New drug targets in depression: inflammatory, cell-mediated immune, oxidative and nitrosative stress, mitochondrial, antioxidant, and neuroprogressive pathways. And new drug candidates—Nrf2 activators and GSK-3 inhibitors

Neuroprotection through Stimulation of Mitochondrial Antioxidant Protein Expression

(2017) Tiffany Greco et al.   JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Production of IL-1Ra Is Negatively Regulated by GSK3 via the MAPK ERK1/2

(2014) K. Rehani et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Lithium Prevents and Ameliorates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

(2014) P. De Sarno et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

The Transcription Factor Nrf2 Is a Therapeutic Target against Brain Inflammation

(2014) N. G. Innamorato et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

N-acetylcysteine in psychiatry: current therapeutic evidence and potential mechanisms of action

(2014) Olivia Dean et al.   JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY & NEUROSCIENCE

Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in patients during acute depressive episodes and in remission after fluoxetine treatment

(2014) Piotr Gałecki et al.   Pharmacological Reports

The Major Green Tea Polyphenol, (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate, Induces Heme Oxygenase in Rat Neurons and Acts as an Effective Neuroprotective Agent against Oxidative Stress

(2013) Loriana Romeo et al.   JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION

Mechanisms of Oxidative Glutamate Toxicity: The Glutamate/Cystine Antiporter System xc¯ as a Neuroprotective Drug Target

(2012) Philipp Albrecht et al.   CNS & Neurological Disorders-Drug Targets

Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 (GSK-3) Inhibitors for the Treatment of Alzheimers Disease

(2012) Miguel Medina et al.   CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN

Heme Induces Heme Oxygenase 1 via Nrf2

(2011) Joseph J. Boyle et al.   ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY

Assessing mitochondrial dysfunction in cells

(2011) Martin D. Brand et al.   BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL

Epigallocatechin gallate ameliorates behavioral and biochemical deficits in rat model of load-induced chronic fatigue syndrome

(2011) Anand Kamal Sachdeva et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN

Inflammatory and Neurodegenerative Pathways in Depression: A New Avenue for Antidepressant Development?

(2011) M. Catena-Dell'Osso et al.   CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

Mitochondrial Protection by Resveratrol

(2011) Zoltan Ungvari et al.   EXERCISE AND SPORT SCIENCES REVIEWS

Venlafaxine modulates depression-induced behaviour and the expression of Bax mRNA and Bcl-xl mRNA in both hippocampus and myocardium

(2011) Yiming Wang et al.   HUMAN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL

Prefrontal cortex glutathione S-transferase levels in patients with bipolar disorder, major depression and schizophrenia

(2011) Jeremy W. Gawryluk et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

The efficacy of N-acetylcysteine as an adjunctive treatment in bipolar depression: An open label trial

(2011) Michael Berk et al.   JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

IgM-mediated autoimmune responses directed against multiple neoepitopes in depression: New pathways that underpin the inflammatory and neuroprogressive pathophysiology

(2011) Michael Maes et al.   JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

Protective effects of resveratrol on calcium-induced oxidative stress in rat heart mitochondria

(2011) Areli Gutiérrez-Pérez et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS AND BIOMEMBRANES

Heme Oxygenase-1 Couples Activation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis to Anti-inflammatory Cytokine Expression

(2011) Claude A. Piantadosi et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Modulation of Nrf2/ARE Pathway by Food Polyphenols: A Nutritional Neuroprotective Strategy for Cognitive and Neurodegenerative Disorders

(2011) Giovanni Scapagnini et al.   MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY

Depletion of Nrf2 Enhances Inflammation Induced by Oxyhemoglobin in Cultured Mice Astrocytes

(2011) Hao Pan et al.   NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH

The Effect of Antidepressant Medication Treatment on Serum Levels of Inflammatory Cytokines: A Meta-Analysis

(2011) Jonas Hannestad et al.   NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

Long-term electromagnetic field treatment enhances brain mitochondrial function of both Alzheimer's transgenic mice and normal mice: a mechanism for electromagnetic field-induced cognitive benefit?

(2011) N. Dragicevic et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Acetylsalicylic acid as an augmentation agent in fluoxetine treatment resistant depressive rats

(2011) Ying Wang et al.   NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS

(Neuro)inflammation and neuroprogression as new pathways and drug targets in depression: From antioxidants to kinase inhibitors

(2011) Michael Maes et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Connectivity between mitochondrial functions and psychiatric disorders

(2011) Jana Hroudová et al.   PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES

Potentials of Curcumin as an Antidepressant

(2011) S.K. Kulkarni et al.   TheScientificWorldJOURNAL

Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3 is an Intermediate Modulator of Serotonin Neurotransmission

(2011) Abigail M. Polter et al.   Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience

Modulation of GSK-3 as a Therapeutic Strategy on Tau Pathologies

(2011) Miguel Medina et al.   Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience

Regulation by glycogen synthase kinase-3 of inflammation and T cells in CNS diseases

(2011) Eléonore Beurel   Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience

Oxidative Stress and Energy Crises in Neuronal Dysfunction

(2010) David G. Nicholls   Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

The Nrf2-ARE Pathway

(2010) Jeffrey A. Johnson et al.   Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

The behavioral and biochemical effects of BDNF containing polymers implanted in the hippocampus of rats

(2010) Rachael W. Sirianni et al.   BRAIN RESEARCH

Mitochondrial kinase signalling pathways in myocardial protection from ischaemia/reperfusion-induced necrosis

(2010) T. Miura et al.   CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH

Glycogen synthase kinase 3: A point of convergence for the host inflammatory response

(2010) Huizhi Wang et al.   CYTOKINE

Antidepressant-like effect of trans-resveratrol: Involvement of serotonin and noradrenaline system

(2010) Ying Xu et al.   EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

Melatonin signaling and cell protection function

(2010) Francesca Luchetti et al.   FASEB JOURNAL

Increased plasma peroxides and serum oxidized low density lipoprotein antibodies in major depression: Markers that further explain the higher incidence of neurodegeneration and coronary artery disease

(2010) Michael Maes et al.   JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

The Use of Statins After a Cardiac Intervention Is Associated With Reduced Risk of Subsequent Depression

(2010) Lesley Stafford et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY

Effects of mood stabilizers on mitochondrial respiratory chain activity in brain of rats treated with d-amphetamine

(2010) Samira S. Valvassori et al.   JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH

Mitochondrial dysfunction: A potential link between neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration?

(2010) Maarten E. Witte et al.   MITOCHONDRION

The Effects of Antidepressants on Mitochondrial Function in a Model Cell System and Isolated Mitochondria

(2010) W. Abdel-Razaq et al.   NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH

Comparison of the effects of erythropoietin and its carbamylated derivative on behaviour and hippocampal neurogenesis in mice

(2010) Claire Leconte et al.   NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 regulates inflammatory tolerance in astrocytes

(2010) E. Beurel et al.   NEUROSCIENCE

Pathways underlying neuroprogression in bipolar disorder: Focus on inflammation, oxidative stress and neurotrophic factors

(2010) M. Berk et al.   NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS

Global mapping of binding sites for Nrf2 identifies novel targets in cell survival response through ChIP-Seq profiling and network analysis

(2010) Deepti Malhotra et al.   NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH

Cytokines mediated inflammation and decreased neurogenesis in animal models of depression

(2010) Cai Song et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Beyond the serotonin hypothesis: Mitochondria, inflammation and neurodegeneration in major depression and affective spectrum disorders

(2010) Ann Gardner et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

The new ‘5-HT’ hypothesis of depression: Cell-mediated immune activation induces indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, which leads to lower plasma tryptophan and an increased synthesis of detrimental tryptophan catabolites (TRYCATs), both of which contribute to the onset of depression

(2010) M. Maes et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

A review on the oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) pathways in major depression and their possible contribution to the (neuro)degenerative processes in that illness

(2010) Michael Maes et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

In animal models, psychosocial stress-induced (neuro)inflammation, apoptosis and reduced neurogenesis are associated to the onset of depression

(2010) Marta Kubera et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Depression is an inflammatory disease, but cell-mediated immune activation is the key component of depression

(2010) Michael Maes   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

The role of zinc in neurodegenerative inflammatory pathways in depression

(2010) Bernadeta Szewczyk et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Emerging tendency towards autoimmune process in major depressive patients: A novel insight from Th17 cells

(2010) Yili Chen et al.   PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH

Clinical Implications of the Cytokine Hypothesis of Depression: The Association between Use of Statins and Aspirin and the Risk of Major Depression

(2010) Julie A. Pasco et al.   PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS

Mechanisms Underlying Lineage Commitment and Plasticity of Helper CD4+ T Cells

(2010) J. J. O'Shea et al.   SCIENCE

Neuron differentiation and neuritogenesis stimulated by N-acetylcysteine (NAC)

(2009) Hao-ran Qian et al.   ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA

Coenzyme Q deficiency triggers mitochondria degradation by mitophagy

(2009) Ángeles Rodríguez-Hernández et al.   Autophagy

A Meta-Analysis of Cytokines in Major Depression

(2009) Yekta Dowlati et al.   BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

The effect ofN-acetylcysteine on amphetamine-mediated dopamine release in rat brain striatal slices by ion-pair reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography

(2009) Erzsébet Gere-Pászti et al.   BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY

The role of lithium in the treatment of bipolar disorder: convergent evidence for neurotrophic effects as a unifying hypothesis

(2009) Rodrigo Machado-Vieira et al.   BIPOLAR DISORDERS

Lithium-induced enhancement of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in human brain tissue

(2009) Iris C Maurer et al.   BIPOLAR DISORDERS

Increased oxidative stress in the anterior cingulate cortex of subjects with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia

(2009) Jun-Feng Wang et al.   BIPOLAR DISORDERS

Antioxidative enzymes and increased oxidative stress in depressive women

(2009) Jana Kodydková et al.   CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Agomelatine

(2009) Maurizio Popoli   CNS DRUGS

Nrf2:INrf2 (Keap1) signaling in oxidative stress

(2009) James W. Kaspar et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Oxidative stress parameters after combined fluoxetine and acetylsalicylic acid therapy in depressive patients

(2009) Piotr Gałecki et al.   HUMAN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 negatively regulates anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 for lipopolysaccharide-induced iNOS/NO biosynthesis and RANTES production in microglial cells

(2009) Wei-Ching Huang et al.   IMMUNOLOGY

Common effects of lithium and valproate on mitochondrial functions: protection against methamphetamine-induced mitochondrial damage

(2009) Rosilla F. Bachmann et al.   INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

Zinc supplementation augments efficacy of imipramine in treatment resistant patients: A double blind, placebo-controlled study

(2009) Marcin Siwek et al.   JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

Structural brain abnormalities in major depressive disorder: A selective review of recent MRI studies

(2009) Valentina Lorenzetti et al.   JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS

Functional Modulation of Mitochondria by Eicosapentaenoic Acid Provides Protection against Ceramide Toxicity to C6 Glioma Cells

(2009) Jaan-Yeh Jeng et al.   JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY

Intestinal permeability in the pathogenesis of NSAID-induced enteropathy

(2009) Ingvar Bjarnason et al.   JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY

Interferon-  and Tumor Necrosis Factor-  Mediate the Upregulation of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase and the Induction of Depressive-Like Behavior in Mice in Response to Bacillus Calmette-Guerin

(2009) J. C. O'Connor et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

STAT3 tyrosine phosphorylation is critical for interleukin 1 beta and interleukin-6 production in response to lipopolysaccharide and live bacteria

(2009) Lobelia Samavati et al.   MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY

Central infusion of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist blocks the reduction in social behavior produced by prior stressor exposure

(2009) Hiroyuki Arakawa et al.   PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR

Activation of mitochondrial ERK protects cancer cells from death through inhibition of the permeability transition

(2009) A. Rasola et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Antidepressant effects of ginseng total saponins in the forced swimming test and chronic mild stress models of depression

(2009) Haixia Dang et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Total antioxidant capacity and total oxidant status in patients with major depression: Impact of antidepressant treatment

(2009) Birgul Elbozan Cumurcu et al.   PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES

Mitochondrial involvement in psychiatric disorders

(2008) Ling Shao et al.   ANNALS OF MEDICINE

N-Acetyl Cysteine for Depressive Symptoms in Bipolar Disorder—A Double-Blind Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

(2008) Michael Berk et al.   BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Does minocycline have antidepressant effect?

(2008) Chi-Un Pae et al.   BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY

The role of GSK-3 in synaptic plasticity

(2008) S Peineau et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Role of mitochondrial DNA in calcium signaling abnormality in bipolar disorder

(2008) T KATO   CELL CALCIUM

Targeting glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes

(2008) Katrina MacAulay et al.   EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS

Nrf2-induced antioxidant protection: A promising target to counteract ROS-mediated damage in neurodegenerative disease?

(2008) Helga E. de Vries et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

Nrf2-regulated glutathione recycling independent of biosynthesis is critical for cell survival during oxidative stress

(2008) C.J. Harvey et al.   FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE

LateN-acetylcysteine treatment prevents the deficits induced in the offspring of dams exposed to an immune stress during gestation

(2008) Fabien Lanté et al.   HIPPOCAMPUS

Calcium ions in neuronal degeneration

(2008) Urszula Wojda et al.   IUBMB LIFE

Differential Regulation of STAT Family Members by Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3

(2008) Eléonore Beurel et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 Inhibition Protects the Heart From Acute Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Inhibition of Inflammation and Apoptosis

(2008) Hao-Kao Gao et al.   JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY

Modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α activity by N-acetyl cysteine attenuates inhibition of oligodendrocyte development in lipopolysaccharide stimulated mixed glial cultures

(2008) Manjeet K. Paintlia et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

GSK-3β down-regulates the transcription factor Nrf2 after oxidant damage: relevance to exposure of neuronal cells to oxidative stress

(2008) Ana I. Rojo et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Nrf2 Activation in Astrocytes Protects against Neurodegeneration in Mouse Models of Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

(2008) M. R. Vargas et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Inhibitory Effect on Cerebral Inflammatory Response following Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats: A Potential Neuroprotective Mechanism of N-Acetylcysteine

(2008) Gang Chen et al.   MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION

The inflammatory & neurodegenerative (I&ND) hypothesis of depression: leads for future research and new drug developments in depression

(2008) Michael Maes et al.   METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE

Physiological Significance of Reactive Cysteine Residues of Keap1 in Determining Nrf2 Activity

(2008) T. Yamamoto et al.   MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY

Functional interference between glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta and the transcription factor Nrf2 in protection against kainate-induced hippocampal celldeath

(2008) Ana I. Rojo et al.   MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE

Inhibition of peripheral TNF can block the malaise associated with CNS inflammatory diseases

(2008) Y. Jiang et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

Mitochondrially Mediated Plasticity in the Pathophysiology and Treatment of Bipolar Disorder

(2008) Jorge A Quiroz et al.   NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

Neuroanatomical Pattern of Mitochondrial Complex I Pathology Varies between Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder and Major Depression

(2008) Dorit Ben-Shachar et al.   PLoS One

Role of GSK3  in behavioral abnormalities induced by serotonin deficiency

(2008) J.-M. Beaulieu et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

IL-1 is an essential mediator of the antineurogenic and anhedonic effects of stress

(2008) J. W. Koo et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Antidepressant-like effect of the novel thiadiazolidinone NP031115 in mice

(2008) Angelo O. Rosa et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Effects of antidepressants on mRNA levels of antioxidant enzymes in human monocytic U-937 cells

(2008) Andreas Johannes Schmidt et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

In vivo antioxidant status: A putative target of antidepressant action

(2008) Ayesha Zafir et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Possible role of sertraline against 3-nitropropionic acid induced behavioral, oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunctions in rat brain

(2008) Puneet Kumar et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Increased plasma levels of 8-iso-PGF2α and IL-6 in an elderly population with depression

(2008) Nikolaos Dimopoulos et al.   PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH

Mitochondrial Energy Depletion in Depression with Somatization

(2008) Ann Gardner et al.   PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS

Nortriptyline Protects Mitochondria and Reduces Cerebral Ischemia/Hypoxia Injury

(2008) Wen-hua Zhang et al.   STROKE

Increased xanthine oxidase in the thalamus and putamen in depression

(2008) Tanja Maria Michel et al.   WORLD JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Antidepressant-like actions of minocycline combined with several glutamate antagonists

(2007) Miguel Molina-Hernández et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

Acute administration of ketamine induces antidepressant-like effects in the forced swimming test and increases BDNF levels in the rat hippocampus

(2007) Lêda S.B. Garcia et al.   PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY

The Mood-Stabilizing Agent Valproate Inhibits the Activity of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3

(2003) Guang Chen et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY