Journal
RSC ADVANCES
Volume 4, Issue 33, Pages 16944-16950Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01873g
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Funding
- Beijing Forestry University Young Scientist Fund [BLX2012025]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [3110103902]
- Major State Basic Research Projects of China [973-2010CB732204]
- Open Foundation of the State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering [201261]
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Lignin was modified through incorporation of lipophilic and hydrophilic groups for the preparation of a surfactant. In this case, alkaline lignin reacted with dodecyl glycidyl ether in the presence of dimethyl benzyl amine to incorporate lipophilic long alkyl chains, and then sulfonated with chlorosulfonic acid for the introduction of hydrophilic sulfonic acid groups. Results showed that the reaction between dodecyl glycidyl ether and carboxy group in lignin was the predominant reaction at 95-110 degrees C. It was found that the surface tension of the synthesized lignin surfactant solution was lower than that of commercial surfactant sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate when the concentration was below 0.4%, indicating that the surfactant prepared from alkaline lignin had a good surface activity. A lowest critical micelle concentration of 0.50 g L-1 and the corresponding surface tension at 29.17 mN m(1) were achieved when the surfactant was derived from the lignin grafted with dodecyl glycidyl ether at 110 degrees C. The anionic lignin surfactants prepared in this study are a promising feedstock as detergents or to enhance oil recovery.
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