Maintenance of Intestinal Th17 Cells and Reduced Microbial Translocation in SIV-infected Rhesus Macaques Treated with Interleukin (IL)-21

Microbial Translocation Across the GI Tract

(2012) Jason M. Brenchley et al.   Annual Review of Immunology

Loss of mucosal CD103+ DCs and IL-17+ and IL-22+ lymphocytes is associated with mucosal damage in SIV infection

(2012) N R Klatt et al.   Mucosal Immunology

Natural SIV Hosts: Showing AIDS the Door

(2012) Ann Chahroudi et al.   SCIENCE

Follicular Helper CD4 T Cells (TFH)

(2011) Shane Crotty   Annual Review of Immunology

Immunodeficiency lentiviral infections in natural and non-natural hosts

(2011) J. M. Brenchley et al.   BLOOD

Simian immunodeficiency virus infection in rhesus macaques induces selective tissue specific B cell defects in double positive CD21+CD27+ memory B cells

(2011) Arpita Das et al.   CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY

Long-term non-progressors display a greater number of Th17 cells than HIV-infected typical progressors

(2011) María Salgado et al.   CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY

Low Level of Regulatory T Cells and Maintenance of Balance Between Regulatory T Cells and TH17 Cells in HIV-1–Infected Elite Controllers

(2011) Lea Brandt et al.   JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES

Intrinsic IL-21 Signaling Is Critical for CD8 T Cell Survival and Memory Formation in Response to Vaccinia Viral Infection

(2011) P. Novy et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Low levels of SIV infection in sooty mangabey central memory CD4+ T cells are associated with limited CCR5 expression

(2011) Mirko Paiardini et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Interleukin-21 administration to rhesus macaques chronically infected with simian immunodeficiency virus increases cytotoxic effector molecules in T cells and NK cells and enhances B cell function without increasing immune activation or viral replication

(2011) Suresh Pallikkuth et al.   VACCINE

Lineage-specific T-cell reconstitution following in vivo CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte depletion in nonhuman primates

(2010) J. C. Engram et al.   BLOOD

Safety and Clinical Effect of Subcutaneous Human Interleukin-21 in Patients with Metastatic Melanoma or Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Phase I Trial

(2010) H. Schmidt et al.   CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH

Critical role for IL-21 in both primary and memory anti-viral CD8+ T-cell responses

(2010) Brianne R. Barker et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Interleukin-21: updated review of Phase I and II clinical trials in metastatic renal cell carcinoma, metastatic melanoma and relapsed/refractory indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

(2010) Mehmood H Hashmi et al.   EXPERT OPINION ON BIOLOGICAL THERAPY

IL-21 regulates germinal center B cell differentiation and proliferation through a B cell–intrinsic mechanism

(2010) Dimitra Zotos et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

IL-21 Deficiency Influences CD8 T Cell Quality and Recall Responses following an Acute Viral Infection

(2010) J. S. Yi et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Increased CD4+ T Cell Levels during IL-7 Administration of Antiretroviral Therapy-Treated Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Macaques Are Not Dependent on Strong Proliferative Responses

(2010) A. Leone et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Disruption of Intestinal CD4+ T Cell Homeostasis Is a Key Marker of Systemic CD4+ T Cell Activation in HIV-Infected Individuals

(2010) S. N. Gordon et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

HIV-1-Specific Interleukin-21+ CD4+ T Cell Responses Contribute to Durable Viral Control through the Modulation of HIV-Specific CD8+ T Cell Function

(2010) M. F. Chevalier et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Interleukin-21-Producing HIV-1-Specific CD8 T Cells Are Preferentially Seen in Elite Controllers

(2010) L. D. Williams et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Th17 cells in natural SIV hosts

(2010) Mirko Paiardini   Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

Th17 cytokines in mucosal immunity and inflammation

(2010) Lokesh Guglani et al.   Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

Th17 cells, HIV and the gut mucosal barrier

(2010) Satya Dandekar et al.   Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

Damaged Intestinal Epithelial Integrity Linked to Microbial Translocation in Pathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infections

(2010) Jacob D. Estes et al.   PLoS Pathogens

IL-21 augments natural killer effector functions in chronically HIV-infected individuals

(2009) Natasa Strbo et al.   AIDS

Dynamics and Consequences of IL-21 Production in HIV-Infected Individuals: A Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Study

(2009) Alexandre Iannello et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Plasma Levels of Bacterial DNA Correlate with Immune Activation and the Magnitude of Immune Restoration in Persons with Antiretroviral‐Treated HIV Infection

(2009) Wei Jiang et al.   JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Evidence of Early B-Cell Dysregulation in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection: Rapid Depletion of Naive and Memory B-Cell Subsets with Delayed Reconstitution of the Naive B-Cell Population

(2009) D. Kuhrt et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Human Th17 cells in infection and autoimmunity

(2009) Federica Sallusto et al.   MICROBES AND INFECTION

A Vital Role for Interleukin-21 in the Control of a Chronic Viral Infection

(2009) J. S. Yi et al.   SCIENCE

IL-21 Is Required to Control Chronic Viral Infection

(2009) H. Elsaesser et al.   SCIENCE

IL-21R on T Cells Is Critical for Sustained Functionality and Control of Chronic Viral Infection

(2009) A. Frohlich et al.   SCIENCE

Critical Loss of the Balance between Th17 and T Regulatory Cell Populations in Pathogenic SIV Infection

(2009) David Favre et al.   PLoS Pathogens

Emerging Concepts in the Immunopathogenesis of AIDS

(2008) Daniel C. Douek et al.   Annual Review of Medicine

Differential Th17 CD4 T-cell depletion in pathogenic and nonpathogenic lentiviral infections

(2008) J. M. Brenchley et al.   BLOOD

IL-21 induces in vivo immune activation of NK cells and CD8+ T cells in patients with metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma

(2008) Klaus Stensgaard Frederiksen et al.   CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY

The Biological Functions of T Helper 17 Cell Effector Cytokines in Inflammation

(2008) Wenjun Ouyang et al.   IMMUNITY

Soluble PD-1 rescues the proliferative response of simian immunodeficiency virus-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells during chronic infection

(2008) Nattawat Onlamoon et al.   IMMUNOLOGY

Simian Immunodeficiency Virus–Induced Intestinal Cell Apoptosis Is the Underlying Mechanism of the Regenerative Enteropathy of Early Infection

(2008) Qingsheng Li et al.   JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES

Altered balance between Th17 and Th1 cells at mucosal sites predicts AIDS progression in simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques

(2008) V Cecchinato et al.   Mucosal Immunology

Simian immunodeficiency virus–induced mucosal interleukin-17 deficiency promotes Salmonella dissemination from the gut

(2008) Manuela Raffatellu et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Decreased Levels of Circulating IL-21 in HIV-Infected AIDS Patients: Correlation with CD4+ T-Cell Counts

(2008) Alexandre Iannello et al.   VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY

Interleukin-21: Basic Biology and Implications for Cancer and Autoimmunity

(2007) Rosanne Spolski et al.   Annual Review of Immunology