Article
Agronomy
Patryk Poczta, Marek Urbaniak, Torsten Sachs, Kamila M. Harenda, Agnieszka Klarzynska, Radoslaw Juszczak, Dirk Schuttemeyer, Bartosz Czernecki, Anna Kryszak, Bogdan H. Chojnicki
Summary: Peatlands are important in storing soil carbon for long periods of time. This study focused on assessing the CO2 balances of a temperate peatland and the factors affecting these fluxes. The peatland was found to be a CO2 sink, but with extreme variations in different years. Seasonal data showed stronger correlations with biophysical variables than annual fluxes. Additionally, warmer spring and hotter summer temperatures were found to have different impacts on net ecosystem production. The study suggests that global warming negatively affects CO2 balances in temperate peatlands.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yongzhi Bao, Tingxi Liu, Limin Duan, Xin Tong, Yongqiang Zhang, Guoqiang Wang, V. P. Singh
Summary: This study measured and analyzed the CO2 and CH4 fluxes of a meadow-rice mixed ecosystem in a semi-arid region of North China using the eddy covariance technique. The results showed significant diurnal and seasonal variations in GPP, R-eco, and CH4, with the ecosystem acting as a CO2 sink and CH4 source.
Article
Environmental Sciences
A. L. Gorsky, N. R. Lottig, P. C. Stoy, A. R. Desai, H. A. Dugan
Summary: Our study conducted measurements of CO2 and CH4 dynamics in a small lake in northern Wisconsin from January to October 2020, revealing a significant increase in CH4 emissions over a 19-day period after ice-off in spring, with higher emissions during summer stratification. No linear increase in gas accumulation was observed during the late winter under-ice period.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
A. L. Gorsky, N. R. Lottig, P. C. Stoy, A. R. Desai, H. A. Dugan
Summary: This study focused on the dynamics of CO2 and CH4 in a small lake, especially the sudden increase in CH4 emissions after ice melt in spring. It emphasizes the importance of direct gas measurements during the ice-covered period.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Patryk Lakomiec, Jutta Holst, Thomas Friborg, Patrick Crill, Niklas Rakos, Natascha Kljun, Per-Ola Olsson, Lars Eklundh, Andreas Persson, Janne Rinne
Summary: The Arctic region is experiencing rapid temperature changes, leading to thawing permafrost and changes in methane emissions from wetlands. The Abisko-Stordalen Mire in northern Sweden has been studied for its climate and vegetation changes, with methane emissions analyzed using the eddy covariance method. The methane fluxes show differences between mire patches with different permafrost status, with variations driven by environmental factors such as peat temperature and soil water content. Winter fluxes contribute significantly to the overall annual methane emissions.
Article
Agronomy
Jiayu Zhao, Mi Zhang, Wei Xiao, Lei Jia, Xiufang Zhang, Jiao Wang, Zhen Zhang, Yanhong Xie, Yini Pu, Shoudong Liu, Zhaozhong Feng, Xuhui Lee
Summary: Aquaculture ponds are important anthropogenic methane sources, with water temperature being the primary driver of methane flux and ebullition being the main transport way. Dredging may have a larger influence on emission flux than aeration.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Meeruppage Gunawardhana, Ewen Silvester, Oliver A. H. Jones, Samantha Grover
Summary: The study highlights the importance of evapotranspiration in the water budget of mountain peatlands in the Australian Alps, showing that it accounts for 26% of annual precipitation. The seasonally dependent biogeochemical regulation processes observed in this study can serve as a reference for evaluating the condition of peatlands under similar weather conditions.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY-REGIONAL STUDIES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Michael P. Vermeuel, Patricia A. Cleary, Ankur R. Desai, Timothy H. Bertram
Summary: The study reveals a significant contribution of nonstomatal pathways in canopy to the dry deposition of O-3, which is not correctly captured in current models. Stomatal uptake and estimated absorption only explain a small portion of O-3 loss.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. Nyberg, T. A. Black, R. Ketler, S. C. Lee, M. Johnson, M. Merkens, K. A. Nugent, S. H. Knox
Summary: Peatland drainage depletes carbon stocks by increasing CO2 emissions, but restoration via re-wetting can reduce CO2 emissions and increase carbon storage. However, re-wetting also leads to increased methane emissions. Actively re-wetting disturbed peatlands is important for mitigating climate warming, as it can offset the radiative effect of CO2 sink strength with CH4 emissions on shorter time scales.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
C. D. Evans, M. Peacock, A. J. Baird, R. R. E. Artz, A. Burden, N. Callaghan, P. J. Chapman, H. M. Cooper, M. Coyle, E. Craig, A. Cumming, S. Dixon, V. Gauci, R. P. Grayson, C. Helfter, C. M. Heppell, J. Holden, D. L. Jones, J. Kaduk, P. Levy, R. Matthews, N. P. McNamara, T. Misselbrook, S. Oakley, S. E. Page, M. Rayment, L. M. Ridley, K. M. Stanley, J. L. Williamson, F. Worrall, R. Morrison
Summary: This study shows that the depth of the water table is the main factor influencing greenhouse gas fluxes in peatlands. By lowering the water table depth by 10 cm, emissions of CO2 and CH4 can be reduced by the equivalent of at least 3 tonnes of CO2 per hectare per year, until the water table depth is less than 30 cm.
Article
Agronomy
Mika Korkiakoski, Paavo Ojanen, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Kari Minkkinen, Olli Nevalainen, Timo Penttila, Mika Aurela, Tuomas Laurila, Annalea Lohila
Summary: The wide-spread harvesting of forests on drained peatlands in Finland has raised concerns about its impact on carbon dioxide emissions and climate change. A study conducted in a mature peatland forest in southern Finland compared the impact of clear-cutting and partial cutting on CO2 exchange. The results showed that partial cutting resulted in significantly lower CO2 emissions in the short term, while clear-cutting continued to be a significant source of CO2 emissions throughout the measurement period. It was also found that the forest floor lost carbon both before and after the cuttings.
AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Masahito Ueyama, Sara H. Knox, Kyle B. Delwiche, Sheel Bansal, William J. Riley, Dennis Baldocchi, Takashi Hirano, Gavin McNicol, Karina Schafer, Lisamarie Windham-Myers, Benjamin Poulter, Robert B. Jackson, Kuang-Yu Chang, Jiquen Chen, Housen Chu, Ankur R. Desai, Sebastien Gogo, Hiroki Iwata, Minseok Kang, Ivan Mammarella, Matthias Peichl, Oliver Sonnentag, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Youngryel Ryu, Eugenie S. Euskirchen, Mathias Goeckede, Adrien Jacotot, Mats B. B. Nilsson, Torsten Sachs
Summary: Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane in the atmosphere. Through data-model fusion, we estimate the processes of methane production, oxidation, and transport in wetlands, and find that production is the most important process.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tong Zhang, Xia Xu, Honglei Jiang, Haoyu Xia, Yiqin Huang, Shitong Guo, Xiaoqing Xu, Jiayu Xu
Summary: As an important carbon sink, the role of arid and semiarid grassland ecosystem in mitigating global climate change has been widely reported. While the impact of precipitation and temperature changes on carbon balance is well-known, the study of wind speed has been neglected. This research highlights the significant implications of wind speed variations on grassland ecosystems by regulating the carbon balance.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Haoyu Diao, Anzhi Wang, Mana Gharun, Matthias Saurer, Fenghui Yuan, Dexin Guan, Guanhua Dai, Jiabing Wu
Summary: This study found that tree-ring carbon isotope composition (813C) can serve as a reliable proxy for forest gross primary productivity (GPP), while the traditional tree-ring width index (RWI) is not significantly related to GPP. These findings highlight the potential of using tree-ring 813C to reconstruct GPP time series and improve predictions of carbon fluxes.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Gavin McNicol, Etienne Fluet-Chouinard, Zutao Ouyang, Sara Knox, Zhen Zhang, Tuula Aalto, Sheel Bansal, Kuang-Yu Chang, Min Chen, Kyle Delwiche, Sarah Feron, Mathias Goeckede, Jinxun Liu, Avni Malhotra, Joe R. Melton, William Riley, Rodrigo Vargas, Kunxiaojia Yuan, Qing Ying, Qing Zhu, Pavel Alekseychik, Mika Aurela, David P. Billesbach, David I. Campbell, Jiquan Chen, Housen Chu, Ankur R. Desai, Eugenie Euskirchen, Jordan Goodrich, Timothy Griffis, Manuel Helbig, Takashi Hirano, Hiroki Iwata, Gerald Jurasinski, John King, Franziska Koebsch, Randall Kolka, Ken Krauss, Annalea Lohila, Ivan Mammarella, Mats Nilson, Asko Noormets, Walter Oechel, Matthias Peichl, Torsten Sachs, Ayaka Sakabe, Christopher Schulze, Oliver Sonnentag, Ryan C. Sullivan, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Masahito Ueyama, Timo Vesala, Eric Ward, Christian Wille, Guan Xhuan Wong, Donatella Zona, Lisamarie Windham-Myers, Benjamin Poulter, Robert B. Jackson
Summary: Wetlands are a significant source of methane emissions, and accurately estimating these emissions is crucial. This study presents a new upscaling model based on eddy covariance measurements to estimate wetland methane emissions globally. The model performed well, and its estimates were consistent with current models. However, there were discrepancies in tropical wetland emissions, indicating the need for additional data and improved knowledge in these regions.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Daniel Joly, Daniel Gilbert, Maria Diaz-de-Quijano, Mohamed Hilal, Mathieu Joly, Nadine Bernard
Summary: The study combines the MOCAGE model with topographic and inventory data to provide downscaled forecasts for public health institutions, offering crucial information on PM(10) concentrations in France.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Guillaume Bertrand, Alex Poncot, Benjamin Pohl, Alexandre Lhosmot, Marc Steinmann, Anne Johannet, Sebastien Pinel, Huseyin Caldirak, Guillaume Artigue, Philippe Binet, Catherine Bertrand, Louis Collin, Genevieve Magnon, Daniel Gilbert, Fatima Laggoun-Deffarge, Marie-Laure Toussaint
Summary: Peatlands are vital ecosystems for storing carbon and water, with carbon speciation greatly influenced by water table depth. Long-term monitoring and statistical modeling can help evaluate hydrological variability, with projections showing potential changes in water table depth in the future, especially in summer.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Alexandre Lhosmot, Louis Collin, Genevieve Magnon, Marc Steinmann, Catherine Bertrand, Vanessa Stefani, Marie-Laure Toussaint, Guillaume Bertrand
Summary: Peatlands and associated ecosystem services are vulnerable to climate change and human disturbances, as demonstrated in the study of Forbonnet bog. Restoration efforts, such as backfilling of artificial drains, have shown positive effects on water table depth and lateral inflows, highlighting the complex nested hydrological functioning of peatlands. This multi-reservoir model operates at varying spatio-temporal scales and will be increasingly impacted by climate change in the future.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Sarah Coffinet, Lukas Muehlena, Julius S. Lipp, Micha Weil, Cajetan Neubauer, Tim Urich, Kai-Uwe Hinrichs
Summary: Butanetriol and pentanetriol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (BDGTs and PDGTs) are recently discovered membrane lipids in anoxic environments with unique backbones. This study reveals that these lipids are produced by methyl transfer from an S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) intermediate in Methanomassiliicoccus luminyensis. The increase of a doubly methylated compound in the stationary phase of M. luminyensis and in sediment samples from the Mediterranean Sea suggests a potential relationship between backbone methylation and microbial activity.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Bryan T. Piatkowski, Dana L. Carper, Alyssa A. Carrell, I-Min A. Chen, Alicia Clum, Chris Daum, Emiley A. Eloe-Fadrosh, Daniel Gilbert, Gustaf Granath, Marcel Huntemann, Sara S. Jawdy, Ingeborg Jenneken Klarenberg, Joel E. Kostka, Nikos C. Kyrpides, Travis J. Lawrence, Supratim Mukherjee, Mats B. Nilsson, Krishnaveni Palaniappan, Dale A. Pelletier, Christa Pennacchio, T. B. K. Reddy, Simon Roux, A. Jonathan Shaw, Denis Warshan, Tatjana Zivkovic, David J. Weston
Summary: This study presents 49 metagenome assemblies of the microbiome associated with Sphagnum (peat moss) collected from various temperature conditions across Europe. These data will facilitate further research on the impact of climate change on plant-microbe symbiosis, ecology, and ecosystem functioning in northern peatland ecosystems.
MICROBIOLOGY RESOURCE ANNOUNCEMENTS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alexandre Lhosmot, Marc Steinmann, Philippe Binet, Laure Gandois, Jean-Sebastien Moquet, Vanessa Stefani, Marie-Laure Toussaint, Anne Boetsch, Christophe Loup, Valentin Essert, Guillaume Bertrand
Summary: This study investigates the origin and fractionation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in a peatland located on top of a karst aquifer, and finds that the outgassing of CO2 at the bog surface is the main contributor to DIC loss, while methanogenesis is favored by reduced conditions, contributing to heavier delta C-13(DIC) compositions in deep catotelm pore waters.
Article
Water Resources
Alexandre Lhosmot, Julien Bouchez, Marc Steinmann, Veronique Lavastre, Vincent Bichet, Christophe Loup, Vanessa Stefani, Anne Boetsch, June Chevet, Marie-Laure Toussaint, Jerome Gaillardet, Guillaume Bertrand
Summary: This study evaluates the spatio-temporal patterns of environmental tracers in the largest peatland complex of the Jura Mountains in France and provides insights into the hydrogeochemical functioning of the peatland. The findings show that water fluxes in the peatland are derived from water-rock interactions, and are influenced by mixing, evapotranspiration, and local meteoric inputs. The study's results are significant in improving our understanding of the current high socio-ecosystemic value of the area and the potential future evolution of related services.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Lise Pinault, Malo Pilloix, Gregory Bernard, Daniel Joly, Sebastien Gogo, Elsa Martin, Daniel Gilbert
Summary: 50% of European peatlands are damaged, and restoring their hydrological functionality is crucial to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, current knowledge about French peatlands and carbon stocks is insufficient, highlighting the need for a recent inventory based on local data aggregation and validation of the 1949 Atlas.
SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT
(2023)
Article
Economics
Christian At, Daniel Gilbert, Lionel Thomas
Summary: This paper examines the optimal subsidy for organic conversion given by regulators to farmers facing adverse selection. It takes into account farmers' private information about their intrinsic motivation for organic farming. The study finds that the optimal subsidy remains constant within the range of farmers' revenue. As the profit gap between organic and traditional farming narrows, the optimal subsidy should decrease. While promoting organic farming to enhance societal acceptability positively impacts the proportion of land conversion, the promotion of both organic farming among farmers and the demand for organic products may have ambiguous effects leading to a decrease in the number of conversions.
REVUE D ECONOMIE POLITIQUE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Vincent E. J. Jassey, Owen L. Petchey, Philippe Binet, Alexandre Buttler, Genevieve Chiapusio, Fatima Laggoun-Delarue, Daniel Gilbert, Frederic Delarue, Fatima Laggoun-Defarge, Edward A. D. Mitchell, Janna M. Barel
Summary: Soil microbial communities play a crucial role in ecosystem processes and services, especially through their food webs. However, the impact of food web structure on ecosystem functioning is not well understood. In this study, the relationships between different aspects of microbial food web structure and ecosystem functions were investigated in a peatland. The results showed that trophic interactions and increasing connectance, biomass, and energy fluxes played a significant role in enhancing ecosystem functions. These findings highlight the importance of considering food web structure and energy flows in understanding biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationships.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SOIL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Alexandre Buttler, Luca Bragazza, Fatima Laggoun-Defarge, Sebastien Gogo, Marie-Laure Toussaint, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Bogdan H. H. Chojnicki, Michal Slowinski, Sandra Slowinska, Malgorzata Zielinska, Monika Reczuga, Jan Barabach, Katarzyna Marcisz, Lukasz Lamentowicz, Kamila Harenda, Elena Lapshina, Daniel Gilbert, Rodolphe Schlaepfer, Vincent E. J. Jassey
Summary: Changes in water table and temperature have significant effects on peatland vegetation, with a decrease in Sphagnum mosses and an increase in vascular plants as the water table lowers and temperatures rise. Experimental results show that water table changes have a greater impact on vegetation compared to warming temperatures.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)