Article
Oncology
Noa G. Holtzman, Michael S. Lebowitz, Rima Koka, Maria R. Baer, Kanam Malhotra, Amir Shahlaee, Hossein A. Ghanbari, Soren M. Bentzen, Ashkan Emadi
Summary: ASPH is expressed on blasts in approximately 40% of AML cases, and may serve as a new therapeutically targetable leukemia-associated antigen.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sumit Jamwal, Jennifer K. Blackburn, John D. Elsworth
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neuron structure and function. Current therapy mainly focuses on symptomatic treatment, but targeting biochemical factors in mitochondria may offer promising treatment options. PPAR gamma-PGC1 alpha plays a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and has been studied in clinical trials for PD, AD, and HD.
PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alerie G. de la Fuente, Silvia Pelucchi, Jerome Mertens, Monica Di Luca, Daniela Mauceri, Elena Marcello
Summary: Ageing is the main risk factor for most primary neurodegenerative disorders, and protein misfolding and toxic protein accumulation are considered causative events. However, other biological pathways affected by brain ageing also contribute to pathogenesis. This article discusses the involvement of mechanisms controlling neuronal structure, gene expression, autophagy, cell metabolism, and neuroinflammation in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative disorders, and reviews therapeutic strategies aiming to normalize these pathways for increased brain resilience.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Weiwei Tang, Kumaraguruparan Ramasamy, Sureshkumar M. A. Pillai, Bindu Santhamma, Swapna Konda, Prabhakar Pitta Venkata, Logan Blankenship, Junhao Liu, Zexuan Liu, Kristin A. Altwegg, Behnam Ebrahimi, Uday P. Pratap, Xiaonan Li, Philip T. Valente, Edward Kost, Gangadhara R. Sareddy, Ratna K. Vadlamudi, Hareesh B. Nair, Rajeshwar R. Tekmal, Suryavathi Viswanadhapalli
Summary: The study revealed the oncogenic potential of the LIF/LIFR axis in endometrial cancer, identifying LIF and LIFR overexpression and demonstrating the efficacy of a novel LIFR inhibitor, EC359, in reducing cell viability and inhibiting tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siyu Zhou, Jianfei Nao
Summary: Nesfatin-1 is closely associated with neurological disorders and its level changes can indicate disease progression and prognosis, guiding treatment options. Regulation of Nesfatin-1 expression or level improves neuroinflammation and other indicators, showing neuroprotective effects.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hui-Yuan Zhang, Xi Lu, Yue-Han Hao, Ling Tang, Zhi-Yi He
Summary: OLR1 plays an important role in intracerebral hemorrhage and its knockdown has a protective effect against brain damage, suggesting it may be a potential therapeutic target.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Mingming Shi, Fanglian Chen, Zhijuan Chen, Weidong Yang, Shuyuan Yue, Jianning Zhang, Xin Chen
Summary: The sigma-1 receptor plays a crucial role in regulating cellular pathophysiological processes and maintaining cellular homeostasis by modulating calcium levels, excitotoxicity, reactive oxygen species, and organelle stability. It is widely expressed in cells of the central nervous system and is implicated in various neurological disorders, suggesting its therapeutic potential in traumatic brain injury.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yihui Yang, Liwen Ren, Wan Li, Yizhi Zhang, Sen Zhang, Binbin Ge, Hong Yang, Guanhua Du, Bo Tang, Hongquan Wang, Jinhua Wang
Summary: GABA is a common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system of vertebrates, and recent studies have shown its involvement in tumor development and immune regulation. This review summarizes the role of GABAergic signaling in tumor proliferation, metastasis, progression, stemness, and the tumor microenvironment, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. The therapeutic advances in targeting GABA receptors for cancer treatment, particularly immunotherapy, are also discussed.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Munther Alomari
Summary: TRIM21 is involved in innate immunity, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjogren's syndrome, and cancer proliferation. It is shown to affect major cancer-promoting proteins and signaling pathways in the presence of various carcinogenesis effectors. TRIM21 may enhance cancer proliferation or induce the degradation of cancer-triggering proteins, highlighting its potential as a novel cancer therapeutic target.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biology
Lorenzo Manfreda, Elena Rampazzo, Luca Persano
Summary: The involvement of Wnt signaling in normal tissue homeostasis and disease, particularly in neoplastic malignancies, has been summarized. The impact of aberrant Wnt pathway activation on brain tumorigenesis and tumor aggressiveness, as well as the interdependency between Wnt signaling components and the brain tumor microenvironment, has been emphasized. Furthermore, the latest therapeutic approaches targeting Wnt signaling in cancer treatment have been extensively reviewed and discussed. This review provides evidence that Wnt signaling could be a relevant target in brain tumors, but requires further investigation and overcoming potential concerns for clinical application.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohaddeseh Sadat Alavi, Gholamreza Karimi, Hussein A. Ghanimi, Ali Roohbakhsh
Summary: Cholesterol is a vital component of the cell membrane that affects membrane properties and functions. Its metabolism in the brain is regulated by CYP46A1, which converts cholesterol to 24S-hydroxycholesterol for elimination. Studies suggest that changes in cholesterol levels may be associated with neurological diseases, and targeting CYP46A1 could be a therapeutic approach. Preclinical studies have investigated the role of CYP46A1 in various brain disorders and injuries, and a selective inhibitor called soticlestat has shown promising anti-seizure effects. Both activation and inhibition of CYP46A1 have therapeutic potential, as demonstrated by previous studies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Domonkos Pap, Apor Veres-Szekely, Beata Szebeni, Adam Vannay
Summary: Inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases are closely related to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. PARK7/DJ-1 plays a crucial role in maintaining gut microbiome and regulating intestinal inflammation, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic target for gut and brain diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biology
Clara Alice Musi, Anna Maria Castaldo, Anna Elisa Valsecchi, Sara Cimini, Noemi Morello, Riccardo Pizzo, Alessandra Renieri, Ilaria Meloni, Maurizio Bonati, Maurizio Giustetto, Tiziana Borsello
Summary: The study revealed altered JNK signaling in models of RTT and suggested that treatment with a specific JNK inhibitor can prevent clinical symptoms, showing consistent results at the cellular, molecular, and functional levels. This provides the first evidence that JNK plays a crucial role in RTT and its inhibition could be a new potential therapeutic tool for tackling this disorder.
Review
Immunology
Silvere D. Zaongo, Yanqiu Liu, Vijay Harypursat, Fangzhou Song, Huan Xia, Ping Ma, Yaokai Chen
Summary: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the only currently effective method to treat HIV-1 infection, but may be toxic to vital organs. Therefore, considering HIV-1 restriction factors from the innate immune system to explore novel therapeutic approaches is seen as a promising strategy by researchers.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Meng Wu, Zhiyin Pei, Guangfeng Long, Hongbing Chen, Zhanjun Jia, Weiwei Xia
Summary: This review summarizes the role and therapeutic potential of MAVS in viral infections and renal diseases.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)