Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
McKenzie A. Kuhn, Ruth K. Varner, David Bastviken, Patrick Crill, Sally MacIntyre, Merritt Turetsky, Katey Walter Anthony, Anthony D. McGuire, David Olefeldt
Summary: Methane emissions from boreal and arctic regions are globally significant and highly sensitive to climate change. The study highlights the differences in estimates of methane fluxes using bottom-up and top-down approaches for high-latitude regions. The comprehensive dataset BAWLD-CH4 provides valuable information for future research opportunities and model validation in high-latitude ecosystems.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
A. Korrensalo, I. Mammarella, P. Alekseychik, T. Vesala, E-S. Tuittila
Summary: Our study found that plant species influence the magnitude of ecosystem-scale methane emissions through their properties of methane transport. The drivers of methane transport were better explained by plant species, leaf greenness and area than by environmental variables. Moreover, leaves appeared to transport methane even after senescence, suggesting a potential ongoing contribution to methane emissions.
Article
Ecology
Alexandre Lhosmot, Adrien Jacotot, Marc Steinmann, Philippe Binet, Marie-Laure Toussaint, Sebastien Gogo, Daniel Gilbert, Sarah Coffinet, Fatima Laggoun-Deffarge, Guillaume Bertrand
Summary: This study investigates the variability of methane fluxes in a temperate mid-altitude Sphagnum-dominated peatland. The results show that water table and temperature variations at the seasonal and interannual scale have a significant impact on methane flux. The diurnal patterns indicate higher methane flux at night and lower flux at midday, with the influence of photosynthesis and physical parameters. This study emphasizes the importance of considering diurnal variations and vegetation effects before upscaling methane flux to longer time scales.
Article
Environmental Sciences
R. M. McDonald, P. A. Moore, M. Helbig, J. M. Waddington
Summary: Climate-mediated drying can reduce gross primary productivity (GPP) and increase ecosystem respiration (ER) in shallow Boreal Shield peatlands, making them vulnerable to a weaker carbon sink function and potential net carbon loss.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Jorge A. Ramirez, Nadav Peleg, Andy J. Baird, Dylan M. Young, Paul J. Morris, Marie Larocque, Michelle Garneau
Summary: DigiBog is modified to simulate peat accumulation in boreal peatlands and replicated peat accumulation at two high boreal latitude peatlands in Quebec, Canada. The model can replicate peat thickness and age-depth profiles, but not long-term fluctuations in water-table depths. Possible explanation for the underperformance is the stability in climatic drivers.
ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Antonin Prijac, Laure Gandois, Laurent Jeanneau, Pierre Taillardat, Michelle Garneau
Summary: Pools are common features of peatlands and play an important role in the carbon cycle. This study found that the majority of carbon emitted from pools in a boreal peatland originates from plant-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). The composition and dynamics of DOM in pools and peat porewater differ, indicating that pools are a key component of peatland ecosystems.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anna Marshall, Emily Iskin, Ellen Wohl
Summary: The study found that the majority of CPOM is transported in suspension, with a lag effect. Additionally, it was observed that CPOM export mainly occurs during periods of high discharge. Researchers also analyzed the transport processes of CPOM through sampling.
RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Thomas Schindler, Katerina Machacova, Ulo Mander, Jordi Escuer-Gatius, Kaido Soosaar
Summary: Tree stems play a crucial role in the dynamics of forest methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) flux, acting as a transporter for soil-produced gases rather than a producer. Seasonal dynamics were observed due to changing environmental conditions, but no significant diurnal variability in greenhouse gas fluxes between daytime and nighttime was found in this study.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Boquan Lu, Liquan Song, Shuying Zang, Hanxi Wang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of temperature and moisture on carbon emissions in permafrost peatlands. The results showed that warming and decreased moisture content both increased soil carbon emissions, but their effects on CO2 and CH4 emissions differed.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xiong-Fei Zhang, Nan-Hai Zhong, Rui Li, Fu-Xi Shi, Rong Mao
Summary: Increased N availability in boreal peatlands due to climate warming and atmospheric nitrogen deposition alters decomposition dynamics of plant litter, particularly for litter mixtures. It was found that increased N availability reduces the decomposition effects of litter mixtures, and this change is more pronounced in areas with low litter quality.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Caren Ackley, Suzanne E. Tank, Kristine M. Haynes, Fereidoun Rezanezhad, Colin McCarter, William L. Quinton
Summary: The study reveals that low-severity wildfires have the potential to impact peat plateau-wetland complexes by accelerating snowmelt, increasing ground heat flux, altering subsurface thickness, and reducing preferential runoff pathways. The incorporation of ash and char into the peat matrix changes soil structure, promoting greater soil moisture retention and enhancing biogeochemical reactions, resulting in elevated concentrations of organic matter and mercury in pore water.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Shahjahon Begmatov, Alexey V. V. Beletsky, Svetlana N. N. Dedysh, Andrey V. V. Mardanov, Nikolai V. V. Ravin
Summary: Uncultured bacteria of the candidate phylum MBNT15 have been identified in various aquatic environments. They play a role as scavengers in wetland ecosystems and have the ability to completely mineralize organic substances. These bacteria have a facultatively anaerobic chemoheterotrophic lifestyle and can ferment substrates and perform aerobic and anaerobic respiration, including dissimilatory iron reduction.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Fenghui Yuan, Yihui Wang, Daniel M. Ricciuto, Xiaoying Shi, Fengming Yuan, Thomas Brehme, Scott Bridgham, Jason Keller, Jeffrey M. Warren, Natalie A. Griffiths, Stephen D. Sebestyen, Paul J. Hanson, Peter E. Thornton, Xiaofeng Xu
Summary: Peatland carbon cycling is crucial for greenhouse gas exchange, with warming and elevated CO2 levels impacting methane emission directly and indirectly through hydrological processes. The ELM-SPRUCE model demonstrates the importance of water table in regulating methane dynamics, showing that while warming increases methane emission, hydrological feedbacks can mitigate this effect. The impact of CO2 on hydrological feedback is less pronounced, highlighting the significance of understanding these feedback mechanisms for accurate projections of peatland methane flux under climate warming.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Elisa Vainio, Iikka P. Haikarainen, Katerina Machacova, Anuliina Putkinen, Minna Santalahti, Markku Koskinen, Hannu Fritze, Tero Tuomivirta, Mari Pihlatie
Summary: Studies on tree CH4 exchange in boreal forests are rare, and this research aimed to quantify the contribution of boreal trees to the forest CH4 budget during spring leaf-out and to reveal the role of microbes in the CH4 exchange. The results showed that the stem CH4 flux varied between different tree species and habitats, with high emissions detected from downy birch at fen sites. The lack of detection of methanogens or methanotrophs in the aboveground plant tissues suggested that these microbes did not have a significant role in the observed tree-derived fluxes.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Matthew C. Elmes, Eric Kessel, Corey M. Wells, George Sutherland, Jonathan S. Price, Merrin L. Macrae, Richard M. Petrone
Summary: The removal of a disturbed fen in the AOSR following the removal of a temporary road led to a decrease in hydraulic conductivity and water discharge, but three years later, both measures showed signs of recovery. Additionally, changes in water chemistry were observed, with some parameters showing significant differences between different areas of the fen before and after road removal.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Jan Tumajer, Tobias Scharnweber, Marko Smiljanic, Martin Wilmking
Summary: Understanding the effects of temperature and moisture on radial growth is crucial for assessing the impacts of climate change on carbon and water cycles. This study analysed sub-daily growth dynamics of 35 trees and found that the growth patterns were more influenced by vapor pressure deficit (VPD) than temperature, and different tree species exhibited different growth patterns.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Donatella Zona, Peter M. Lafleur, Koen Hufkens, Barbara Bailey, Beniamino Gioli, George Burba, Jordan P. Goodrich, Anna K. Liljedahl, Eugenie S. Euskirchen, Jennifer D. Watts, Mary Farina, John S. Kimball, Martin Heimann, Mathias Goeckede, Martijn Pallandt, Torben R. Christensen, Mikhail Mastepanov, Efren Lopez-Blanco, Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski, Albertus J. Dolman, Luca Belelli Marchesini, Roisin Commane, Steven C. Wofsy, Charles E. Miller, David A. Lipson, Josh Hashemi, Kyle A. Arndt, Lars Kutzbach, David Holl, Julia Boike, Christian Wille, Torsten Sachs, Aram Kalhori, Xia Song, Xiaofeng Xu, Elyn R. Humphreys, Charles D. Koven, Oliver Sonnentag, Gesa Meyer, Gabriel H. Gosselin, Philip Marsh, Walter C. Oechel
Summary: Arctic warming affects snow cover and soil hydrology, impacting carbon sequestration in tundra ecosystems. A study using 119 site-years of data found that earlier snowmelt is linked to increased CO2 sequestration and primary productivity in June and July, but decreased sequestration and productivity in August. Despite higher evapotranspiration, there was no significant decrease in soil moisture with earlier snowmelt, and no evidence of water stress affecting late-season productivity. This suggests that if tundra ecosystems cannot continue sequestering CO2 later in the growing season, the expected increase in CO2 sequestration due to Arctic warming may not materialize.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Karolina Janecka, Sandra Metslaid, Marek Metslaid, Jill E. Harvey, Martin Wilmking
Summary: Coastal dunes near the Baltic Sea, characterized by Scots pine forests, are affected by water shortages and climate extremes. Using tree rings, this study assessed the impact of droughts and cold winters on coastal forest growth. The findings indicate that Scots pine is particularly sensitive to cold winters.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Fabrice Lacroix, Soenke Zaehle, Silvia Caldararu, Joerg Schaller, Peter Stimmler, David Holl, Lars Kutzbach, Mathias Goeckede
Summary: Increased nutrient availability following permafrost thawing affects the biogeochemical cycling, greenhouse gas exchange, and nitrous oxide emissions in high Arctic ecosystems. However, there is a weak fertilization effect due to a mismatch between the timing of peak vegetative growth and peak thaw depth, resulting in incomplete plant use of nutrients near the permafrost table.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Melanie Zacharias, Timo Pampuch, Benjamin Dauphin, Lars Opgenoorth, Carl Roland, Martin Schnittler, Martin Wilmking, Manuela Bog, Katrin Heer
Summary: Climate change is causing more frequent and intense drought events in boreal forests, which have significant impacts on tree growth and survival. Understanding how forests cope with drought stress and the genetic basis of these reactions is crucial for future forest management and conservation. In this study, we investigated white spruce populations in Alaska and found that the growth reaction to drought stress varied among populations located at different treeline positions. We also identified genes associated with drought tolerance traits, highlighting their importance for the establishment and persistence of future forests under climate change. These findings suggest that drought adaptation acts on a local scale and that different populations may be unevenly affected by climate change.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacqueline Oehri, Gabriela Schaepman-Strub, Jin-Soo Kim, Raleigh Grysko, Heather Kropp, Inge Gruenberg, Vitalii Zemlianskii, Oliver Sonnentag, Eugenie S. Euskirchen, Merin Reji Chacko, Giovanni Muscari, Peter D. Blanken, Joshua F. Dean, Alcide di Sarra, Richard J. Harding, Ireneusz Sobota, Lars Kutzbach, Elena Plekhanova, Aku Riihela, Julia Boike, Nathaniel B. Miller, Jason Beringer, Efren Lopez-Blanco, Paul C. Stoy, Ryan C. Sullivan, Marek Kejna, Frans-Jan W. Parmentier, John A. Gamon, Mikhail Mastepanov, Christian Wille, Marcin Jackowicz-Korczynski, Dirk N. Karger, William L. Quinton, Jaakko Putkonen, Dirk van As, Torben R. Christensen, Maria Z. Hakuba, Robert S. Stone, Stefan Metzger, Baptiste Vandecrux, Gerald Frost, Martin Wild, Birger Hansen, Daniela Meloni, Florent Domine, Mariska te Beest, Torsten Sachs, Aram Kalhori, Adrian Rocha, Scott N. Williamson, Sara Morris, Adam L. Atchley, Richard Essery, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, David Holl, Laura D. Riihimaki, Hiroki Iwata, Edward A. G. Schuur, Christopher J. Cox, Andrey A. Grachev, Joseph P. McFadden, Robert S. Fausto, Mathias Goeckede, Masahito Ueyama, Norbert Pirk, Gijs de Boer, M. Syndonia Bret-Harte, Matti Lepparanta, Konrad Steffen, Thomas Friborg, Atsumu Ohmura, Colin W. Edgar, Johan Olofsson, Scott D. Chambers
Summary: This study investigates the importance of high-latitude surface energy budgets (SEBs) and the uncertainties in their prediction in the rapidly changing Arctic. By harmonizing SEB observations from vegetated and glaciated sites across the circumpolar region, the researchers identify vegetation type as a significant predictor for SEB components during Arctic summer compared to other drivers. The results highlight the complex shifts in surface energy fluxes with land-cover transitions and emphasize the potential for improving climate projections by considering Arctic vegetation types more comprehensively.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Norman Roessger, Torsten Sachs, Christian Wille, Julia Boike, Lars Kutzbach
Summary: This study provides long-term observational evidence of an increasing trend of early summer methane emissions from a permafrost site in the Lena River Delta linked to atmospheric warming.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Donatella Zona, Peter M. Lafleur, Koen Hufkens, Beniamino Gioli, Barbara Bailey, George Burba, Eugenie S. Euskirchen, Jennifer D. Watts, Kyle A. Arndt, Mary Farina, John S. Kimball, Martin Heimann, Mathias Gockede, Martijn Pallandt, Torben R. Christensen, Mikhail Mastepanov, Efren Lopez-Blanco, Albertus J. Dolman, Roisin Commane, Charles E. Miller, Josh Hashemi, Lars Kutzbach, David Holl, Julia Boike, Christian Wille, Torsten Sachs, Aram Kalhori, Elyn R. Humphreys, Oliver Sonnentag, Gesa Meyer, Gabriel H. Gosselin, Philip Marsh, Walter C. Oechel
Summary: Long-term records of atmospheric CO2 concentration indicate a decrease in the positive effect of warming on carbon uptake in high-latitude regions since the 1990s. This study used data from permafrost tundra sites across the circumpolar Arctic to examine the temperature responses of ecosystem carbon fluxes and their relationship with soil moisture. The results suggest that reduced soil moisture during peak summer may limit plant productivity and carbon sequestration in tundra ecosystems.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Limnology
Peter Mueller, Lars Kutzbach, Thomas J. Mozdzer, Emil Jespersen, Donald C. Barber, Franziska Eller
Summary: This study investigates the role of soil inorganic carbon in coastal ecosystems and finds that it makes a substantial contribution to the total soil carbon stock. Contrary to the hypothesis, the study shows that inorganic carbon stocks increase along the successional gradient, possibly due to other processes like trapping of sedimentary carbonates and calcium carbonate precipitation.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Lutz Beckebanze, Benjamin R. K. Runkle, Josefine Walz, Christian Wille, David Holl, Manuel Helbig, Julia Boike, Torsten Sachs, Lars Kutzbach
Summary: This study provides data on the lateral export rates of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from a polygonal tundra site in the north Siberian Lena River delta, Russia. The results show that the lateral carbon fluxes represent about 2% of the net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Elodie Salmon, Fabrice Jegou, Bertrand Guenet, Line Jourdain, Chunjing Qiu, Vladislav Bastrikov, Christophe Guimbaud, Dan Zhu, Philippe Ciais, Philippe Peylin, Sebastien Gogo, Fatima Laggoun-Defarge, Mika Aurela, M. Syndonia Bret-Harte, Jiquan Chen, Bogdan H. Chojnicki, Housen Chu, Colin W. Edgar, Eugenie S. Euskirchen, Lawrence B. Flanagan, Krzysztof Fortuniak, David Holl, Janina Klatt, Olaf Kolle, Natalia Kowalska, Lars Kutzbach, Annalea Lohila, Lutz Merbold, Wlodzimierz Pawlak, Torsten Sachs, Klaudia Ziemblinska
Summary: Northern peatlands are one of the largest natural sources of methane in the global methane budget. Understanding the processes of methane production and fluxes in these peatlands is crucial for reducing uncertainty in quantifying methane flux. A methane model embedded in the ORCHIDEE-PEAT land surface model was used to calibrate and evaluate methane emissions in various peatland sites. Results show that methanogenesis is sensitive to temperature and substrate availability in the top soil layers. Methane emissions were underestimated when using single site optimization of model parameters and overestimated when using multi-site optimization.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Lutz Beckebanze, Zoe Rehder, David Holl, Christian Wille, Charlotta Mirbach, Lars Kutzbach
Summary: Arctic permafrost landscapes have acted as global carbon sinks for a long time. This study focuses on the impact of water bodies, particularly thermokarst ponds, on the carbon budget of these landscapes. The results show that the emissions from these ponds, especially methane, can significantly affect the overall carbon budget of the Arctic. These findings highlight the importance of considering water body distribution in understanding carbon dynamics in the region.
