Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kamila P. Liput, Adam Lepczynski, Magdalena Ogluszka, Agata Nawrocka, Ewa Polawska, Agata Grzesiak, Brygida Slaska, Chandra S. Pareek, Urszula Czarnik, Mariusz Pierzchala
Summary: It is recommended to reduce saturated fatty acids (SFA) and increase polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) n-3 and n-6 in the diet to lower the risk of metabolic disorders. Western-type diet often contains excessive n-6 PUFAs and a high n-6/n-3 ratio. Oxylipins derived from n-3 and n-6 PUFAs play a role in inflammation, while PUFAs have varying effects on cell growth, proliferation, and neoplastic lesion progression, as observed in in vitro studies, animal models, and epidemiological studies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ivana Djuricic, Philip C. Calder
Summary: Oxidative stress and inflammation are important contributors to chronic non-communicable diseases. Different types of fatty acids have varying effects on chronic diseases, with moderate intake of Ω-6 fatty acids lowering the risk of cardiovascular diseases and Ω-3 fatty acids helping to reduce inflammation levels.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
J. Stanhiser, A. M. Z. Jukic, D. R. McConnaughey, A. Z. Steiner
Summary: The study found that self-reported use of omega-3 fatty acid supplements was associated with an increased probability of conceiving.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberta Cardim Lessa, Fabio de Abreu Alves, Erika Fortunati, Jun Lu
Summary: Oral mucositis (OM) is a painful condition caused by cancer treatments, impacting patients' quality of life and recovery. Current management strategies are insufficient, necessitating a search for new approaches. Utilizing ω-3 fatty acids to manage OM may be an effective strategy based on preliminary evidence.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daniel Rodriguez, Carl J. Lavie, Andrew Elagizi, Richard V. Milani
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of using omega-3 fatty acids in cardiovascular diseases and summarizes related research and recommendations.
Review
Psychiatry
Katherine H. O. Deane, Oluseyi F. Jimoh, Priti Biswas, Alex O'Brien, Sarah Hanson, Asmaa S. Abdelhamid, Chris Fox, Lee Hooper
Summary: The study found that increasing long-chain Omega-3 has little or no effect on preventing depression and anxiety symptoms, while increasing alpha-linolenic acid may slightly increase the risk of depression symptoms, but with low-quality evidence.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaitlyn B. Hartnett, Bradley J. Ferguson, Patrick M. Hecht, Luke E. Schuster, Joel I. Shenker, David R. Mehr, Kevin L. Fritsche, Martha A. Belury, Douglas W. Scharre, Adam J. Horwitz, Briana M. Kille, Briann E. Sutton, Paul E. Tatum, C. Michael Greenlief, David Q. Beversdorf
Summary: This pilot study aimed to explore the relationship between stress exposure and dietary omega-3 fatty acid intake in relation to the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results showed that among individuals with high stress exposure, healthy controls had significantly higher omega-3 fatty acid intake compared to AD patients. No difference was observed among those with low stress exposure. These preliminary findings suggest that omega-3 fatty acids may mitigate AD risk in the setting of greater stress exposure.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Roxana Coras, Brian Pedersen, Rekha Narasimhan, Anahy Brandy, Lourdes Mateo, Agueda Prior-Espanol, Arthur Kavanaugh, Aaron M. Armando, Mohit Jain, Oswald Quehenberger, Melania Martinez-Morillo, Monica Guma
Summary: The study revealed that arthritis symptoms in older adults were related to disturbances in serum oxylipins, suggesting that certain oxylipins may be key effectors in arthritis in this population.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Luisa Martins Miller, Flavia Benetti Piccinin, Ubele van der Velden, Sabrina Carvalho Gomes
Summary: This systematic review examined the additional effect of taking omega-3 supplements on non-surgical periodontal therapy. The results showed a high level of uncertainty and no definitive conclusion about the benefits of omega-3 supplementation. However, two six-month studies showed promising effects, which encourage further research with better-defined protocols and greater methodological rigor.
Article
Immunology
Akira Shikuma, Daisuke Kami, Ryotaro Maeda, Yosuke Suzuki, Arata Sano, Toshihiko Taya, Takehiro Ogata, Anne Konkel, Satoaki Matoba, Wolf-Hagen Schunck, Satoshi Gojo
Summary: EEQ-A exhibits potent anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, improving survival rate and reducing organ damage in sepsis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Lena Stiefvatter, Katja Lehnert, Konstantin Frick, Alexander Montoya-Arroyo, Jan Frank, Walter Vetter, Ulrike Schmid-Staiger, Stephan C. Bischoff
Summary: The microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT) is a valuable source of nutrients such as proteins, polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), carotenoids like fucoxanthin (FX), and beta-glucans. Intake of PT leads to an increase in n-3 PUFA and EPA levels, while also decreasing the n-6:n-3 ratio in plasma. The study shows that PT is a safe and effective source of EPA and other nutrients, suggesting its potential as a sustainable food source.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Peng Wang, Kun Xiang, Yuan-Yuan Xu, Yi-Sheng He, Yu-Qian Hu, Jing Ni, Hai-Feng Pan
Summary: This study conducted Mendelian randomization analysis and found a causal relationship between genetically determined increase in omega-3 levels and increased risk for SLE. However, there was no significant causal effect of omega-6 on the risk for SLE. Additionally, there was no significant causal association between genetic predisposition to SLE and changes in omega-3 and omega-6 levels. These findings have implications for dietary recommendations.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Xuefei Li, Zhengjie Lu, Yongjian Qi, Biao Chen, Bin Li
Summary: This study used the Mendelian randomization approach to explore the potential causal relationships between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and osteoarthritis (OA), and found that higher levels of omega-6 fatty acids may reduce the risk of knee OA and hip OA. These results highlight the importance of maintaining optimal levels of PUFAs, especially omega-6 fatty acids, in individuals with a genetic predisposition to OA.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Dimitra Karageorgou, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos, Petros Katapodis, Leonidas Matsakas, Alok Patel
Summary: This review summarizes the role of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, determined by chain length, saturation degree, and position of double bonds, in human health. It highlights oleaginous microalgae as a reliable, economical, and sustainable source of these fatty acids. Humans cannot synthesize these fatty acids and need to absorb them through the diet. The demand for microbial omega-3 fatty acids is increasing due to the growing prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and changing dietary preferences. The importance of a healthy immune system, especially following the COVID-19 pandemic, has further strengthened the market for omega-3 fatty acids.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jia Luo, Honghan Ge, Jing Sun, Kangyu Hao, Wenqin Yao, Dongfeng Zhang
Summary: Our study suggests that ω-6 fatty acid consumption and the ω-6:ω-3 ratio are positively associated with the risk of sleep disorders, while the negative relationship between ω-3 fatty acids and sleep disorders may only be present in men. Additionally, consumption of ω-3 and ω-6 fatty acids is linked to a reduced risk of non-normal sleep duration.
Article
Neurosciences
Suleman Hussain, Daniel Lawer Egbenya, Yi-Chen Lai, Zita J. Dosa, Jakob B. Sorensen, Anne E. Anderson, Svend Davanger
Article
Neurosciences
Malte Bieler, Suleman Hussain, Elise S. B. Daaland, Martine M. Mirrione, Fritz A. Henn, Svend Davanger
Summary: This study identified significant concentration differences in synaptic proteins such as NMDAR, Arc and syntaxin-1 in a congenital rat learned helplessness model of depression. These protein changes suggest pathways by which synaptic plasticity may be increased in dorsal hippocampal Schaffer collateral synapses during depression, corresponding to decreased synaptic stability.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2021)