Article
Microbiology
Henning Gruell, Kanika Vanshylla, Michael Korenkov, Pinkus Tober-Lau, Matthias Zehner, Friederike Munn, Hanna Janicki, Max Augustin, Philipp Schommers, Leif Erik Sander, Florian Kurth, Christoph Kreer, Florian Klein
Summary: The newly emerged Omicron sublineages BA.4/5 show reduced susceptibility to vaccinee sera, with distinct antigenic differences and escape patterns among different Omicron sublineages. However, promising antibodies with high pan-SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing potency have also been identified.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rory Henderson, Ye Zhou, Victoria Stalls, Kevin Wiehe, Kevin O. Saunders, Kshitij Wagh, Kara Anasti, Maggie Barr, Robert Parks, S. Munir Alam, Bette Korber, Barton F. Haynes, Alberto Bartesaghi, Priyamvada Acharya
Summary: Antibody affinity maturation plays a crucial role in adaptive immune responses to pathogens. This study focuses on the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies against rapidly mutating pathogens such as HIV-1. By determining the structures of antibodies at different stages of development, the researchers identify key mutations and potential solutions for improving affinity maturation, which can inform the design of effective vaccines.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simone Conti, Kevin J. Kaczorowski, Ge Song, Katelyn Porter, Raiees Andrabi, Dennis R. Burton, Arup K. Chakraborty, Martin Karplus
Summary: Developing a vaccine that can generate broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV is crucial in combating the HIV epidemic, but it requires at least three stages. The challenge lies in designing an optimal panel of antigens that can elicit such antibodies.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Simone Conti, Kevin J. Kaczorowski, Ge Song, Katelyn Porter, Raiees Andrabi, Dennis R. Burton, Arup K. Chakraborty, Martin Karplus
Summary: Research has shown that a vaccine capable of eliciting broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV has potential to protect against the virus, involving at least three separate stages. This vaccine may require immunization with a mixture of Envs.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Inbal Farkash, Tali Feferman, Noy Cohen-Saban, Yahel Avraham, David Morgenstern, Grace Mayuni, Natasha Barth, Yaniv Lustig, Liron Miller, Dror S. Shouval, Asaf Biber, Ilya Kirgner, Yishai Levin, Rony Dahan
Summary: mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines induce strong anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses with unique and dynamic Fc compositions. The vaccine-induced antibodies exhibit differences in Fab and Fc-mediated functions between age groups and natural infection-generated antibodies. These findings suggest heterogeneity in Fc responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination may support long-lasting protection differently.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dami A. Collier, Anna De Marco, Isabella A. T. M. Ferreira, Bo Meng, Rawlings P. Datir, Alexandra C. Walls, Steven A. Kemp, Jessica Bassi, Dora Pinto, Chiara Silacci-Fregni, Siro Bianchi, M. Alejandra Tortorici, John Bowen, Katja Culap, Stefano Jaconi, Elisabetta Cameroni, Gyorgy Snell, Matteo S. Pizzuto, Alessandra Franzetti Pellanda, Christian Garzoni, Agostino Riva, Anne Elmer, Nathalie Kingston, Barbara Graves, Laura E. Mccoy, Kenneth G. C. Smith, John R. Bradley, Nigel Temperton, Lourdes Ceron-Gutierrez, Gabriela Barcenas-Morales, William Harvey, Herbert W. Virgin, Antonio Lanzavecchia, Luca Piccoli, Rainer Doffinger, Mark Wills, David Veesler, Davide Corti, Ravindra K. Gupta
Summary: The B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2 exhibited reduced neutralization by vaccines and antibodies from recovered COVID-19 patients, with a more substantial loss seen when introducing the E484K mutation. This mutation poses a threat to the efficacy of the BNT162b2 vaccine.
Article
Cell Biology
Yannic C. Bartsch, Xin Tong, Jaewon Kang, Maria Jose Avendano, Eileen F. Serrano, Tamara Garcia-Salum, Catalina Pardo-Roa, Arnoldo Riquelme, Yongfei Cai, Isabella Renzi, Guillaume Stewart-Jones, Bing Chen, Rafael A. Medina, Galit Alter
Summary: Despite evading neutralizing antibodies, the Omicron variant does not increase death rates in highly vaccinated populations, suggesting the presence of immune mechanisms beyond antibody-mediated virus neutralization. Vaccine-induced Spike protein-specific antibodies continue to drive Fc effector functions, indicating the potential of extraneutralizing antibodies in disease control.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qi Zhang, Bin Ju, Jiwan Ge, Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan, Lin Cheng, Ruoke Wang, Weijin Huang, Mengqi Fang, Peng Chen, Bing Zhou, Shuo Song, Sisi Shan, Baohua Yan, Senyan Zhang, Xiangyang Ge, Jiazhen Yu, Juanjuan Zhao, Haiyan Wang, Li Liu, Qining Lv, Lili Fu, Xuanling Shi, Kwok Yung Yuen, Lei Liu, Youchun Wang, Zhiwei Chen, Linqi Zhang, Xinquan Wang, Zheng Zhang
Summary: The study identifies potent neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 with shared genetic features, termed as public antibodies. While one representative antibody demonstrates high protective efficacy in experiments, virus escape analysis reveals challenges faced by these public antibodies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Allison J. Greaney, Tyler N. Starr, Christopher O. Barnes, Yiska Weisblum, Fabian Schmidt, Marina Caskey, Christian Gaebler, Alice Cho, Marianna Agudelo, Shlomo Finkin, Zijun Wang, Daniel Poston, Frauke Muecksch, Theodora Hatziioannou, Paul D. Bieniasz, Davide F. Robbiani, Michel C. Nussenzweig, Pamela J. Bjorkman, Jesse D. Bloom
Summary: The study found that although the human immune system can produce antibodies that target diverse RBD epitopes, in practice, the polyclonal response to infection tends to be skewed towards a single class of antibodies targeting an epitope that is already undergoing rapid evolution.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fatima Amanat, Mahima Thapa, Tinting Lei, Shaza M. Sayed Ahmed, Daniel C. Adelsberg, Juan Manuel Carreno, Shirin Strohmeier, Aaron J. Schmitz, Sarah Zafar, Julian Q. Zhou, Willemijn Rijnink, Hala Alshammary, Nicholas Borcherding, Ana Gonzalez Reiche, Komal Srivastava, Emilia Mia Sordillo, Harm van Bakel, Jackson S. Turner, Goran Bajic, Viviana Simon, Ali H. Ellebedy, Florian Krammer
Summary: After receiving the SARS-CoV-2 spike mRNA vaccine, individuals showed robust polyclonal antibody responses, with a majority of vaccine-induced antibodies lacking neutralizing activity. However, vaccine-induced RBD binding antibodies may offer substantial protection against viral variants carrying single E484K RBD mutations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nuno Taveira, Ines Figueiredo, Rita Calado, Francisco Martin, Ines Bartolo, Jose M. Marcelino, Pedro Borrego, Fernando Cardoso, Helena Barroso
Summary: Developing immunogens that can elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) is crucial for the development of an effective HIV vaccine. In this study, a prime-boost vaccination strategy using vaccinia virus expressing the gp120 envelope glycoprotein of HIV-2 and a polypeptide comprising specific regions of the envelope glycoprotein was shown to elicit bNAbs against both HIV-1 and HIV-2. The findings suggest that a chimeric envelope glycoprotein containing specific regions from both viruses could be a potential vaccine immunogen to target neutralizing epitopes in both HIV-1 and HIV-2.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Daseuli Yu, Hee-Jeong Han, Jeonghye Yu, Jihye Kim, Gun-Hee Lee, Ju-Hee Yang, Byeong-Min Song, Dongseob Tark, Byeong-Sun Choi, Sang -Min Kang, Won Do Heo
Summary: CRISPR-Cas13-mediated viral genome targeting is an effective strategy for combating SARS-CoV-2 and its variants. By using mRNA-encoded Cas13b, specifically targeting the ORF1b region, the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene can be degraded. Among the designed CRISPR RNAs, those targeting the pseudoknot site upstream of ORF1b were found to be most effective in suppressing viral propagation. Pseudoknot-targeting Cas13b not only reduced spike protein expression and viral replication by 99%, but also inhibited the replication of multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Rodak, Katharina Stadlbauer, Madhusudhan Reddy Bobbili, Oskar Smrzka, Florian Rueker, Gordana Wozniak Knopp
Summary: This study developed an antibody-drug conjugate that showed cytotoxicity for IgE-positive cells. The antibody had fast internalization and strict target specificity, providing a valuable starting point for the development of an anti-IgE cell-depleting agent.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Meng Yuan, Deli Huang, Chang-Chun D. Lee, Nicholas C. Wu, Abigail M. Jackson, Xueyong Zhu, Hejun Liu, Linghang Peng, Marit J. Van Gils, Rogier W. Sanders, Dennis R. Burton, S. Momsen Reincke, Harald Pruss, Jakob Kreye, David Nemazee, Andrew B. Ward, Ian A. Wilson
Summary: Mutations in the RBS residues of new variant strains of the coronavirus can affect the binding and neutralizing effects of antibodies, but have little impact on antibodies targeting more conserved neutralizing sites.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Meghan E. Garrett, Jared Galloway, Helen Y. Chu, Hannah L. Itell, Caitlin Stoddard, Caitlin R. Wolf, Jennifer K. Logue, Dylan McDonald, Frederick A. Matsen, Julie Overbaugh
Summary: This study used the Phage-DMS approach to define antibody escape profiles to the SARS-CoV-2 S protein in COVID-19 convalescent plasma. It found common antibody binding regions but variable escape mutations within these regions, as well as individual variation in less commonly targeted epitopes. This suggests potential individual variation in antibody-mediated virus evolution.
Article
Immunology
Jeromine Klingler, Nicodeme Paul, Geraldine Laumond, Sylvie Schmidt, Luzia M. Mayr, Thomas Decoville, Olivier Lambotte, Brigitte Autran, Seiamak Bahram, Christiane Moog
Summary: The study found that HIV-1 controllers have a unique HIV-specific antibody profile that may contribute to the control of HIV replication. This emphasizes the importance of analyzing multifunctional antibody responses in vaccine research.
Article
Cell Biology
Raphael Carapito, Richard Li, Julie Helms, Christine Carapito, Sharvari Gujja, Veronique Rolli, Raony Guimaraes, Jose Malagon-Lopez, Perrine Spinnhirny, Alexandre Lederle, Razieh Mohseninia, Aurelie Hirschler, Leslie Muller, Paul Bastard, Adrian Gervais, Qian Zhang, Francois Danion, Yvon Ruch, Maleka Schenck, Olivier Collange, Thien-Nga Chamaraux-Tran, Anne Molitor, Angelique Pichot, Alice Bernard, Ouria Tahar, Sabrina Bibi-Triki, Haiguo Wu, Nicodeme Paul, Sylvain Mayeur, Annabel Larnicol, Geraldine Laumond, Julia Frappier, Sylvie Schmidt, Antoine Hanauer, Cecile Macquin, Tristan Stemmelen, Michael Simons, Xavier Mariette, Olivier Hermine, Samira Fafi-Kremer, Bernard Goichot, Bernard Drenou, Khaldoun Kuteifan, Julien Pottecher, Paul-Michel Mertes, Shweta Kailasan, M. Javad Aman, Elisa Pin, Peter Nilsson, Anne Thomas, Alain Viari, Damien Sanlaville, Francis Schneider, Jean Sibilia, Pierre-Louis Tharaux, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Yves Hansmann, Daniel Lidar, Mirjana Radosavljevic, Jeffrey R. Gulcher, Ferhat Meziani, Christiane Moog, Thomas W. Chittenden, Seiamak Bahram
Summary: In this study, multi-omics analysis and artificial intelligence were used to examine the differences in biological factors between critical and non-critical COVID-19 patients in a young and otherwise healthy cohort. The study identified ADAM9 as a driver of disease severity and a potential therapeutic target.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xiaofan Lu, Xin Zhang, Allen Ka Loon Cheung, Christiane Moog, Huan Xia, Zhen Li, Rui Wang, Yunxia Ji, Wei Xia, Zhiying Liu, Lin Yuan, Xiuwen Wang, Hao Wu, Tong Zhang, Bin Su
Summary: This study investigated the dynamics and relationship between circulating T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and B cells in individuals with acute and chronic HIV-1 infection. The results showed that HIV-1 infection leads to an increase in cTfh cells and certain B cell subsets during acute infection. The relationship between cTfh cells and B cells differed between acute and chronic infection stages.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Julie Lucas, Li-Yun Lin, Nicodeme Paul, Geraldine Laumond, Jeromine Klingler, Sylvie Schmidt, Julia Frappier, Asma Essat, Laurence Meyer, Alicia Castro Gordon, Cecile Goujard, Seiamak Bahram, Christiane Moog
Summary: The study found that neutralizing antibodies preferentially directed against early-transmitted founder (T/F) viruses can be induced following HIV infection. These early-induced neutralizing antibodies may have lesser maturation characteristics, making them more interesting for future vaccine designs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeromine Klingler, Gregory S. Lambert, Juan C. Bandres, Rozita Emami-Gorizi, Arthur Nadas, Kasopefoluwa Y. Oguntuyo, Fatima Amanat, Maria C. Bermudez-Gonzalez, Charles Gleason, Giulio Kleiner, Viviana Simon, Benhur Lee, Susan Zolla-Pazner, Chitra Upadhyay, Catarina E. Hioe
Summary: A study evaluated the differences between hospitalized and ambulatory patients with COVID-19. The results showed that there were no significant differences in antibody levels and functions between the two groups, but there was a strong correlation between anti-S2 antibody levels and other antibody parameters as well as higher levels of IL-27 in hospitalized patients, which was not observed in ambulatory patients.
Article
Virology
Yan Liu, Zhen Li, Xiaofan Lu, Yi-Qun Kuang, Deshenyue Kong, Xin Zhang, Xiaodong Yang, Xiuwen Wang, Tingting Mu, Hu Wang, Yihang Zhang, Junyan Jin, Wei Xia, Hao Wu, Tong Zhang, Christiane Moog, Bin Su
Summary: T follicular helper cells and their interactions with B cells play important roles in HIV pathology and immune reconstitution during antiretroviral therapy. This study investigated the impact of Tfh and memory B cell functions on T helper cell recovery in HIV-infected patients. It was found that the prevalence of Tfh cells negatively correlated with CD4(+) T-cell recovery. Certain subsets of Tfh cells and memory B cells were associated with immune recovery outcomes. Proteomic dysregulation of B and CD4(+) T cells was detected in patients with poor CD4(+) T-cell recovery. The results suggest that Tfh cells and their subsets may serve as potential predictors of poor immune recovery.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Marco Baratella, Valeria Iannone, Mariangela Cavarelli, Chiara Foglieni, Paola Vigano, Christiane Moog, Ugo Elmore, Silvia Nozza, Massimo Alfano, Andrea Salonia, Stefania Dispinseri, Gabriella Scarlatti
Summary: This study investigated the effects of human seminal plasma on the colonic mucosa. It was found that cytokines and chemokines in seminal plasma can affect the migration of mononuclear cells and the distribution of specific cell subsets on the colonic mucosa, which may have implications for pathogen sampling.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Sylvain Mayeur, Benoit Lhermitte, Justine Gantzer, Anne Molitor, Tristan Stemmelen, Sebastien Meyer, Aline Kolmer, Jean-Emmanuel Kurtz, Seiamak Bahram, Raphael Carapito
Summary: Exome sequencing of a patient with postchemotherapy thymic teratoma revealed 19 shared somatic mutations among the mature teratoma, melanocytic neuroectodermal tumor (MNT), and metastatic anaplastic MNT components. Enrichment analysis indicated the involvement of known cancer-related genes such as KRAS, TP53, ERBB4, and KDR in the development of anaplastic MNT transformation. This study provides valuable insights into the molecular characteristics of MNT and highlights the importance of understanding these tumors for improved therapeutics.
COLD SPRING HARBOR MOLECULAR CASE STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Thomas Vazquez, Lea Torrieri-Damard, Fabien Pitoiset, Beatrice Levacher, James Vigneron, Luzia Mayr, Faustine Brimaud, Benjamin Bonnet, Christiane Moog, David Klatzmann, Bertrand Bellier
Summary: Mucosal vaccination is crucial for inducing long-lasting immune responses against pathogens. This study compared particulate antigen forms with protein-based vaccines and found that particulate antigens can induce high-quality mucosal immune responses, characterized by broad, long-term neutralizing activity and high T follicular helper cell response.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shuang Li, Christiane Moog, Tong Zhang, Bin Su
Summary: Antiretroviral therapy is effective in controlling HIV replication, but cannot eliminate the virus completely. Innate and adaptive immune responses play a role in preventing HIV acquisition and controlling viral replication, but they are often insufficient to clear the infection. Optimizing immune responses and developing innovative strategies to eliminate HIV reservoirs are important for achieving a functional cure for HIV infection.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Li-Yun Lin, Raphael Carapito, Bin Su, Christiane Moog
Summary: The development of an effective HIV vaccine is urgently needed, but reproducing and improving identified antibody parameters and additional factors that influence the protective effect are difficult. Future vaccine designs should consider multifaceted antibody functions and demographic attributes.
GENES AND IMMUNITY
(2022)