Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jana Omar, Efrat Rosenbaum, Adi Efergan, Bayan Abu Sneineh, Adva Yeheskel, Yuto Maruta, Mitsunori Fukuda, Ronit Sagi-Eisenberg
Summary: This study reveals that Rab12 negatively regulates MC exocytosis by interacting with RILP family effectors. By investigating the interactions between Rab12 and RILP, RILP-L1, and RILP-L2, the researchers proposed a model for the Rab12-RILP complex, providing insights into the regulation of MC secretory granule transport and offering potential tools for understanding Rab12 functions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Nithin B. Kummamuru, Sammy W. Verbruggen, Silvia Lenaerts, Patrice Perreault
Summary: This fundamental study proposes a new approach for promoting methane hydrates using stainless steel beads packed in an unstirred reactor. The results show that the use of 2 mm stainless steel beads provides more interstitial space and multiple nucleation sites, enhancing the kinetics of methane hydrate formation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jyoti Shanker Pandey, Jesper Lundtoft Hansen, Nicolas von Solms
Summary: This study investigates the effects of different types of promoters on the adsorption capacity of hydrogen-rich natural gas hydrates and suggests that promoter selection should be based on the hydrogen gas mol% in the mixture. The results reveal that kinetic promoters are effective at low hydrogen concentrations, while thermodynamic promoters are effective at high hydrogen concentrations. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the influence of the CH4/C2H6 mixture on formation kinetics and crystal structure, and the impact of hydrogen mol% on H-2 cage occupancy.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bruno Voigt, Maria Ott, Jochen Balbach
Summary: This study reports on the fibril formation of the parathyroid hormone PTH84, which is concentration dependent. At low concentrations, fibril formation is driven by surface catalyzed secondary nucleation, while increased amounts of peptides cause a negative feedback on fibril elongation and secondary nucleation. The competition between primary and secondary nucleation pathways determines the mechanism of fibril generation, with the source of primary nuclei also regulating the overall macroscopic fibrillation. Furthermore, an underlying monomer-oligomer equilibrium is hypothesized to provide high-order species for primary nucleation and negatively affect the available monomer pool.
MACROMOLECULAR BIOSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kazuma Murakami, Kenjiro Ono
Summary: The aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins is a pathological hallmark of various neurodegenerative diseases, but the molecular mechanisms behind these diseases are not yet fully understood. Different amyloid species can coexist in the same brain and even occur in individuals without disease. Advances in research related to biomolecular condensates and structural analysis have provided insights into the cross-seeding and cross-inhibition of amyloidosis. The potential clinical applications in central nervous system therapy are also highlighted.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seiya Asai, Jana Moravcova, Lenka Zakova, Irena Selicharova, Romana Hadravova, Andrzej Marek Brzozowski, Jiri Novacek, Jiri Jiracek
Summary: We found two different rhomboidal crystal lattices in the insulin secretory granules, suggesting the existence of microcrystalline insulin forms, possibly consisting of 4Zn2+-hexamers of this hormone.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeremies Ibanga, Eric L. Zhang, Gary Eitzen, Yitian Guo
Summary: This study used live-cell imaging to analyze the cytoskeleton remodeling and granule transport in mast cells upon antigen stimulation. The results showed that granule transport to the cell periphery is coordinated by de novo microtubule formation and driven by the microtubule motor protein Kinesin-1 to facilitate exocytosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Taobo Hu, Wei Hou, Enhua Xiao, Mengping Long
Summary: Stress granules are cytoplasmic foci induced by stress conditions, serving as a protective strategy to suppress overall translation. In cancer cells, stress granules formation can protect cells from apoptosis and contribute to resistance against anticancer drugs or radiation treatment. However, further research is needed to understand the clinical implications of stress granules.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yu Feng, Yang Zhao, Yuze Han, Yanzhen Liu, Lunxiang Zhang, Jiafei Zhao, Lei Yang, Yongchen Song
Summary: The formation and dissociation behavior of CO2 hydrates in the presence of clay particles were investigated using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance. It was found that montmorillonite particles significantly promoted the conversion of water into hydrate, while illite particles had a weaker promoting effect. According to the DLVO theory, the total interaction potential between montmorillonite particles was much higher than that between illite particles.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Rong Li, Zhigao Sun
Summary: The study investigates the effect of side chain groups of amino acids on hydrate formation. Aromatic amino acids, heterocyclic amino acids and aliphatic acids are used to confirm their effects on hydrate nucleation and growth. The hydrophobic groups of amino acids are found to have a significant influence on promoting hydrate formation compared with the hydrophilic groups. Aromatic groups are superior to aliphatic groups in improving hydrate nucleation and growth rate, while aliphatic groups are more advantageous in increasing hydrate production, cold storage capacity (CSC) and hydrate conversion rate. Heterocyclic amino acids have no obvious effect on hydrate formation. Additionally, foam is not produced during hydrate dissociation, which is good for practical application.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yaning Kong, Fei Wang, Guodong Zhang, Xiaolin Wang
Summary: This study focuses on improving the formation kinetics and hydrogen storage capacity of hydrogen hydrate using nano promoters. The results show that nano promoters can effectively enhance the formation kinetics of H2/THF hydrate, leading to a higher hydrogen storage capacity. Among the nano promoters, -SO3- @PSNS performs the best, surpassing conventional kinetic promoters in terms of effectiveness and applicability.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Jessica B. Blackburn, Ngan Fung Li, Nathan W. Bartlett, Bradley W. Richmond
Summary: This review summarizes recent insights into the heterogeneity and function of club cells obtained from single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies, and integrates them with in vitro, in vivo, and microscopy studies to highlight the various contributions of club cells to airway homeostasis. The article also discusses the evidence of loss of club cells or club cell products in the airways of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and explores potential mechanisms behind this phenomenon.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Ivan Stosevski, Arman Bonakdarpour, Baizeng Fang, Philip Lo, David P. Wilkinson
Summary: The novel Mn-Zn layered double hydroxide (MnZnLDH) discovered exhibits significant implications in the electrochemical activity, structure, and formation mechanism of the positive electrode in the MnO2/ZnSO4/Zn battery.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gemma L. Pearson, Morgan A. Gingerich, Emily M. Walker, Trevor J. Biden, Scott A. Soleimanpour
Summary: Autophagy, especially selective and organelle-specific forms, plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of pancreatic beta-cells and preventing the development of diabetes. Understanding the molecular players and how defects in selective autophagy pathways contribute to diabetes is essential for developing new approaches to protect beta-cells from failure caused by various insults.
Article
Plant Sciences
Cheng-cheng Si, Qing-gan Liang, Hong-Juan Liu, Ning Wang, Sunjeet Kumar, Yan-li Chen, Guo-peng Zhu
Summary: Appropriate phosphorus application can increase the yield and appearance quality of sweetpotato. In this study, P-2 treatment promoted root development, increased the number and diameter of storage roots, and improved the uniformity of storage root weight.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Jeffrey Knupp, Yu-Jie Chen, Anoop Arunagiri, Leena Haataja, Peter Arvan, Billy Tsai
Summary: The study reveals that RTN3 recruits misfolded prohormones for lysosomal degradation through PGRMC1, selectively targeting small oligomers rather than large protein aggregates. This finding suggests that PGRMC1 could be a potential intervention point for diseases caused by ER protein retention.
Article
Developmental Biology
Vishnu Mishra, Archita Singh, Nidhi Gandhi, Shabari Sarkar Das, Sandeep Yadav, Ashutosh Kumar, Ananda K. Sarkar
Summary: Submergence-induced hypoxic condition negatively affects plant growth and development, and causes early onset of senescence. A miRNA called miR775 plays a crucial role in post-submergence recovery by regulating the expression of genes related to ethylene signaling and ABA biosynthesis pathways.
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maroof Alam, Anoop Arunagiri, Leena Haataja, Mauricio Torres, Dennis Larkin, John Kappler, Niyun Jin, Peter Arvan
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Saikat Ghosh, Pie Huda, Nicholas Fletcher, Douglas Campbell, Kristofer J. Thurecht, Bradley Walsh
Summary: This article reviews the application and development of antibodies targeting glypican-1 (GPC-1) in cancer therapy. The current and emerging development of different antibody formats based on mechanism of action and application are discussed.
EXPERT OPINION ON BIOLOGICAL THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tuhin Khan, Valentyna Kuznetsova, Maria Agustina Dominguez-Martin, Cheryl A. Kerfeld, Tomas Polivka
Summary: This study investigated the ultrafast spectroscopic response of OCP and HCPs in cyanobacteria, focusing on the reaction of carotenoid and amino acids under UV excitation. The results showed enhanced signals of canthaxanthin and formation of canthaxanthin radical cation under UV excitation, as well as accelerated product formation in the OCP photocycle through excess energy excitation and direct excitation of amino acids.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Rakesh Krishnan, Srivastav Ranganathan, Samir K. Maji, Ranjith Padinhateeri
Summary: Phase separation of biomolecules can be mediated by both specific and non-specific interactions, which play important roles in polymer systems. The interplay between specific and non-specific interaction strengths affects the phase separation of polymers and the formation of mature aggregates. We find that weaker non-specific interactions promote phase separation, while stronger non-specific interactions prevent the transition to a mature state. Additionally, the degree of participation of non-core regions in attractive interactions also significantly influences the self-assembled states of polymers.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ambuja Navalkar, Ajoy Paul, Arunima Sakunthala, Satyaprakash Pandey, Amit Kumar Dey, Sandhini Saha, Sarthak Sahoo, Mohit Kumar Jolly, Tushar K. Maiti, Samir K. Maji
Summary: This study reveals that p53 can form amyloids, which disrupt the normal functions of the protein and contribute to cancer development. Targeting key molecules affected by p53 amyloid formation can reverse the oncogenic phenotype and induce apoptosis in cells.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Saikat Ghosh, Nicholas L. Fletcher, Pie Huda, Zachary H. Houston, Christopher B. Howard, Maria E. Lund, Yanling Lu, Douglas H. Campbell, Bradley J. Walsh, Kristofer J. Thurecht
Summary: This study developed an antibody-based positron emission tomography (PET) tracer for noninvasive detection of glypican-1 (GPC-1) positive glioblastoma (GBM) tumors. The results show that 89Zr-DFO-Miltuximab is an effective immuno-PET imaging agent for detecting GPC-1positive tumors such as GBM.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandra Galli, Anoop Arunagiri, Nevia Dule, Michela Castagna, Paola Marciani, Carla Perego
Summary: Pancreatic beta-cells play a crucial role in glucose homeostasis by secreting insulin, and their dysfunction leads to diabetes. Cholesterol has gained significant attention as it not only controls beta-cell function but is also targeted by lipid-lowering therapies for diabetes-related cardiovascular complications. Understanding the mechanisms of cholesterol-mediated beta-cell function is still an area of exploration. Studies suggest that beta-cells regulate both total cholesterol levels and its distribution within organelles through vesicular and non-vesicular transport. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of cholesterol homeostasis in beta-cells and provide insights into the dynamic distribution of cholesterol among organelles to maintain their functionality, with a focus on early steps of insulin synthesis and secretion.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Aditya Ardana, Saikat Ghosh, Pie Huda, Nicholas L. Fletcher, Kristofer J. Thurecht, Charlotte C. Williams
Summary: Covalent conjugation of a biologically stable polymer to a therapeutic protein, such as an antibody, can enhance its stability, improve tumor targeting, and ensure reproducibility in manufacturing. By using stable reactive groups and site-selective conjugation methods, high-purity conjugates can be obtained, preserving the efficacy and specificity of the protein.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jeong-Ki Kim, Narendra N. Jha, Tomoyuki Awano, Charlotte Caine, Kishore Gollapalli, Emily Welby, Seung-Soo Kim, Andrea Fuentes-Moliz, Xueyong Wang, Zhihua Feng, Fusako Sera, Taishi Takeda, Shunichi Homma, Chien -Ping Ko, Lucia Tabares, Allison D. Ebert, Mark M. Rich, Umrao R. Monani
Summary: Scientists have discovered a synaptic chaperone variant called Hspa8G470R that can suppress spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and improve neuromuscular function in model mice. The variant alters SMN2 splicing and stimulates the formation of a tripartite chaperone complex critical for synaptic homeostasis. This study provides new insights into how deficiency of the SMN protein causes motor neuron disease.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yu-Te Yeh, Chandan Sona, Xin Yan, Yunxiao Li, Adrija Pathak, Mark I. McDermott, Zhigang Xie, Liangwen Liu, Anoop Arunagiri, Yuting Wang, Amaury Cazenave-Gassiot, Adhideb Ghosh, Ferdinand von Meyenn, Sivarajan Kumarasamy, Sonia M. Najjar, Shiqi Jia, Markus R. Wenk, Alexis Traynor-Kaplan, Peter Arvan, Sebastian Barg, Vytas A. Bankaitis, Matthew N. Poy
Summary: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterized by pancreatic beta-cell failure. Restoration of Phosphatidylinositol transfer protein alpha (PITPNA) in T2D islets reverses impaired insulin granule maturation, exocytosis, and ER stress. PITPNA deficiency accompanies beta-cell dysfunction in T2D.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Narendra N. Jha, Jeong-Ki Kim, Yoon-Ra Her, Umrao R. Monani
Summary: This article discusses the implications of imperfect treatment administration on the outcomes of skeletal muscle in patients with SMA, as well as the role of SMN in regulating muscle health. It also presents strategies to restore muscle function for better treatment results.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pradeep Kadu, Laxmikant Gadhe, Ambuja Navalkar, Komal Patel, Rakesh Kumar, Murali Sastry, Samir K. Maji
Summary: Biomolecules interact with metals, producing nanostructured hybrid materials. However, the relationship between the physical properties of biomolecules and the resulting nanomaterial morphologies is not well understood. Through the study of amyloidogenic proteins/peptides and their pH conditions, we establish principles for the growth of gold nanocrystals and predict their morphology. We also investigate the nucleation and crystal growth mechanism of gold nanostructures and demonstrate the effective isolation of intact nanostructures from amyloid templates using protein digestion.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
N. L. Fletcher, A. Prior, O. Choy, J. Humphries, P. Huda, S. Ghosh, Z. H. Houston, C. A. Bell, K. J. Thurecht
Summary: The temporal influence of pre-targeting on polymer interaction with tumor cells and tissue is explored using in vitro assays through to preclinical validation.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)