Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Giuseppe Clemente, Arianna Crippa, Karl Jansen
Summary: This study proposes to use noisy-intermediate-scale-quantum-era quantum devices to compute short distance quantities in (2 + 1)-dimensional QED, and combine them with large volume Monte Carlo simulations and perturbation theory. By performing quantum computations, the mass gap in the small and intermediate regime can be reliably resolved and matched with corresponding results from Monte Carlo simulations.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bipasha Chakraborty, Masazumi Honda, Taku Izubuchi, Yuta Kikuchi, Akio Tomiya
Summary: In this study, we designed a protocol for digital quantum computation of a gauge theory with a topological term in Minkowski spacetime. We focused on the 1+1 dimensional quantum electrodynamics with the Schwinger model and tested our protocol on an IBM simulator. By constructing the true vacuum state using adiabatic state preparation, we were able to compute the expectation value of the fermion mass operator and compare our results with the known exact result in the massless case. Although there were deviations in the massive case, our results imply that digital quantum simulation is a promising tool to explore nonperturbative aspects of gauge theories with real time and topological terms.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
R. Ott, T. Zache, F. Jendrzejewski, J. Berges
Summary: The study introduces a scalable analog quantum simulator for quantum electrodynamics in two dimensions, using ultracold atomic mixtures in an optical lattice. By engineering spatial plaquette terms for magnetic fields, a major obstacle towards realizing realistic gauge theories in higher dimensions is solved. The phenomenon of confinement of electric charges is discussed in the context of the pure gauge theory of compact QED within this quantum simulator.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yannick Meurice
Summary: The article introduces the lattice compact Abelian Higgs model and quantum simulation using a ladder-shaped optical lattice in 1 + 1 dimensions. By building local Hilbert spaces with Rydberg atoms, the concept of ladder-shaped configurable arrays is proposed. Concrete proposals involving two and three atoms for constructing spin-1 spaces and analytical tools for design and building are discussed.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Sebastian Franco, Diego Rodriguez-Gomez
Summary: This article discusses quiver gauge theories with SU(N) gauge groups, which have matter with fractonic properties and a Z(N) 1-form global symmetry. The order parameter is the expectation value of Wilson loops.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kevissen Sellapillay, Pablo Arrighi, Giuseppe Di Molfetta
Summary: The article introduces a quantum cellular automaton that coincides with 1 + 1QED and demonstrates its accuracy through the limits of the evolution equations.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Benjamin Moy, Hart Goldman, Ramanjit Sohal, Eduardo Fradkin
Summary: This study proposes a new type of three-dimensional fractional topological insulator, called oblique topological insulator (TI). This phase is characterized by the condensation of dyons-bound states of electric charges and monopoles, and exhibits topological order, emergent one-form symmetries, and boundary states that are not realizable in two dimensions. Based on lattice gauge theory, the researchers present a continuum topological quantum field theory to describe oblique TI phases, and demonstrate that this theory captures the generalized global symmetries and topological orders observed in lattice gauge theory.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Takuya Okuda
Summary: In this work, we study the quantum electrodynamics in 1 + 1 dimensions (Schwinger model) and its lattice discretization. We clarify the precise mapping between the boundary conditions in the continuum and lattice theories. We also obtain exact analytic results for local observables in the massless Schwinger model and find excellent agreements with simulation results.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
R. R. Ferguson, L. Dellantonio, A. Al Balushi, K. Jansen, W. Dur, C. A. Muschik
Summary: This approach utilizes measurement-based quantum computation principles, involving entangled resource states and local measurements, and presents two measurement-based VQE schemes, introducing a new method for constructing variational families and translating circuit-based schemes. Both schemes offer specific advantages in terms of required resources and coherence times.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jad C. Halimeh, Haifeng Lang, Philipp Hauke
Summary: Researchers demonstrate how non-abelian gauge invariance can be reliably controlled using energy protection terms, protecting the target gauge sector from unitary gauge-breaking errors. They also show that in certain cases, single-body protection terms can robustly suppress gauge violations at all evolution timescales, exhibiting the emergence of an adjusted gauge theory.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bastian B. Brandt
Summary: In this study, a high-precision measurement of the spectrum of the flux tube in three-dimensional SU(2) gauge theory was conducted at multiple lattice spacings. Comparisons were made with predictions from effective string theory, showing qualitative agreement with Nambu-Goto string theory predictions at small R values but slight deviations for the first excited state.
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Pureum Noh, Eun-Gook Moon
Summary: We provide a guideline for generating entanglement in quantum many-body states by applying the key ideas of the Higgs mechanism to systems without gauge structures. By demoting Z2 and U (1) gauge structures, we construct models with global Z2 X Z2 and global U (1) X Z symmetries respectively, which exhibit symmetry-protected-topological and gapless states. We also discuss the generalization of the model to different symmetries and lattices, as well as their potential applications to quantum simulators.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. G. Echevarria, I. L. Egusquiza, E. Rico, G. Schnell
Summary: This paper introduces a quantum algorithm for performing quantum simulation of different nonperturbative parton correlators in high-energy collider physics, illustrated by considering a space-time Wilson loop, and discusses the implementation of the algorithm in actual quantum technologies.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Silvia Pla, Ian M. Newsome, Robert S. Link, Paul R. Anderson, Jose Navarro-Salas
Summary: The solutions to the backreaction equation in 1+1-dimensional semiclassical electrodynamics were obtained and analyzed in the presence of a time-varying homogeneous electric field initially generated by a classical electric current, coupled to either a quantized scalar field or a quantized spin-1/2 field. The study focused on particle production by the Schwinger effect, which leads to backreaction effects modulating the electric field strength, and also investigated the energy transfer between the electric field and the particles. It was found that the semiclassical approximation breaks down when the maximum value of the electric field approaches the critical scale for the Schwinger effect.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yasha Neiman
Summary: We study minimal type-A higher-spin gravity in four dimensions, proposing new diagrammatic rules that involve Fronsdal fields and Didenko-Vasiliev particles. These rules can reproduce all n-point functions of the theory's holographic dual, the free O(N) vector model.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Filippo Valle, Matteo Osella, Michele Caselle
Summary: This paper presents an application of topic modeling techniques for the identification of breast cancer subtypes. By integrating different layers of gene expression data, the authors were able to accurately distinguish healthy from tumor samples and classify different breast cancer subtypes. The inclusion of microRNA data significantly improved the accuracy of subtype classification and revealed genes and microRNAs associated with breast cancer development and survival probability.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alessandra Feo, Fulvio Celico
Summary: This paper presents a numerical modeling approach for the migration of three-phase immiscible fluid flow in variably saturated zones. The simulation results show that using a high-resolution shock-capturing method allows for an accurate description of the contaminant migration and the evolution of the contaminant front in these zones.
Article
Cell Biology
Mayra L. Ruiz Tejada Segura, Eman Abou Moussa, Elisa Garabello, Thiago S. Nakahara, Melanie Makhlouf, Lisa S. Mathew, Li Wang, Filippo Valle, Susie S. Y. Huang, Joel D. Mainland, Michele Caselle, Matteo Osella, Stephan Lorenz, Johannes Reisert, Darren W. Logan, Bettina Malnic, Antonio Scialdone, Luis R. Saraiva
Summary: This study created a genome-wide 3D atlas of the mouse olfactory mucosa using spatial transcriptomics. The distribution of odorant receptor genes (Olfrs) and non-Olfrs in different regions was found to be continuous and overlapping. The spatial locations of Olfrs correlated with the solubility of the odorants they recognized, providing evidence for the chromatographic theory of olfaction.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
F. Caristo, M. Caselle, N. Magnoli, A. Nada, M. Panero, A. Smecca
Summary: In this study, we investigate the infrared dynamics of the three-dimensional SU(2) Yang-Mills theory using the effective string. By combining high-precision lattice simulation results with analytical constraints and predictions from various theories, we derive quantitative bounds on the corrections to the effective string action. The results are consistent with the predictions from the effective string theory, but do not prove the Axionic String Ansatz for this model.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Michele Caselle, Elia Cellini, Alessandro Nada, Marco Panero
Summary: This work demonstrates that the theoretical framework of stochastic normalizing flows, combined with Monte Carlo updates, is the same as the framework underlying out-of-equilibrium simulations based on Jarzynski's equality. This provides a promising approach to sample lattice field theories more efficiently and the study offers strategies and examples of applications for optimizing the efficiency of generative models.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Paolo Gambino, Shoji Hashimoto, Sandro Maechler, Marco Panero, Francesco Sanfilippo, Silvano Simula, Antonio Smecca, Nazario Tantalo
Summary: We present an ab initio study of inclusive semileptonic decays of heavy mesons from lattice QCD. Our results obtained from gauge-field ensembles are compared with theoretical predictions from the operator-product expansion.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alessandra Feo, Riccardo Pinardi, Emanuele Scanferla, Fulvio Celico
Summary: The presence of a spilled oil pipeline can lead to contamination and migration of the contaminant into the surrounding environment, causing significant damage to the natural ecosystem. Therefore, developing a rapid response strategy, which includes accurate predictions of oil migration trajectories through numerical simulation modeling, is crucial.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alessandra Feo, Fulvio Celico, Andrea Zanini
Summary: This paper compares laboratory-scale experiments and numerical simulations to investigate the migration of a DNAPL in a saturated porous medium. The results show good agreement between the simulations and experiments, and demonstrate the capability of CactusHydro for accurately tracking the evolution of the contaminant plume and evaluating the environmental impacts of DNAPL leaks.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Andrea Bulgarelli, Marco Panero
Summary: In this study, we investigate the entanglement entropy in lattice field theory using a simulation algorithm based on Jarzynski's theorem. We specifically focus on the entropic c-function for the Ising model in two and three dimensions. After validating our algorithm against analytic results from conformal field theory in two dimensions, we present new findings for the three-dimensional case. Our algorithm, highly paralleled on graphics processing units, allows precise determination of subleading corrections to the area law, which has been explored in recent studies. We also discuss potential extensions of this research to other strongly coupled theories.
JOURNAL OF HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alessandra Feo, Riccardo Pinardi, Andrea Artoni, Fulvio Celico
Summary: This paper presents a numerical model for simulating the migration and extraction of chlorinated organic compounds in aquifers. The model accurately captures the contaminant migration in the subsurface and demonstrates the potential for recovering a significant amount of the free-product.
Article
Water Resources
Riccardo Pinardi, Alessandra Feo, Andrea Ruffini, Fulvio Celico
Summary: Hydrogeological maps need to integrate scientific knowledge and meet the expectations of land planners and administrators, making purpose-designed maps effective in complex interconnected systems. In this case study, graphical solutions were designed to emphasize hydraulic interconnections in a multilayered alluvial aquifer, where wells are drilled for human purposes, artificial channels are used for agriculture, and shallow groundwater supports protected ecosystems. The main hydrogeological map was a synthesis of three interconnected contexts, and was supplemented with smaller maps and a hydrogeological profile, enhancing visualizations of aquifer features and interconnections.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marta Biondo, Abhyudai Singh, Michele Caselle, Matteo Osella
Summary: This study investigates the impact of extrinsic noise on protein concentrations in gene expression using a stochastic model. The results show that the source, intensity, and timescale of extrinsic noise determine the noise profiles during gene activation or inactivation.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Luigi Del Debbio, Alessandro Lupo, Marco Panero, Nazario Tantalo
Summary: We conducted a lattice study of the SU(4) gauge theory with two Dirac fermions in the fundamental and two in the two-index antisymmetric representation. Our work mainly focuses on the methods used to compute the spectrum and extrapolate the chiral point for theories with matter in multiple representations. This study is significant for gaining a non-perturbative understanding of the spectrum of theories of partial compositeness, which exhibit a more complex dynamics compared to single-representation theories. We analyze the multi-representation features using perturbation theory and a non-perturbative approach that involves a joint analysis of time-momentum correlation functions and smeared spectral densities.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Silvia Lazzardi, Filippo Valle, Andrea Mazzolini, Antonio Scialdone, Michele Caselle, Matteo Osella
Summary: Large-scale data on single-cell gene expression can be analyzed through the statistics of their basic building blocks, similar to linguistics, ecology, or genomics. A mathematical framework can uncover emergent statistical laws in single-cell transcriptomic data and explore the underlying mechanisms. Treatable statistical models are valuable tools to distinguish biological variability from statistical effects and sampling process in transcriptomics.
