Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Larissa Mendoza Straffon
Summary: The paper explores the hypothesis that art practice may be a costly signal, but not necessarily related to good genes. The Veblenian signal theory provides a better explanation for the evolution and function of art in society.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Junkyu Park, Yuno Do
Summary: This study examined whether predation pressures in the early life history of frogs can result in behavioral changes in the later stages. The results showed that tadpoles under predation pressure had smaller body sizes and slower development rates. Similarly, juvenile frogs that experienced predation pressure also exhibited morphological changes but with no impact on their locomotory performance. These findings suggest that the changes observed may not be adaptive responses to predators. Overall, the study received a score of 8 out of 10.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Jea Woog Lee, Jae Jun Nam, Kyung Doo Kang, Doug Hyun Han
Summary: This study found that smartphone app-use patterns can predict the athletic performance of professional golfers. For golfers who showed improvement, an increase in the use time of serious apps was associated with improved performance, while the use time of entertainment apps remained relatively stable.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Darin A. Croft, Malena Lorente
Summary: This study analyzed limb elongation in South American ungulate-like mammals and found that neither notoungulates nor litopterns showed a pronounced trend of limb elongation, except for proterotheriid litopterns. The results suggest that the macroevolutionary trend of limb elongation in ungulate-like mammals is not universal and is highly influenced by the evolutionary affinities of the groups being analyzed.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jacob A. Hurst, Linda S. Rayor
Summary: In species without extreme size sexual dimorphism, it was found that adult male spiders have lower body mass but longer legs, resulting in lower energetic costs of running distances for males.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Suhas Bobba, Shabaana A. Khader
Summary: Inflammatory stimuli have a lasting impact on innate immune cells, leading to intensified responses when encountering future challenges. This trained immunity is mediated by hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow and is mechanistically linked to inflammatory comorbidities.
TRENDS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Chi Jung Hung, Akihiro Yamanaka, Daisuke Ono
Summary: Sleep and wakefulness are regulated by both the homeostatic mechanism and circadian clock. The central circadian clock in the hypothalamus plays a crucial role in this process. Recent studies have shown that the circadian regulation of wakefulness is transmitted through corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neurons to orexin neurons. However, the role of the molecular clock in CRF neurons in sleep and wakefulness regulation remains unclear. By studying CRF neuron-specific Bmal1-deficient mice, it was found that the absence of Bmal1 in these neurons does not affect circadian locomotor activity or sleep and wakefulness.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Mahaut Sorlin, Jamie R. Marks, Simon P. Lailvaux
Summary: This study examined the relationship between endurance and exertion capacity in green anole lizards. The results showed that exertion capacity was unaffected by different types of training and that the relationship between endurance and exertion capacity was inconsistent, particularly among females. The study suggests that exertion should be studied as an independent locomotor trait rather than a proxy for endurance.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Georgia Watt, Tim Karl, Rose Chesworth
Summary: Circadian rhythm has significant impacts on the physiological domains and behavior expression in mice, such as body temperature, hormone levels, and immune function. However, the effects on cognitive behavior are not well-established, and there is limited research on the impact of circadian rhythm on operant responding in mice.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
George Z. Wei, Sujata Saraswat Ohri, Nicolas K. Khattar, Adam W. Listerman, Catherine H. Doyle, Kariena R. Andres, Saravanan S. Karuppagounder, Rajiv R. Ratan, Scott R. Whittemore, Michal Hetman
Summary: PHD inhibition can reduce neuronal death driven by ATF4, but does not improve long-term hindlimb locomotion or increase chronic white matter sparing after SCI. In the context of traumatic CNS pathologies involving acute white matter injury, PHDs may not be suitable targets for improving outcomes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andhini N. Zurman-Nasution, Bharathram Ganapathisubramani, Gabriel D. Weymouth
Summary: This study investigates the impact of the leading-edge sweep angle on propulsive force and power in swimming and flying animals through three-dimensional simulations. The results indicate a negligible correlation between sweep angle and propulsive force, allowing animals with similar fin sizes to have a wide range of potential sweep angles without significant negative propulsion effects. Adjusting fin motion parameters such as flapping frequency, amplitude, and maximum angle of attack can compensate for any potential drawbacks of large sweep angles.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2021)
Article
Sport Sciences
Borja Muniz-Pardos, Shaun Sutehall, Konstantinos Angeloudis, Fergus M. Guppy, Andrew Bosch, Yannis Pitsiladis
Summary: Since the introduction of carbon fibre plate (CFP) shoes in 2016, a significant increase in performance has been observed, leading to the breaking of various world records. However, concerns have been raised regarding the fairness and integrity of competition due to advancements in shoe technology. While changes in shoe regulations may help address the issue, a more comprehensive independent review and reform may be needed to ensure a level playing field.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Marco Loog, Jesse H. H. Krijthe, Manuele Bicego
Summary: Recently, the issue of whether a learner's performance improves with more training data has received renewed attention. Surprising findings have shown that more data does not necessarily lead to improved performance. This paper explores the same issue in the context of k-means clustering and demonstrates that it can also suffer from a lack of monotonicity and deteriorate in expected performance. Theoretical contributions show that 1-means clustering is monotonic while 2-means clustering does not even weakly satisfy monotonicity.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Gal Ziv, Orly Fox
Summary: This study examined whether viewing cute images of baby pets improves performance in computerized cognitive-motor tasks. The results showed that viewing baby pet images did not significantly enhance task performance, but this may depend on moderating variables such as pet ownership.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Darias Holgado, Leo Jolidon, Guillermo Borragan, Daniel Sanabria, Nicolas Place
Summary: A study analyzing neurophysiological and physical responses found that individualized mental fatigue tasks do not adversely affect neuromuscular function or physical exercise.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Peter G. Tickle, Jonathan R. Codd
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biology
Robert J. Brocklehurst, Sabine Moritz, Jonathan Codd, William Sellers, Elizabeth L. Brainerd
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andres C. Marmol-Guijarro, Robert L. Nudds, John C. Marrin, Lars P. Folkow, Jonathan R. Codd
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2019)
Review
Biology
Robert J. Brocklehurst, Emma R. Schachner, Jonathan R. Codd, William I. Sellers
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Zoology
Andres Marmol-Guijarro, Robert Nudds, Lars Folkow, Jonathan Codd
FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
William Sellers, Kayleigh A. R. Rose, Dane A. Crossley, Jonathan R. Codd
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biology
Ilan M. Ruhr, Kayleigh A. R. Rose, William I. Sellers, Dane A. Crossley, Jonathan R. Codd
Summary: In this study, it was found that younger turtles in Chelydra serpentina flip over faster than older individuals, and they self-right with lower biomechanical costs. This may be due to the relatively longer neck of younger turtles and their faster and less costly self-righting, which help overcome the risks of inversion.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Andres Marmol-Guijarro, Robert Nudds, Lars Folkow, John Lees, Jonathan Codd
Summary: The study compared locomotor parameters of female Svalbard rock ptarmigan moving in the wild on snow with previous treadmill-based research. The kinematics of locomotion were found to be largely consistent between field and laboratory, with the only significant difference being a prolonged swing phase at very slow walking speeds. Differences between the sexes were attributed to body size, while variation in grounded running kinematics might be linked to posture differences between female and male ptarmigan.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Kayleigh A. R. Rose, Peter G. Tickle, Ruth M. Elsey, William I. Sellers, Dane A. Crossley, Jonathan R. Codd
Summary: The study reveals that the respiratory muscles of juvenile American alligators have different functional specializations, with expiratory muscles having greater force-generating capacity and inspiratory muscles adapted for larger working range and contraction velocity. As crocodilians grow in size, their breathing mechanics change, and the specialization of the diaphragm and compliance of the body wall may contribute to low-cost breathing.
JOURNAL OF ANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Heather E. Ewart, Peter G. Tickle, William I. Sellers, Markus Lambertz, Dane A. Crossley, Jonathan R. Codd
Summary: This study found that self-righting in terrestrial Mediterranean spur-thighed tortoise is relatively metabolically expensive, costing about two times the mass-specific power required for walking. Rapid limb and head movements facilitate successful righting, but the constraint of breathing while being upside down also contributes to a significant metabolic cost. Therefore, these animals should choose environments or behaviors that reduce the risk of becoming inverted.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam van Casteren, Jonathan R. Codd, Kornelius Kupczik, Guy Plasqui, William Sellers, Amanda G. Henry
Summary: Chewing different items can result in varying metabolic costs, and chewing by human subjects represents a measurable energy sink. Chewing tasteless and odorless gum increases metabolic rate, with energy expenditure increasing with gum stiffness and requiring greater muscle recruitment. This adds an previously unexplored energetic dimension to the interpretation of hominin dentofacial fossils.
Article
Biology
Heather Ewart, Peter Tickle, Robert Nudds, William Sellers, Dane Crossley, Jonathan Codd
Summary: Tortoises have an optimum speed range to minimize their metabolic cost of transport. They are economical walkers due to the biomechanics of their walking gait and the specialization of their limb muscle physiology. These findings highlight the unique energy efficiency in tortoise locomotion.
Article
Biology
Leah M. Costello, Daniel Garcia-Parraga, Jose Luis Crespo-Picazo, Jonathan R. Codd, Holly A. Shiels, William Joyce
Summary: Smooth muscle in the atria of semi-aquatic emydid turtles does not play a significant role in regulating cardiac filling, while the sinus venosus may contribute in this aspect.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Biographical-Item
Biology
Jonathan Richard Codd, Wilfried Klein, Markus Lambertz
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
A. Marmol-Guijarro, R. Nudds, L. Folkow, W. Sellers, P. Falkingham, J. Codd
Summary: The study found that snow supportiveness and footprint depth poorly predicted the speed and stride length of Svalbard rock ptarmigans. The birds seldom sank beyond a certain depth, suggesting they can manage the costs associated with shallower depths.
INTEGRATIVE ORGANISMAL BIOLOGY
(2021)