Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Paul T. Jurgens, John J. Carr, James G. Terry, Jamal S. Rana, David R. Jacobs, Daniel A. Duprez
Summary: This study investigated the predictive value of abdominal aorta calcium (AAC) relative to coronary artery calcium (CAC) for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and coronary heart disease (CHD) events in Black and White early middle-aged participants. The results showed that AAC and CAC had similar predictive effects on CVD, with only CAC being able to predict CHD. Additionally, AAC was able to predict incident CVD when CAC was 0.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ibrahim Al-Sawalha, Dalia Alzoubi
Summary: Coronary artery calcium score (CACs) is a method for measuring calcification in coronary arteries using a computed tomography scan, which can predict myocardial infarction. However, neglecting ethnicity in the study may affect the findings.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Simon Winther, Samuel E. Schmidt, Borek Foldyna, Thomas Mayrhofer, Laust D. Rasmussen, Jonathan N. Dahl, Udo Hoffmann, Pamela S. Douglas, Juhani Knuuti, Morten Bottcher
Summary: The risk factor-weighted clinical likelihood (RF-CL) model and the coronary artery calcium score-weighted clinical likelihood (CACS-CL) model improve the identification of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) compared with basic pretest probability (PTP) models. These new models provide improved risk stratification for myocardial infarction and death.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Michael J. Blaha, Seamus P. Whelton, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Zeina Dardari, Leslee J. Shaw, Mouaz H. Al-Mallah, Kunihiro Matsushita, Alan Rozanski, John A. Rumberger, Daniel S. Berman, Matthew J. Budoff, Michael D. Miedema, Khurram Nasir, Miguel Cainzos-Achirica
Summary: This study compared the risk discrimination for predicting CHD and CVD deaths between the Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE), the MESA Risk Score (with and without CAC), and the addition of CAC to the PCE. The results showed that adding CAC to the PCE improved risk discrimination, and the MESA Risk Score with CAC, as well as the PCE plus CAC, performed best among patients with 5% to 20% estimated risk. Additionally, CAC also modestly improved discrimination in low- and high-risk groups.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Milan Vecsey-Nagy, Balint Szilveszter, Marton Kolossvary, Melinda Boussoussou, Borbala Vattay, Bela Merkely, Pal Maurovich-Horvat, Tamas Radovits, Janos Nemcsik
Summary: This study compared different methods for assessing vascular age. The results showed that there were differences in vascular age derived from FRS, SCORE, and CACS, and traditional risk models tended to overestimate vascular age in low to intermediate-risk patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Laurits Juhl Heinsen, Gokulan Pararajasingam, Thomas Rueskov Andersen, Soren Auscher, Hussam Mahmoud Sheta, Helle Precht, Jess Lambrechtsen, Kenneth Egstrup
Summary: This study found a high prevalence of HRP in asymptomatic T2D patients, with HRP detection associated with specific patient characteristics. HRP was not correlated with high CACS, as HRP could be found even in patients with zero CACS.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
David S. Schade, Martin Hickey, Philip Eaton
Summary: Coronary artery calcium scanning is a test used to assess the risk of cardiovascular disease by measuring the calcium deposition in the coronary arteries. The score obtained from the test helps determine the likelihood of future cardiovascular events. Higher scores indicate higher risks and warrant aggressive treatment.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Helena Eriksson, Kjell Toren, Annika Rosengren, Eva Andersson, Mia Soderberg
Summary: The study suggests that exposure to high strain or active job situations may increase the risk of coronary artery calcium in men, while in women, it may be more associated with exposure to passive job.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bashir Ahmad Laway, Abid Rasool, Mohammad Salem Baba, Raiz Ahmad Misgar, Mir Iftikhar Bashir, Arshad Iqbal Wani, Naseer Choh, Omair Shah, Ajaz Lone, Zaffar Shah
Summary: Patients with Sheehan syndrome are at increased risk of coronary artery disease due to risk factors such as abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, and chronic inflammation. This study used various biomarkers and risk scores to estimate the probability of cardiovascular events in SS patients.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Noppanat Tiansuwan, Thinnakrit Sasiprapha, Sutipong Jongjirasiri, Nattawut Unwanatham, Ammarin Thakkinstian, Jiraporn Laothamatas, Thosaphol Limpijankit
Summary: The addition of coronary artery calcium (CAC) to the traditional risk factors improves cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) prediction for asymptomatic patients with CV risk factors. The incorporation of CAC score into Thai CV risk scores increased the C statistic and net reclassification improvement (NRI) index, showing enhancement in risk prediction.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Adel Hajj Ali, Michael Nakhla, Leslie Cho, Raul Seballos, Richard Lang, Steve Feinleib, Scott Flamm, Paul Schoenhagen, Tom Wang, Milind Y. Desai
Summary: In this study, the risk reclassification provided by multiethnic study on subclinical atherosclerosis coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) was compared with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and Reynolds risk score (RRS) in a large screening program. The use of MESA-CACS, along with CACS distribution, resulted in significant reclassification of traditional scores, with RRS underestimating and ASCVD overestimating the cardiovascular disease risk.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Samel Park, Min Hong, HwaMin Lee, Nam-jun Cho, Eun-Young Lee, Won-Young Lee, Eun-Jung Rhee, Hyo-Wook Gil
Summary: The study aimed to predict the presence of CAC and evaluate the performance of the models, using multiple models that performed well in practice and could potentially be applied in clinical settings.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chul-Hyun Park, Yong-Taek Lee, Kyung Jae Yoon
Summary: There is a limited understanding of the relationship between osteosarcopenia and coronary artery disease. This study aimed to investigate the association between osteosarcopenia and coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores in asymptomatic adults. The results showed that osteosarcopenia was independently associated with a higher prevalence of subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Kyle Wang, Hayley E. Malkin, Nicholas D. Patchett, Kevin A. Pearlstein, Hillary M. Heiling, Sean D. McCabe, Allison M. Deal, Panayiotis Mavroidis, Mary Oakey, Jeffrey Fenoli, Carrie B. Lee, J. Larry Klein, Brian C. Jensen, Thomas E. Stinchcombe, Lawrence B. Marks, Ashley A. Weiner
Summary: This study found that computed tomography (CT) coronary calcifications are associated with cardiac toxicity and can help ascertain baseline heart disease. The presence of coronary calcifications can identify high-risk patients and guide clinicians in taking measures before potentially cardiotoxic cancer treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Georgios Sofidis, Nikolaos Otountzidis, Nikolaos Stalikas, Efstratios Karagiannidis, Andreas S. Papazoglou, Dimitrios V. Moysidis, Eleftherios Panteris, Olga Deda, Anastasios Kartas, Thomas Zegkos, Paraskevi Daskalaki, Niki Theodoridou, Leandros Stefanopoulos, Haralambos Karvounis, Helen Gika, Georgios Theodoridis, Georgios Sianos
Summary: The study showed a significant positive correlation between the GRACE and SYNTAX scores in ACS patients. The GRACE score moderately predicted the severity of CAD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Chike C. Nwabuo, Duke Appiah, Henrique T. Moreira, Henrique D. Vasconcellos, Yuichiro Yano, Jared P. Reis, Ravi Shah, Venkatesh L. Murthy, Norrina B. Allen, Stephen Sidney, Paul Muntner, Cora E. Lewis, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Pamela J. Schreiner, Samuel S. Gidding, Joao A. C. Lima
Summary: The study found that cumulative blood pressure in young adults is associated with the risk of heart failure, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascular diseases. Cumulative blood pressure provides incremental prognostic value and improves risk reclassification for cardiovascular diseases when compared to single blood pressure assessments or changes in blood pressure.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Michael C. Wang, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones
Summary: Hypertension, a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease, can be effectively managed through quantitative cardiovascular risk assessment and global risk prediction equations. Both short-term and long-term blood pressure patterns are associated with incident CVD, and adjunctive biomarkers show promise in refining risk assessment strategies. Implementation of quantitative risk assessment for CVD is facilitated by tools and electronic health record integrations, emphasizing the need for ongoing innovation in risk assessment methods.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
David Calvin Goff, Sadiya Sana Khan, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Donna K. Arnett, Mercedes R. Carnethon, Darwin R. Labarthe, Matthew Shane Loop, Russell V. Luepker, Michael V. McConnell, George A. Mensah, Mahasin S. Mujahid, Martin Enrique O'Flaherty, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Veronique Roger, Wayne D. Rosamond, Stephen Sidney, Gina S. Wei, Janet S. Wright
Summary: More than 40 years after the 1978 Bethesda Conference on the Declining Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease provided a blueprint for understanding declining rates of coronary heart disease, recent data suggests that the decline may have ended or even reversed. While mortality rates for overall cardiovascular disease are decelerating, those for heart failure are increasing. The symposium discussed trends in cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes epidemics, as well as opportunities for promoting cardiovascular health and preventing disease.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mitchell S. V. Elkind, Robert A. Harrington, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Hokyou Lee, Yuichiro Yano, So Mi Jemma Cho, Ji Eun Heo, Dong-Wook Kim, Sungha Park, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Hyeon Chang Kim
Summary: Treatment and control rates for high blood pressure are unsatisfactory among young adults, with poor adherence to pharmacological treatment associated with higher risk for future cardiovascular events.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mary M. McDermott, Bonnie Spring, Lu Tian, Diane Treat-Jacobson, Luigi Ferrucci, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Lihui Zhao, Tamar Polonsky, Melina R. Kibbe, Lydia Bazzano, Jack M. Guralnik, Daniel E. Forman, Al Rego, Dongxue Zhang, Kathryn Domanchuk, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Robert Sufit, Brittany Smith, Todd Manini, Michael H. Criqui, W. Jack Rejeski
Summary: In this study, low-intensity home-based exercise was found to be significantly less effective than high-intensity home-based exercise among patients with PAD. The results do not support the use of low-intensity home-based walking exercise for improving objectively measured walking performance in patients with PAD.
JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Lindsay R. Pool, Liliana Aguayo, Michal Brzezinski, Amanda M. Perak, Matthew M. Davis, Philip Greenland, Lifang Hou, Bradley S. Marino, Linda Van Horn, Lauren Wakschlag, Darwin Labarthe, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Norrina B. Allen
Summary: The study found that most publications focused on clinical risk factors such as childhood adiposity, blood pressure, and cholesterol with their associations with the development of adult CVD. Fewer studies examined childhood lifestyle factors like diet quality, physical activity, and tobacco exposure. Beyond traditional cardiovascular risk factors, domains of risk like childhood psychosocial adversity seemed to have strong associations with the development of CVD.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Brian T. Joyce, Tao Gao, Yinan Zheng, Jiantao Ma, Shih-Jen Hwang, Lei Liu, Drew Nannini, Steve Horvath, Ake T. Lu, Norrina Bai Allen, David R. Jacobs, Myron Gross, Amy Krefman, Hongyan Ning, Kiang Liu, Cora E. Lewis, Pamela J. Schreiner, Stephen Sidney, James M. Shikany, Daniel Levy, Philip Greenland, Lifang Hou, Donald Lloyd-Jones
Summary: The study showed that faster GrimAge acceleration is associated with the decline of cardiovascular health from a young age, suggesting that epigenetic age may be a useful biomarker for cardiovascular disease risk.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Adovich S. Rivera, Arjun Sinha, Faraz S. Ahmad, Edward Thorp, Jane E. Wilcox, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Matthew J. Feinstein
Summary: The study revealed distinct patterns of left ventricular ejection fraction trajectories associated with specific individual CIDs among patients with HF, highlighting the diversity of HF subtypes and changes over time across different CIDs.
CIRCULATION-HEART FAILURE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lindsay R. Pool, Amy E. Krefman, Darwin R. Labarthe, Philip Greenland, Markus Juonala, Mika Kahonen, Terho Lehtimaki, Rena Sue Day, Lydia A. Bazzano, Linda Van Horn, Lei Liu, Camilo Fernandez-Alonso, Larry S. Webber, Katja Pahkala, Tomi T. Laitinen, Olli T. Raitakari, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Norrina B. Allen
Summary: The study identified that individuals who lost ideal cardiovascular health status in childhood and early adulthood were more likely to have subclinical atherosclerosis compared to those who maintained ideal cardiovascular health throughout their life course.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Michelle A. Albert, Mitchell Elkind
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nilay S. Shah, Anubha Agarwal, Mark D. Huffman, Deepak K. Gupta, Clyde W. Yancy, Sanjiv J. Shah, Alka M. Kanaya, Hongyan Ning, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Namratha R. Kandula, Sadiya S. Khan
Summary: The study found that almost two-thirds of South Asian Americans in the cohort are at intermediate or high predicted 10-year HF risk, with varying risk across demographic and clinical characteristics.
JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Kaveh Ardalan, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Laura E. Schanberg
RHEUMATIC DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Philip Greenland, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones
Summary: Coronary artery calcium testing is best utilized in selected patients at intermediate risk of ASCVD, where it can help reclassify risk effectively and improve the targeting of drug therapy.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Wendy Ying, Wendy S. Post, Erin D. Michos, Vinita Subramanya, Chiadi E. Ndumele, Pamela Ouyang, Bharath Ambale-Venkatesh, Henrique Doria De Vasconcellos, Chike C. Nwabuo, Pamela J. Schreiner, Cora E. Lewis, Jared Reis, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Stephen Sidney, Joao A. C. Lima, Dhananjay Vaidya
Summary: Menopause is associated with worse diastolic function and adverse LV and left atrial remodeling in women, potentially contributing to increased HFpEF risk in postmenopausal women.
MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY
(2021)