Article
Clinical Neurology
Jing Qian, Rebecca A. Betensky, Bradley T. Hyman, Alberto Serrano-Pozo
Summary: The study found that compared to the APOE epsilon 3/epsilon 3 reference genotype, the APOE epsilon 2 and epsilon 4 alleles have opposite effects on the rate of cognitive decline. These effects are clinically relevant and largely independent of the differential APOE allele effects on AD and comorbid pathologies, indicating that APOE genotype contributes to the heterogeneity in the rate of clinical progression in AD.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elnaz Assadpour, Harriette G. C. Van Spall
Summary: Pregnant, lactating or women of childbearing potential are often excluded from cardiovascular randomized controlled trials, and this practice needs to be changed.
Article
Clinical Neurology
David D. Ward, Lindsay M. K. Wallace, Kenneth Rockwood
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between health-deficit accumulation and the risks of MCI and dementia independently of the APOE genotype; the results showed that an increasing frailty index was associated with a higher risk of developing MCI and dementia, regardless of the presence of the APOE e4 allele.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Nirosen Vijiaratnam, Thomas Foltynie
Summary: The recent validation of the alpha-synuclein seed amplification assay as a biomarker for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease has provided a basis for a proposed staging system in clinical studies. However, further challenges exist in finding biomarkers for disease modifying agents, including optimizing distinction between different alpha-synucleinopathies and predicting clinical benefit. The use of additional biomarkers, such as CSF proteins and imaging techniques, may enhance trial planning and assessment of interventions.
Review
Cell Biology
Li-Kai Huang, Yi-Chun Kuan, Ho-Wei Lin, Chaur-Jong Hu
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a major cause of dementia, and the approval of new drugs through clinical trials has brought hope to patients. Ongoing clinical trials are focused on exploring the treatment of the disease mechanism and early intervention through new drugs.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Perrine Janiaud, Lars G. Hemkens, John P. A. Ioannidis
Summary: The COVID-19 crisis has resulted in a large number of clinical trials activities, with most trials being small in scale and experiencing delays in publishing results. Small trials and observational analyses may generate misleading conclusions, while larger trials are more likely to produce consistent evidence. The pandemic has disrupted trial conduct, leading to the development and wider adoption of new methods to facilitate recruitment and overall trial implementation.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raffaele Cacciaglia, Gemma Salvado, Jose Luis Molinuevo, Mahnaz Shekari, Carles Falcon, Gregory Operto, Marc Suarez-Calvet, Marta Mila-Aloma, Arianna Sala, Elena Rodriguez-Vieitez, Gwendlyn Kollmorgen, Ivonne Suridjan, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Juan Domingo Gispert
Summary: Amyloid (A beta) pathology is the earliest detectable pathophysiological event along the Alzheimer's continuum, and risk factors may promote an imbalance between soluble and deposited A beta, affecting the spatial patterns of cerebral A beta aggregation.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Heather M. Wilkins, Xiaowan Wang, Blaise W. Menta, Scott J. Koppel, Rebecca Bothwell, Annette M. Becker, Heidi Anderson, Erin Schwartz, Dong Pei, Nanda K. Yellapu, Prabhakar Chalise, Cynthia M. Gouvion, Mohammad Haeri, Jeffrey M. Burns, Russell H. Swerdlow
Summary: The study revealed that the APOE ε4 genotype affects platelet and lymphocyte metabolism in Alzheimer's disease patients, showing lower platelet mitochondrial activity and higher lymphocyte apoptosis markers in APOE ε4 carriers. Proteins related to mitophagy and energy sensing were elevated in APOE ε4 lymphocytes, possibly representing compensatory changes. RNA sequencing also indicated activation of inflammatory pathways and modulation of bioenergetic signaling in APOE ε4 carriers.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Inmaculada Xu Lou, Jiayue Chen, Kamran Ali, Abdul Lateef Shaikh, Qilan Chen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of pharmacological treatment on cognitive function and overall psychological state in patients with Alzheimer's disease. A review of 17 randomized clinical trials revealed the testing of new drugs in recent years, but further research is needed due to the limited available studies.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Satoshi Hattori, Sho Komukai, Tim Friede
Summary: In randomized clinical trials, incorporating baseline covariates can improve the power in hypothesis testing for treatment effects. The Cox proportional hazards model with baseline covariates as explanatory variables can improve the standard logrank test. We propose a simple strategy for sizing randomized clinical trials utilizing historical data and derive a power formula for the augmented logrank test.
STATISTICS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Simona Cintoli, Camilla Elefante, Claudia Radicchi, Giulio Emilio Brancati, Silvia Bacciardi, Joyce Bonaccorsi, Gabriele Siciliano, Icro Maremmani, Giulio Perugi, Gloria Tognoni
Summary: This study examines the influence of affective temperament on the motivation of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) to participate in clinical trials. The findings suggest that temperamental features can impact the willingness of patients with MCI and SCD to participate in clinical trials, particularly pharmacological studies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Young Won Kim, Ismael Al-Ramahi, Amanda Koire, Stephen J. Wilson, Daniel M. Konecki, Samantha Mota, Shirin Soleimani, Juan Botas, Olivier Lichtarge
Summary: The study found that the roles of APOE e4 and APOE e2 in Alzheimer's disease are inconsistent, and identified potential genetic modifiers through comparing coding variations in different genes, which may provide robust predictive power for risk stratification and offer potential clues for new biomarkers and therapeutic interventions.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Julianne M. Falotico, Rebecca Lapides, Shari R. Lipner
Summary: Onychomycosis, the most common nail disease, not only affects aesthetics but also causes pain and difficulties in daily activities. Many patients fail to be cured with antifungal monotherapy and recurrences are common. Combination therapy has potential benefits but lacks sufficient study. It is recommended to reserve combination therapy as a second-line treatment option for patients with poor prognostic factors or those who failed monotherapy for onychomycosis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Javad Safdari Lord, Javad Soltani Rezaiezadeh, Mir Saeed Yekaninejad, Pantea Izadi
Summary: The study examined the association between APOE genotype and the severity of COVID-19 disease. The results showed that the e4 allele is associated with an increased risk of severe COVID-19 infection.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Claudio Babiloni, Xianghong Arakaki, Hamed Azami, Karim Bennys, Katarzyna Blinowska, Laura Bonanni, Ana Bujan, Maria C. Carrillo, Andrzej Cichocki, Jaisalmer de Frutos-Lucas, Claudio Del Percio, Bruno Dubois, Rebecca Edelmayer, Gary Egan, Stephane Epelbaum, Javier Escudero, Alan Evans, Francesca Farina, Keith Fargo, Alberto Fernandez, Raffaele Ferri, Giovanni Frisoni, Harald Hampel, Michael G. Harrington, Vesna Jelic, Jaeseung Jeong, Yang Jiang, Maciej Kaminski, Voyko Kavcic, Kerry Kilborn, Sanjeev Kumar, Alice Lam, Lew Lim, Roberta Lizio, David Lopez, Susanna Lopez, Brendan Lucey, Fernando Maestu, William J. McGeown, Ian McKeith, Davide Vito Moretti, Flavio Nobili, Giuseppe Noce, John Olichney, Marco Onofrj, Ricardo Osorio, Mario Parra-Rodriguez, Tarek Rajji, Petra Ritter, Andrea Soricelli, Fabrizio Stocchi, Ioannis Tarnanas, John Paul Taylor, Stefan Teipel, Federico Tucci, Mitchell Valdes-Sosa, Pedro Valdes-Sosa, Marco Weiergraeber, Gorsev Yener, Bahar Guntekin
Summary: The Electrophysiology Professional Interest Area and Global Brain Consortium endorsed recommendations on EEG measures for Alzheimer's disease clinical trials, emphasizing the need for standardized measurement methods and international collaboration.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2021)
