Article
Clinical Neurology
Ayesha C. Sujan, Nerissa Nance, Charles Quesenberry, Kathryn Ridout, Mibhali Bhalala, Lyndsay A. Avalos
Summary: This study found racial and ethnic differences in perinatal depression and anxiety. Asian individuals had a lower risk of perinatal depression and anxiety but a higher risk of severe depression during pregnancy. Non-Hispanic Black individuals had a higher risk of perinatal depression and anxiety. Hispanic individuals had a lower risk of depression during pregnancy but a higher risk of postpartum depression and severe depression during and after pregnancy. Targeted prevention, intervention, and destigmatization efforts should be implemented for different racial and ethnic groups.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Danja Sarink, Lynne R. Wilkens, Kami K. White, Loic Le Marchand, Anna H. Wu, V. Wendy Setiawan, S. Lani Park, Song-Yi Park, Jeffrey L. Killeen, Melissa A. Merritt
Summary: The study found that higher BMI and BMI at age 21 were strongly associated with increased endometrial cancer risk. While parity was inversely associated with risk in most groups, this was not the case for African Americans. Current use of postmenopausal hormones was associated with increased risk in Whites and Japanese Americans.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Caitlin B. Biddell, Stephanie B. Wheeler, Rebekah S. M. Angove, Kathleen D. Gallagher, Eric Anderson, Erin E. Kent, Lisa P. Spees
Summary: NH Black and Hispanic/Latinx respondents more commonly reported employment-related income loss and health insurance changes compared to NH White respondents, which may be due to documented racial/ethnic differences in job types, benefit generosity, and employment protections.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dowin Boatright, Nientara Anderson, Jung G. Kim, Eric S. Holmboe, William A. McDade, Tonya Fancher, Cary P. Gross, Sarwat Chaudhry, Mytien Nguyen, Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako, Eve Colson, Yunshan Xu, Fangyong Li, James D. Dziura, Somnath Saha
Summary: This study examines the association between race and ethnicity and performance assessments among internal medicine residents. The results show that underrepresented in medicine and Asian residents received lower ratings on performance assessments compared to White residents during the first and second years of training, indicating the presence of racial bias in assessment.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emily F. Liu, Yeyi Zhu, Assiamira Ferrara, Monique M. Hedderson
Summary: Meeting the Institute of Medicine guidelines for gestational weight gain is associated with reduced risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. Poor diet quality, as measured by the Healthy Eating Index 2010, is associated with an increased risk of excessive gestational weight gain in the second and third trimesters. This association is stronger among pregnant individuals who are not overweight or obese and among those who identify as Black or White race and ethnicity.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
R. Angel Garcia, John A. Spertus, Saket Girotra, Brahmajee K. Nallamothu, Kevin F. Kennedy, Bryan F. McNally, Khadijah Breathett, Marina Del Rios, Comilla Sasson, Paul S. Chan
Summary: In cases of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, Black and Hispanic individuals are less likely to receive bystander CPR compared to White individuals, regardless of the racial or ethnic makeup or income level of the neighborhood.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Emma Preston, Marissa Chan, Katerina Nozhenko, Andrea Bellavia, Marissa C. Grenon, David E. Cantonwine, Thomas F. McElrath, Tamarra James-Todd
Summary: The study investigated differences in personal care product (PCP) use by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) among pregnant women. Results showed that patterns of PCP use differed by race/ethnicity and SES, potentially impacting differential exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and associated pregnancy outcomes.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Eleanor Hayes-Larson, Taylor M. Mobley, Andrea Gilmore-Bykovskyi, Crystal Shaw, Arun Karlamangla, Jennifer J. Manly, Elizabeth Rose Mayeda
Summary: This study revealed racial/ethnic disparities in poor health-related quality of life among older adults in the United States, with Blacks and Latinos reporting higher rates of poor HRQOL compared to whites. These disparities were more pronounced among those without dementia.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jialing Jiang, Christopher M. Warren, Audrey Brewer, Gary Soffer, Ruchi S. Gupta
Summary: This survey study aimed to estimate the national distribution of food allergies across racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups in the US. The results showed that the prevalence of food allergies was highest among Asian, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic Black individuals compared with non-Hispanic White individuals. The study suggests further assessment of socioeconomic factors and corresponding environmental exposures to better understand the causes of food allergy and reduce disparities in outcomes.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Layla Parast, Megan Mathews, Steven Martino, William G. Lehrman, Debra Stark, Marc N. Elliott
Summary: The study found that black and Hispanic patients were more likely to utilize emergency department services compared to white patients. Additionally, Hispanic and black patients reported better communication with doctors and nurses, and were more likely to recommend the emergency department.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Diana Montoya-Williams, Molly Passarella, William A. Grobman, Scott A. Lorch
Summary: Resilience scores vary significantly among women of different races and ethnicities, but do not fully explain the racial/ethnic disparities in low birthweight. Among highly resilient women, the risk-adjusted rate of low birthweight was higher for Black women compared to White and Hispanic women.
JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Alex J. Bates, B. R. Simon Rosser, Elizabeth J. Polter, Christopher W. Wheldon, Kristine M. C. Talley, Ryan Haggart, Morgan Wright, Darryl Mitteldorf, William West, Michael W. Ross, Badrinath R. Konety, Nidhi Kohli
Summary: This exploratory study provides the first evidence that sexual minority men of color may have worse health-related quality of life outcomes compared to white, non-Hispanic sexual minority men following prostate cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shanada Monestime, Bettina Beech, Dulcie Kermah, Keith Norris
Summary: The study found that among NHANES participants with MetS, the prevalence of obesity-related cancers was significantly higher in non-Hispanic Black and Hispanic individuals, females, and older adults.
Article
Allergy
Eric M. Wohlford, Peter F. Huang, Jennifer R. Elhawary, Lauren A. Millette, Maria G. Contreras, Jonathan Witonsky, Cecile T. J. Holweg, Sam S. Oh, Christine Lee, Christine Merenda, Ronald L. Rabin, Richardae Araojo, Angel C. Y. Mak, Celeste S. Eng, Donglei Hu, Scott Huntsman, Michael A. LeNoir, Jose R. Rodriguez-Santana, Luisa N. Borrell, Esteban G. Burchard
Summary: Population-specific associations between blood parameters and asthma subtypes with asthma outcomes were found, suggesting eligibility for asthma biologic therapies differs across pediatric racial/ethnic populations. More studies in diverse populations are needed for equitable treatment of minority patients with asthma.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Donna Luff, Sara W. Buscher, Valerie L. Ward, Sonia A. Ballal, Paul Holden, Rachelle Pierre, Paul Won, Eun Jin Yu, Sara L. Toomey
Summary: This study examined the differences in family experience of care in the pediatric ambulatory setting. It found that insurance status played an important role in perceptions of care, and family-clinician interactions were vital for a positive overall experience.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chong-Su Kim
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in brain function through the gut-brain axis. This review highlights the effects of gut microbiota-derived dietary metabolites on cell-to-cell interactions in the central nervous system, particularly microglia, astrocytes, and neuronal cells, affecting cognitive function, mood, and behavior. The review also discusses the potential of diet-induced microbial metabolite-based therapies as novel approaches to mental health treatment.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION
(2024)