Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Juan Tamargo, Stefan Agewall
Summary: This study investigates the association between oral fluoroquinolones and the risk of aortic or mitral regurgitation, suggesting a potential link between these drugs and valvular heart disease.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Despina D. Briana, Vassiliki Papaevangelou, Ariadne Malamitsi-Puchner
Summary: The human microbiome plays a crucial role in regulating normal development, but the timing of its establishment and colonization in the placenta remains unclear. Studies have shown microbial communities in the placenta even under normal conditions, impacting the metabolic and immune functions of the fetus with potential long-term consequences.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Chittaranja N. Andrade
Summary: The use of beta-blockers has long been associated with the risk of depression. However, a recent meta-analysis found that beta-blockers were not associated with an increased risk of depression, but were linked to higher risks of fatigue, tiredness, and unusual dreams. This suggests that the symptoms of fatigue and unusual dreams may be mistaken for depression, leading to the perceived association between beta-blockers and depression risk.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Letter
Infectious Diseases
Benjamin Giles, Paul Meredith, Samuel Robson, Gary Smith, Anoop Chauhan
Summary: The information above covers topics such as clotting issues after COVID-19 vaccination, comparing immunogenicity between different vaccines, and the relationship between neutralizing antibodies and protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Khalil Khalil, Jessica Forcillo
Summary: Aortic interventions remain a key treatment for severe aortic stenosis, with ongoing debate between bioprosthetic and mechanical valves in younger patients. Emerging options like the Ross procedure are gaining traction, although expertise centers are necessary. Patient informed consent is crucial, with expectations needing to remain realistic.
REVIEWS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Liseane P. Thives, Enedir Ghisi, Juarez J. Thives Junior, Abel Silva Vieira
Summary: Asbestos, widely used in various industries for many years due to its unique properties, has harmful effects on human health, including causing different types of cancer. Despite being banned in many countries since the 1980s, asbestos is still present in buildings constructed before the 1990s. A literature review was conducted to provide an overview of asbestos use effects and relevant topics, such as asbestos characteristics, human exposure risks, permitted/banned countries, reducing asbestos in the built environment, and environmental impact. The findings highlight the continued risk posed by asbestos-containing materials (ACMs), especially in areas where asbestos management plans are lacking and awareness of asbestos health risks is low. Developing countries may face more challenges in managing ACMs. The study concludes that a worldwide ban on asbestos is necessary.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Salman R. Punekar, Jeffrey S. Weber
Summary: Tilsotolimod, a TLR9 agonist, administered intratumorally, has the ability to change the tumor microenvironment, converting noninflamed tumors into inflamed ones and potentially increasing their responsiveness to immune checkpoint blockade.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
David Alan Grier
Summary: Throughout its existence, Computer has been at the center of discussion over how software should be engineered and developed. No article has been more central to this discussion than Frederick P. Brooks' No Silver Bullet.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Vaibhavkumar N. Mehta, Nirav Ghinaiya, Jigneshkumar Rohit, Rakesh Kumar Singhal, Hirakendu Basu, Suresh Kumar Kailasa
Summary: Metal nanoparticles have shown significant potential in enhancing the sensitivity of UV -Visible spectrometry and can be used for miniaturized colorimetric assay of various molecules. The interaction between metal nanoparticles and trace level pesticides can induce aggregation and cause noticeable color changes. This review summarizes the role of ligand chemistry on metal nanoparticles for colorimetric detection of pesticides and discusses the challenges and future perspectives.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Mathematical
Aniruddha Ramgir, Dominique Lamy
Summary: Our search performance is strongly influenced by past experience, with selection history guiding attention, particularly in the case of feature intertrial priming. Strong evidence suggests that feature intertrial priming can guide attention when observers are encouraged to maintain critical features in visual working memory or form expectations about upcoming targets.
PSYCHONOMIC BULLETIN & REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Michel Goldman
Summary: The paper suggests that attention should be given to clinical observations of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines potentially causing harmful effects in certain immunological diseases. The example of atypical thrombocytopenic thromboses caused by adenoviral-vector-based vaccines is used to argue that post-marketing pharmacovigilance programs may not be sufficient in identifying rare vaccine-related disorders. Additionally, the safety of mRNA vaccines is proposed to be further assessed through appropriately designed epidemiological and mechanistic studies focusing on lymphoproliferative and autoimmune diseases involving T follicular helper cells.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ilaria Corsi, Martin Federico Desimone, Jimena Cazenave
Summary: Nanotechnologies have rapidly developed and are considered the new industrial revolution. The production and applications of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) and nanoparticles (NPs) have led to environmental exposure with health consequences. This article reviews the critical characteristics of ENM/Ps and highlights the importance of safety by design in reducing potential toxicological risks.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Hanna Nohynek, Annelies Wilder-Smith
Summary: Although there was a global shortage of Covid-19 vaccines in 2021, by mid 2022, vaccine supply will no longer be a limiting factor in achieving more equitable coverage. Efforts to scale up manufacturing capacity through the COVAX program and other means are projected to meet the World Health Organization's target of vaccinating 70% of the global population by mid 2022.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Adam Sang, Eugenia Shmidt, Genevieve B. Melton
Summary: Data suggests that proper mesenteric treatment in Crohn's colitis may reduce the need for subsequent surgeries, but this data has not yet influenced surgical practices.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tianxi Yang, Laxmi Adhikari, Teena Paulose, Reiner Bleher, Timothy V. Duncan
Summary: The study found that sucrose and microcrystalline titanium dioxide enhance the migration of silver nanoparticles from food packaging, and there may be a synergistic relationship between sucrose and microcrystalline titanium dioxide. In addition, titanium dioxide particles also affect the migration of silver. These findings reveal that food formulations and interactions between different components are important factors to consider in the fate of nanoparticles in consumer applications.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-NANO
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michael J. Burgum, Martin J. D. Clift, Stephen J. Evans, Nicole Hondow, Mark Miller, Sandra Bustamante Lopez, Adam Williams, Afshin Tarat, Gareth J. Jenkins, Shareen H. Doak
Summary: This study assessed the inhalation hazard of industrially relevant FLG with different surface functionalization and found that neutral-FLG and amine-FLG can induce genotoxicity in human lung epithelial cells, while carboxyl-FLG does not cause significant genotoxicity. This suggests a possible role for carboxyl groups in scavenging radicals produced via oxidative stress.
Article
Toxicology
Katherine E. Chapman, Eleanor C. Wilde, Fiona M. Chapman, Jatin R. Verma, Ume-Kulsoom Shah, Leanne M. Stannard, Anna L. Seager, James A. Tonkin, M. Rowan Brown, Ann T. Doherty, George E. Johnson, Shareen H. Doak, Gareth J. S. Jenkins
Summary: The study employed a holistic, multiple-endpoint approach using low doses of selected carcinogens and non-carcinogens to assess perturbations in molecular and cellular endpoints, successfully distinguishing carcinogens from non-carcinogens. Avoidance of misleading in vitro outcomes could lead to the reduction and replacement of animals in carcinogenicity testing.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Natalie Burden, Martin J. D. Clift, Gareth J. S. Jenkins, Briony Labram, Fiona Sewell
Summary: The unique properties of nanomaterials require additional considerations for safety assessment compared to traditional materials. Developing new testing methods is essential to effectively evaluate the hazards and risks associated with nanomaterials.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nicholas G. Mowbray, Rowena Griffiths, Ashley Akbari, Hayley Hutchings, Gareth Jenkins, Bilal Al-Sarireh
Summary: The study found that centralisation of pancreatic cancer services in South Wales led to a small increase in overall survival for patients, but did not significantly improve survival for patients undergoing surgical resection or chemotherapy. Despite increased rates of surgical resection and chemotherapy utilization, many patients still did not receive any treatment.
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Melanie Kah, Linda J. Johnston, Rai S. Kookana, Wendy Bruce, Andrea Haase, Vera Ritz, Jordan Dinglasan, Shareen Doak, Hemda Garelick, Vladimir Gubala
Summary: Nanopesticides are advancing in research and development and appearing on the market, prompting the need for a comprehensive framework and guidance for human health risk assessments. The study suggests adapting existing pesticide frameworks, identifying relevant nanopesticide entities and their concentrations, and addressing additional data requirements based on the nature of the nanopesticides. The tiered approach proposed in the framework aims to support regulators and industry in making informed decisions on nanopesticide submissions.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Samantha Llewellyn, Wolfgang J. Parak, Jonas Huhn, Michael J. Burgum, Stephen J. Evans, Katherine E. Chapman, Gareth J. S. Jenkins, Shareen H. Doak, Martin J. D. Clift
Summary: This study investigates the potential (geno)toxicity and impact on telomere integrity of gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (ENPs) in lung epithelial cell lines. Gold ENPs showed a significant genotoxic response and induced DNA damage and cell cycle stall, while silver ENPs did not show significant genotoxicity. Both ENPs may have the potential to cause telomere attrition. Additionally, the study confirms that both lung cell cultures used are suitable and reliable for assessing ENP hazards.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shareen H. Doak, Martin J. D. Clift, Anna Costa, Christiaan Delmaar, Ilse Gosens, Sabina Halappanavar, Sean Kelly, Willie J. G. M. Pejinenburg, Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser, Roel P. F. Schins, Vicki Stone, Lang Tran, Martina G. Vijver, Ulla Vogel, Wendel Wohlleben, Flemming R. Cassee
Summary: The European Green Deal aims to build a more sustainable, climate neutral, and circular economy by 2050. To achieve this, the European Commission has released the Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability, which sets targets for innovation in addressing challenges posed by hazardous chemicals and animal testing. The PATROLS project has developed innovative tools to support the safe and sustainable development of new nano-enabled products.
Article
Toxicology
Stephen J. Evans, Rachel L. Lawrence, Martha Ilett, Michael J. Burgum, Kirsty Meldrum, Nicole Hondow, Gareth J. Jenkins, Martin J. D. Clift, Shareen H. Doak
Summary: This study assessed the cellular interaction and cytotoxicity of five types of TiO2 particles in human lymphoblast and type-II alveolar epithelial cells. The results showed that these industrially relevant TiO2 particles did not induce cytotoxicity within the applied dose range.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kirsty Meldrum, Joana A. Moura, Shareen H. Doak, Martin J. D. Clift
Summary: This study used fluid flow conditions to simulate the lung environment and investigate the effects of particle exposure on cells in an in vitro model. The results showed that exposure under fluid flow conditions can influence cell viability, membrane integrity, and inflammatory responses, depending on the type and concentration of particles.
Article
Toxicology
Samantha Llewellyn, Ali Kermanizadeh, Victor Ude, Nicklas Raun Jacobsen, Gillian E. Conway, Ume-Kulsoom Shah, Marije Niemeijer, Martijn J. Mone, Bob van de Water, Shambhu Roy, Wolfgang Moritz, Vicki Stone, Gareth J. S. Jenkins, Shareen H. Doak
Summary: To reduce animal testing, the development of physiologically relevant in vitro test systems is emphasized. This study evaluated the transferability and reproducibility of two liver models for nanomaterial and chemical hazard assessment, showing good consistency and reproducibility.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Shareen H. Doak, Cristina Andreoli, Michael J. Burgum, Qasim Chaudhry, Eric A. J. Bleeker, Cecilia Bossa, Josefa Domenech, Damjana Drobne, Valerie Fessard, Nina Jeliazkova, Eleonora Longhin, Elise Runden-Pran, Maciej Stepnik, Naouale El Yamani, Julia Catalan, Maria Dusinska
Summary: Genotoxicity testing for nanomaterials is challenging and requires adaptation of standard testing approaches. New approach methodologies (NAMs) are being developed to provide relevant information on genotoxic action. The implementation and utilization of NAMs for nanomaterial genotoxicity assessment in a regulatory context need clarification and increased engagement between scientists and regulators.
Editorial Material
Ecology
Gareth B. Jenkins, Andrew P. Beckerman, Celine Bellard, Ana Benitez-Lopez, Aaron M. Ellison, Christopher G. Foote, Andrew L. Hufton, Marcus A. Lashley, Christopher J. Lortie, Zhaoxue Ma, Allen J. Moore, Shawn R. Narum, Johan Nilsson, Bridget O'Boyle, Diogo B. Provete, Orly Razgour, Loren Rieseberg, Cynthia Riginos, Luca Santini, Benjamin Sibbett, Pedro R. Peres-Neto
Summary: We urge journals to mandate archiving open data in a user-friendly format for readers. Consistent implementation will allow contributors to receive recognition through open data citation and promote scientific advancements.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Leanne M. Stannard, Ann Doherty, Katherine E. Chapman, Shareen H. Doak, Gareth J. Jenkins
Summary: Cadmium chloride (CdCl2) has multiple effects on cells, including DNA damage, cell cycle abnormalities, and changes in cell shape. The main mechanisms behind these effects involve the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), oxidative DNA damage, and activation of p53.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kirsty Meldrum, Stephen J. Evans, Ulla Vogel, Lang Tran, Shareen H. Doak, Martin J. D. Clift
Summary: Exposure to engineered nanomaterials can pose health risks, and this study aimed to determine the level of hazard using in vitro lung cell cultures. The results showed that DQ(12) caused pro-inflammatory responses, while TiO2 and BaSO4 did not. These findings highlight the importance of considering the appropriateness of positive controls, cell culture model, exposure time, and type when determining the response to specific ENMs.
