Article
Thermodynamics
Andrei Marin, Cristian V. Vraciu
Summary: In this study, the convective flow of turbulent buoyant plumes with an elliptic cross section is investigated to determine if the transition to round cross sections can be explained by the 'Constructal Law'. The mixing length theory is used to obtain an energy-consistent plume model, and both self-similar and numerical solutions are used to study the dependence of flow, buoyancy, and entrainment on the eccentricity of the plume. The results show that the vertical flow is optimized for round cross sections, suggesting that the 'Constructal Law' may provide an explanation for the transition. However, the entropy generation of the plumes does not support a minimization/maximization principle for the evolution to round cross sections.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mark Blaxter, John M. Archibald, Anna K. Childers, Jonathan A. Coddington, Keith A. Crandall, Federica Di Palma, Richard Durbin, Scott V. Edwards, Jennifer A. M. Graves, Kevin J. Hackett, Neil Hall, Erich D. Jarvis, Rebecca N. Johnson, Elinor K. Karlsson, W. John Kress, Shigehiro Kuraku, Mara K. N. Lawniczak, Kerstin Lindblad-Toh, Jose V. Lopez, Nancy A. Moran, Gene E. Robinson, Oliver A. Ryder, Beth Shapiro, Pamela S. Soltis, Tandy Warnow, Guojie Zhang, Harris A. Lewin
Summary: Life on Earth has evolved from simplicity to complexity, with bacteria and archaea excelling in metabolic diversification and eukaryotes displaying morphological innovation. The Earth BioGenome Project proposes sequencing the genomes of all known eukaryotic species to create a digital library of life, which will help address evolutionary and ecological questions and provide insights into speciation, adaptation, and organismal dependencies within ecosystems.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Edgar Dubourg, Nicolas Baumard
Summary: Narrative fictions have become a popular form of entertainment worldwide. Despite being aware of their fictional nature, people engage in reading novels, watching movies and TV series, and playing video games. The origin of fictions has long been debated, with conflicting hypotheses suggesting whether they are biological adaptations or by-products of cognitive mechanisms. This article argues that narrative fictions are both by-products of human cognition and adaptive cultural products. They are best understood as entertainment technologies crafted to capture the attention of others and fulfill evolutionary-relevant functions. These fictions are filled with exaggerated stimuli, aligned with the preferences of the audience, and constantly evolved to become more appealing over time.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Hesham Abdulla, Anh Vo, Benjamin J. Shields, Tenae J. Davies, Jacob T. Jackson, Raed Alserihi, Elizabeth M. Viney, Tin Wong, Feng Yan, Nicholas C. Wong, Lisa Demoen, David J. Curtis, Warren S. Alexander, Pieter Van Vlierberghe, Ross A. Dickins, Matthew P. McCormack
Summary: The majority of T-ALL cases have chromosomal abnormalities driving overexpression of oncogenic transcription factors, but the role of these initiating oncogenes in leukemia maintenance is unclear. This study shows that loss of Ikaros can promote self-renewal of T-ALL lymphoblasts in the absence of an initiating oncogenic transcription factor, indicating an evolution of oncogene independence in murine and human T-ALL.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ignacio Rubio-Somoza, Miguel A. Blazquez
Summary: Plants and microorganisms have a long-standing relationship, and it has been discovered that plants had molecular tools to recognize pathogens even before they colonized the land.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wai Hoe Chin, Ciaren Kett, Oren Cooper, Deike Museler, Yaqi Zhang, Rebecca S. Bamert, Ruzeen Patwa, Laura C. Woods, Citsabehsan Devendran, Denis Korneev, Joe Tiralongo, Trevor Lithgow, Michael J. McDonald, Adrian Neild, Jeremy J. Barr
Summary: The majority of viruses in the gut are bacterial viruses known as bacteriophages, which coevolve with gut bacteria. This study investigated the evolutionary interactions between bacteriophages, bacterial hosts, and the mammalian gut mucosa. The researchers found that bacteriophages can evolve in response to a mammalian-derived mucosal environment.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Simon d'Oelsnitz, Wantae Kim, Nathaniel T. Burkholder, Kamyab Javanmardi, Ross Thyer, Yan Zhang, Hal S. Alper, Andrew D. Ellington
Summary: Researchers have developed a combination of screening and selection methods to evolve specific and sensitive biosensors for therapeutic plant metabolites production. They successfully streamlined the pathway for tetrahydropapaverine and provided a more efficient method for the synthesis of four modern pharmaceuticals.
NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Megan G. Behringer, Wei-Chin Ho, John C. Meraz, Samuel F. Miller, Gwyneth F. Boyer, Carl J. Stone, Meredith Andersen, Michael Lynch
Summary: Despite regular feast and famine conditions, the evolutionary outcomes of repeated cycles of feast and famine have been less studied. By experimentally evolving isogenic Escherichia coli populations to 10-day feast/famine cycles, rapid diversification into ecotypes with bidirectional cross-feeding and frequency-dependent fitness was observed. These results provide insight into how cooperative relationships may emerge in natural microbial communities.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Cristian V. Vraciu, Rares Iovanescu
Summary: A theoretical model of round nanofluid plumes in the presence of a magnetic field is formulated in this study. By numerically solving a system of equations, it is found that the magnetic field inhibits the convective flow of the nanofluid plume.
ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Samuel Frederick Mock Hart, Chi-Chun Chen, Wenying Shou
Summary: The study demonstrates that pleiotropic 'win-win' mutations can evolve rapidly to promote cooperation even under unfavorable conditions. Experiment revealed the emergence of ecm21 mutations in engineered yeast cooperative communities, benefiting both self and partner, and enhancing the growth rate of the community as a whole.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Zuzana Antosova, Zdenek Travnicek
Summary: This paper investigates the active control of a continuous jet by using a concentrically placed annular synthetic jet. Experiments were conducted in different flow regimes with varying Reynolds numbers, showing the possibility of turbulence reduction through forcing in transitional jets, especially at Re = 2555. The results demonstrate a significant decrease in the ratio of turbulence intensities between forced and unforced jets.
Review
Immunology
Rebecca L. Hutcheson, Adityarup Chakravorty, Bill Sugden
Summary: Through decades of study, it has been discovered that many viral genes required to transform cells are not expressed in EBV-positive Burkitt lymphoma tumors, possibly due to immune pressure on infected cells. Recent research has identified common cellular mutations in these tumors and explored how they may compensate for the loss of viral gene expression.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Bo Peng, Simon Iwnicki, Philip Shackleton, Yang Song
Summary: This paper discusses fundamental research on the general conditions for railway wheel polygonal wear to evolve and presents a common workflow for prediction of railway wheel polygonization. By proposing rules for the evolution of railway wheel polygonization, it provides innovative perspectives to understand the basic mechanism of railway wheel polygonization. The phase between instantaneous wear depth and excitation is a key indicator determining wheel OOR evolution direction, and the evolution tendency curve obtained from the instantaneous wear FRF is a useful tool to predict the OOR evolution, especially for predicting the OOR order that would grow predominantly at a given speed.
VEHICLE SYSTEM DYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaolin Zhu, Wenfeng Zhan, Junxiong Zhou, Xuehong Chen, Zicong Liang, Shuai Xu, Jin Chen
Summary: This study proposed a new framework for evaluating the performance of spatiotemporal fusion methods. The framework includes four accuracy metrics and an all-round performance assessment diagram, which can better differentiate the performance of different fusion methods, guide users in selecting suitable methods for real-world applications, and establish a standard accuracy assessment procedure.
REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Leonardo Miele, Silvia De Monte
Summary: In aggregative multicellular life cycles, the temporal arrangement of aggregation phases may emerge from the interplay between ecology and evolution in populations with differential motility. Cell motility underpins group formation and slower cells can exploit faster cells within groups. Resource exhaustion triggers group formation and conflicts within groups restrain resource consumption, leading to self-sustained oscillations.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Adrian Bejan, Sinan Gucluer
Summary: The evolution of design is moving towards greater number of dimensions, more degrees of freedom, and improved performance, efficiency, and economy. The future of design will involve four-dimensional objects that change shape in response to time-changing environmental conditions. The ability of a structure to morph in response to its environment is key in maximizing its performance.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Mojtaba Moshtaghzadeh, Ehsan Izadpanahi, Adrian Bejan, Pezhman Mardanpour
Summary: This paper investigates the impact of wing cross-section configuration on stress distribution and flutter characteristics of flying-wing aircraft. By avoiding stress strangulations, a more stable wing structure is obtained. The results indicate that specific configurations of wing cross sections promote uniform stress distribution and aeroelastic stability.
Article
Thermodynamics
Sahin Gungor, Erdal Cetkin, Sylvie Lorente
Summary: A liquid cooling system based on constructal canopy-to-canopy architectures is proposed for efficient thermal management of electric vehicle battery packs. The system can effectively extract the non-uniformly generated heat by the battery cell during the discharging phase. The configuration of the cooling solution is predicted following the constructal methodology, leading to the choice of the hydraulic diameter ratios.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Xuewei Zhang, Sylvie Lorente
Summary: In this study, the architecture of capillary flow networks in a steady state is analyzed, and the impact of network morphology on maximum mass flow rate is investigated. A search algorithm is developed to determine the optimal parameters. The results demonstrate the superiority of dendritic structures in the roots and canopy branches of capillary trees.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Aimee M. Torres Rojas, Sylvie Lorente, Mathieu Hautefeuille, Aczel Sanchez-Cedillo
Summary: The liver plays a crucial role in metabolic homeostasis and has a complex vascular anatomy that can be modeled using the constructal law to predict and simulate processes in liver diseases, healing, and regeneration. The vascular network in the liver is critical for mechanics-related processes and blood flow redistribution in hepatic resilience.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Adrian Bejan
Summary: Evolution is a universal phenomenon that belongs in physics and general education. Teaching and learning use physical images to explain and predict evolution.
Article
Thermodynamics
Adrian Bejan
Summary: This article explores the fundamental physics behind the behaviors of heat transfer and fluid friction as the configuration of the convective flow system changes. By studying three different methods, the article highlights the importance of evolving configurations in thermal science and emphasizes the benefits of multiple designs over a single one. The article also suggests a creative reassessment of past advances to build a more general, simpler, and easier-to-use framework.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Adrian Bejan, Umit Gunes
Summary: The article introduces a heat transfer framework to explain human-to-human interaction spreading phenomena, revealing its key features and similarities with fundamental physics phenomena. Through a systematic study of human spreading, the multiscale dendritic configuration of spreading is discussed, showing clusters of fast channels embedded in slow diffusion interstices.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
A. Bejan, H. Almahmoud, U. Gunes
Summary: This fundamental study investigates the periodic in and out flow through a single orifice into an enclosure, focusing on the "breathing" flow to refresh the enclosure air. The study considers two scenarios and finds that maximizing air replacement rate requires a matching rhythm in the injection and extraction intervals, while minimizing average power consumption in the cycle is achieved when the injection and withdrawal durations are approximately equal. The concentration of fresh air in the enclosure increases in an S-curve fashion, with a time scale of the fast viral portion depending on the enclosure length scale and Reynolds number.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
A. Bejan, U. Gunes
Summary: This article reveals the thermodynamics of human sustainability on earth, including the increase in energy consumption and world population. To achieve sustainable development, measures such as improving energy efficiency, clean energy generation, global energy distribution, and promoting population mobility are necessary.
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Editorial Material
Thermodynamics
Adrian Bejan
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Thomas J. Sauer, Adrian Bejan, Paul Segars, Ehsan Samei
Summary: This study aimed to compare the new anatomically-informed lesion model with a previous lesion model for use in computed tomography (CT) imaging and simulated CT imaging. Using cellular simulation techniques, the lesions generated by this model were indistinguishable from clinical lesions in CT images and superior to the previous image-based lesion model.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adrian Bejan
Summary: This article discusses the main research areas specified in the call for submissions for a special issue. It demonstrates that these areas are already covered by the constructal law, a universal law of design evolution in nature. The constructal law unifies the natural and social sciences, linking the living with the non-living, and extends the reach of physics to encompass social organization, economics, and human perceptions. The article emphasizes the importance of a physics discipline that acknowledges the role of humans in nature and recognizes the physicality of social and economic phenomena.
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biology
Adrian Bejan
Summary: The phenomenon of evolution involves perceptible changes in flow configuration over time. This clashes with the rigid doctrine of precise optima, minima, and maxima derived from calculus and computational simulations. By examining human settlements and animal locomotion, it is evident that even a small imperfection in performance allows for a wide range of design choices that achieve near perfect performance. Evolutionary designs shed light on the diminishing returns near the mathematical optimum. What works is preserved in the process of evolution.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Bejan, U. Gunes, H. Almahmoud
Summary: This article discusses why certain animals (frogs, breaststroke swimmers, hovering fliers, jellyfish) rapidly push against the surrounding fluid and then reach forward slowly and whether this propulsion rhythm is a manifestation of the universal phenomenon of design evolution in nature. The analysis predicts the relative lengths of the characteristic times of the phases involved in cyclic movement and emphasizes the impact of body configuration on power and velocity. It highlights the significance of freedom to change the evolving design in achieving greater power and speed.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
