayara Franzoi Moreno, Erica de Sousa, Giovanna Freitas Rodrigues Jardim, Albert Souza Peixoto, Maria Nathalia Moraes, Ana Maria de Lauro Castrucci, Jan Nedergaard, Natasa Petrovic, William T. Festuccia, Patricia Reckziegel
Summary: This study found that cold acclimation and PPARγ agonism combined have additive effects in increasing UCP1 content and thermogenic capacity in brown and beige adipocytes, but do not increase basal energy expenditure.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adriano B. Chaves-Filho, Albert S. Peixoto, Erique Castro, Tiago E. Oliveira, Luiz A. Perandini, Rafael J. Moreira, Railmara P. Da Silva, Beatriz P. Da Silva, Eduardo H. Moretti, Alexandre A. Steiner, Sayuri Miyamoto, Marcos Y. Yoshinaga, William T. Festuccia
Summary: The deletion of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) in adipocytes leads to severe lipoatrophy and metabolic disorders. This study found that this condition results in the depletion of essential fatty acids and increased lipid metabolism in the liver, leading to liver enlargement and fatty liver. The activation of both fatty acid oxidation and de novo lipogenesis in the liver creates a futile metabolic cycle and contributes to the depletion of specific fatty acids.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Emergency Medicine
Sophie Gilbert, Francis Desmeules, Marcel emond, Pierre-Gilles Blanchard
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yujiao Zu, Mandana Pahlavani, Latha Ramalingam, Shasika Jayarathne, Jose Andrade, Shane Scoggin, William T. Festuccia, Nishan S. Kalupahana, Naima Moustaid-Moussa
Summary: Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is a central player in thermogenic tissues, but eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) can induce thermogenic effects independently of UCP1. In this study, the impact of ambient temperature on EPA-induced thermogenesis in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) was investigated in both wild-type (WT) and UCP1 knockout (KO) male mice. The results showed that the thermogenic effects of EPA occurred in a temperature-dependent manner and were independent of UCP1 in SAT-derived adipocytes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Camila S. Balbino-Silva, Gisele K. Couto, Caroline A. Lino, Tabatha de Oliveira-Silva, Guilherme Lunardon, Zhan-Peng Huang, William T. Festuccia, Maria Luiza Barreto-Chaves, Da-Zhi Wang, Luciana V. Rossoni, Gabriela P. Diniz
Summary: This study found that miRNA-22 plays an important role in vascular reactivity and obesity-induced PVAT dysfunction, and its deletion attenuates the impact of obesity on the anticontractile effect of PVAT.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Albert S. Peixoto, Mayara F. Moreno, Erique Castro, Luiz A. Perandini, Thiago Belchior, Tiago E. Oliveira, Thayna S. Vieira, Gustavo R. Gilio, Caroline A. Tomazelli, Bianca F. Leonardi, Milene Ortiz-Silva, Luciano P. Silva Junior, Eduardo H. Moretti, Alexandre A. Steiner, William T. Festuccia
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) significantly increases the secretion of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), leading to enhanced thermogenesis in brown and white adipose tissues. However, this thermogenic effect is not observed in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and HCC induced by Pten deletion in hepatocytes. The impaired thermogenic capacity is associated with altered levels of FGF-21, UCP-1, and other related molecules.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Nader Srour, Olivier Lavoie, Axelle Khouma, Moein Minbashi Moeini, Julie Plamondon, Richard Kinkead, Natalie J. Michael, Alexandre Caron
Summary: This study aims to determine the differences in leptin responsiveness of POMC neurons in the arcuate nucleus and the retrochiasmatic area, and provides insights into the electrophysiological properties of a specific subpopulation of POMC neurons. The results indicate that sex is not a major determinant of basal properties and leptin responsiveness of POMC neurons, but females show overall lower responsiveness to leptin.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Axelle Khouma, Moein Minbashi Moeini, Julie Plamondon, Denis Richard, Alexandre Caron, Natalie Jane Michael
Summary: Histamine, a neuromodulator in the brain, contributes to the regulation of various physiological processes, including energy balance, through histaminergic signaling in the hypothalamus. Two histamine receptors, H1R and H3R, play important roles in key hypothalamic nuclei involved in energy homeostasis. Activation of H1R suppresses food intake, while activation of H3R stimulates appetite. The central histaminergic system is implicated in weight gain induced by atypical antipsychotics and has potential as a therapeutic target for obesity treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Milene Ortiz-Silva, Bianca F. Leonardi, Erique Castro, Albert S. Peixoto, Gustavo R. Gilio, Tiago E. Oliveira, Caroline A. Tomazelli, Maynara L. Andrade, Mayara F. Moreno, Thiago Belchior, Juliana Magdalon, Thayna S. Vieira, Carlos M. Donado-Pestana, William T. Festuccia
Summary: Chloroquine diphosphate (CQ) improves glucose and lipid homeostasis, reduces body weight and adiposity in diet-induced obese mice through mechanisms that might involve increased fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21) levels.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emilie Steinbach, Davide Masi, Agnes Ribeiro, Patricia Serradas, Tiphaine Le Roy, Karine Clement
Summary: The study of the gut microbiome is crucial for understanding and treating metabolic diseases. While research on the fecal microbiome has provided valuable insights, relying solely on this may not be enough to draw comprehensive conclusions. The microbiome in the proximal part of the small intestine may play a significant role in metabolic regulation, but further exploration is needed due to limited accessibility.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Evangelia Chavdoula, Vollter Anastas, Alessandro La Ferlita, Julian Aldana, Giuseppe Carota, Mariarita Spampinato, Burak Soysal, Ilaria Cosentini, Sameer Parashar, Anuvrat Sircar, Giovanni Nigita, Lalit Sehgal, Michael A. Freitas, Philip N. Tsichlis
Summary: This study reveals the important role of KDM2B in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). KDM2B affects cellular resistance to oxidative stress by regulating a network of genes and metabolic enzymes, in collaboration with ATF4 and MYC. Additionally, high expression of KDM2B is associated with poor prognosis in patients.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Joongmin Kim, Hyeongsoo Kim, Sang Hyun Park, Yura Kang, Kyungdo Han, Sang-Hak Lee
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the optimal LDL-C level after statin therapy in individuals with intermediate cardiovascular risk. The results showed that achieving LDL-C levels <120 mg/dL after statin therapy could lower the event risk.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ze Chen, Li -Ping Xia, Lang Shen, Dan Xu, Yu Guo, Hui Wang
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that NAFLD has an intrauterine origin, with adverse prenatal environments and glucocorticoid exposure playing a crucial role in the developmental programming of fetal hepatic lipid metabolism. The offspring's glucocorticoid-insulin-like growth factor 1 (GC-IGF1) axis is programmed in utero, leading to postnatal catch-up growth and disrupted glucose and lipid metabolism, increasing susceptibility to NAFLD. Mismatch between intrauterine and postnatal environments can further disturb the programmed endocrine axes and accelerate the onset of NAFLD.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fuwen Zuo, Youzhao Wang, Xinlei Xu, Ruihao Ding, Wei Tang, Yu Sun, Xiaojie Wang, Yan Zhang, Jichao Wu, Yusheng Xie, Min Liu, Ziying Wang, Fan Yi
Summary: This study investigates the role of CCDC92 in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The expression of CCDC92 was found to increase in kidney biopsies from patients with DKD and was correlated with glomerular lipid accumulation. Animal studies further confirmed the induction of CCDC92 in the kidney, particularly in podocytes, and the podocyte-specific deletion of Ccdc92 ameliorated podocyte injury and lipid deposition. CCDC92 was shown to promote podocyte lipotoxicity through ABCA1 signaling-mediated lipid homeostasis. Therefore, CCDC92 may serve as a potential biomarker of podocyte injury in DKD and targeting CCDC92 could be an innovative therapeutic strategy for DKD patients.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Khanyisani Ziqubu, Phiwayinkosi Dludla, Sihle E. Mabhida, Babalwa U. Jack, Susanne Keipert, Martin Jastroch, Sithandiwe E. Mazibuko-Mbeje
Summary: The discovery and revival of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in adult humans have opened up new possibilities for treating obesity and metabolic diseases. BAT not only plays a role in generating heat, but also secretes signaling molecules known as batokines, which regulate overall metabolism. This review highlights the importance of BAT-derived metabolites in controlling thermogenesis, substrate metabolism, and other biological processes, as well as their potential to alleviate obesity and related metabolic complications.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)