Transformations of X (C, O, N)-CN bonds: cases of selective X (C, O, N)-C activation

Activation of C-C, C-N, and C-O bonds has in recent decades been recognized as a valuable strategic objective. While considerable progress has been achieved, many of the more challenging issues, e. g., regioselective activation of specific C-X (C, O, N) bonds, chemoselective cleavage of C((sp3))-X bonds, enantioselective activation and even the successful application of solid catalysts in such transformations remain elusive. The research disclosed herein summarize recent advances in C-X bond cleavages, including regioselective processes, although the carbon is activated in the form of a cyano group. Activation and even the successful application of solid catalysts in such transformations remain elusive. The research disclosed herein summarize recent advances in C-X bond cleavages, including regioselective processes, although the carbon is activated in the form of a cyano group.