Article
Microbiology
Axel Dietschmann, Sebastian Schruefer, Stefanie Westermann, Fiona Henkel, Kirstin Castiglione, Ralf Willebrand, Jasmin Adam, Jurgen Ruland, Roland Lang, Donald C. Sheppard, Julia Esser-von-Bieren, Daniel Radtke, Sven Krappmann, David Voehringer
Summary: Eosinophilia is associated with various inflammatory diseases, such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA). It has been shown that direct interaction between eosinophils and Aspergillus fumigatus is essential for the activation of eosinophils, which then secrete multiple proinflammatory mediators. The PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway plays a crucial role in A. fumigatus-induced eosinophil activation.
Article
Biology
Jie Li, Jiayi Wu, Catherine Hall, Xiao-chen Bai, Eunhee Choi, Emily J. Gallagher
Summary: The insulin receptor (IR) and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) play crucial roles in metabolic homeostasis and cell growth. This study reveals that the structural rigidity of the disulfide-linked alpha CTs is critical for optimal IR and IGF1R signaling activation.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ho Jin Lee, Phuong Chi Pham, Honglan Pei, Bumhee Lim, Seung Yeob Hyun, Byungyeob Baek, Byungjin Kim, Yunha Kim, Min-Hwan Kim, Nae-Won Kang, Hye-Young Min, Dae-Duk Kim, Jeeyeon Lee, Ho-Young Lee
Summary: The study revealed that LL6 is a novel IGF-1R/Src/AXL-targeting small molecule kinase inhibitor, showing inhibitory effects on non-small cell lung cancer cells, reducing tumor growth and metastasis with low toxicity.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Layla Damen, Melitza S. M. Elizabeth, Stephany H. Donze, Sjoerd A. A. van den Berg, Laura C. G. de Graaff, Anita C. S. Hokken-Koelega
Summary: In children with Prader-Willi syndrome receiving GH treatment, high immunoreactive IGF-I levels are often observed, while free IGF-I levels are low, indicating a significant discrepancy between the two.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mahmoud Abdellatif, Viktoria Trummer-Herbst, Alexander Martin Heberle, Alina Humnig, Tobias Pendl, Sylvere Durand, Giulia Cerrato, Sebastian J. Hofer, Moydul Islam, Julia Voglhuber, Jose Miguel Ramos Pittol, Oliver Kepp, Gerald Hoefler, Albrecht Schmidt, Peter P. Rainer, Daniel Scherr, Dirk von Lewinski, Egbert Bisping, Julie R. McMullen, Abhinav Diwan, Tobias Eisenberg, Frank Madeo, Kathrin Thedieck, Guido Kroemer, Simon Sedej
Summary: This study suggests a biphasic relationship between insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) signaling and cardiac health. Higher IGF1R signaling in young mice leads to declining cardiac function and shorter lifespan, while lower IGF1R signaling improves cardiac function and extends lifespan in aging mice.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kaare Grunddal, Samuel A. J. Trammell, Cecilie Baech-Laursen, Daniel B. Andersen, Stella F. S. Xu, Helle Andersen, Matthew P. Gillum, Seyed M. Ghiasi, Ivana Novak, Bjorn Tyrberg, Chien Li, Mette M. Rosenkilde, Bolette Hartmann, Jens J. Holst, Rune E. Kuhre
Summary: UCN3 is an important glucoregulatory hormone that acts through regulation of gastrointestinal and pancreatic functions.
Article
Oncology
Eirini-Maria Giatagana, Aikaterini Berdiaki, Margrethe Gaardlos, Sergey A. Samsonov, George N. Tzanakakis, Dragana Nikitovic
Summary: Osteosarcoma is an aggressive bone cancer, and biglycan plays a role in promoting its growth and resistance to chemotherapy by activating the IGF-IR signaling pathway. This mechanism varies in different levels of differentiation in osteosarcoma cells.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jung Ha Choi, Jeong Youp Park
Summary: The study demonstrated that a fluorescent IGF-1R-targeted antibody could aid in detecting gallbladder tumors, and tumor-specific imaging technology can be applied to endoscopy, laparoscopy, and robotic surgery for better management of gallbladder cancer.
Article
Oncology
Steffen M. Heckl, Lukas Kercher, Samir Abdullazade, Carolin Schneider, Sandra Krueger, Hans-Michael Behrens, Susanne Sebens, Heiner Schaefer, Stefan Schreiber, Christoph Roecken
Summary: Pancreatic cancer may initially benefit from its proximity to insulin-producing pancreatic islets, but it eventually faces limitations due to surgical intervention or local destruction.
Article
Oncology
Evan K. Noch, Laura N. Palma, Isaiah Yim, Nayah Bullen, Yuqing Qiu, Hiranmayi Ravichandran, Junbum Kim, Andre Rendeiro, Melissa B. Davis, Olivier Elemento, David J. Pisapia, Kevin Zhai, Hongbiao Carl LeKaye, Jason A. Koutcher, Patrick Y. Wen, Keith L. Ligon, Lewis C. Cantley
Summary: This study investigated the critical role of insulin feedback in the poor clinical efficacy of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibition in cancer and the independent association between hyperglycemia and poor prognosis in glioblastoma (GBM). It was found that combining anti-hyperglycemic therapy with PI3K inhibition improved treatment efficacy in a GBM mouse model. Analysis of clinical trial data revealed that hyperglycemia was independently associated with poor progression-free survival in GBM patients.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mengyang Li
Summary: The GH/IGF system plays a role in growth regulation in the body. By studying the basal chordate amphioxus, it was discovered that most members of the GH/IGF system are present in amphioxus, providing strong evidence for the origin of this system in amphioxus.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Minhao Yu, Hao Wang, Wei Zhao, Xiaoxiao Ge, Wei Huang, Fengjuan Lin, Wenbo Tang, Ang Li, Sailiang Liu, Rong-Kun Li, Shu-Heng Jiang, Junli Xue
Summary: This study reveals the significant role of PIPKI?? in oxaliplatin resistance and provides a key mechanism of exosomal PD-L1 in colorectal cancer with potential therapeutic implications.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sasja Blokzijl-Franke, Bas Ponsioen, Stefan Schulte-Merker, Philippe Herbomel, Karima Kissa, Suma Choorapoikayil, Jeroen den Hertog
Summary: The study found that HSPCs in mutant zebrafish embryos lacking pten function exhibited death during development, which could be rescued by inhibiting PI3K, while inhibiting PI3K in wild-type embryos also induced HSPC death. PI3K signaling tightly controls HSPC survival, with both up- and downregulation of the signaling pathway reducing stemness of HSPCs.
Article
Oncology
Anna Bianchi, Iago De Castro Silva, Nilesh U. Deshpande, Samara Singh, Siddharth Mehra, Vanessa T. Garrido, Xinyu Guo, Luis A. Nivelo, Despina S. Kolonias, Shannon J. Saigh, Eric Wieder, Christine I. Rafie, Austin R. Dosch, Zhiqun Zhou, Oliver Umland, Haleh Amirian, Ifeanyichukwu C. Ogobuiro, Jian Zhang, Yuguang Ban, Carina Shiau, Nagaraj S. Nagathihalli, Elizabeth A. Montgomery, William L. Hwang, Roberta Brambilla, Krishna Komanduri, Alejandro V. Villarino, Eneda Toska, Ben Z. Stanger, Dmitry I. Gabrilovich, Nipun B. Merchant, Jashodeep Datta
Summary: We have found that the KRAS-TP53 genomic coalteration in PDAC patients is associated with immune-excluded microenvironments, chemoresistance, and poor survival. By studying the cell-autonomous Cxcl1 in PDAC, we have discovered its role in spatial T-cell restriction via interactions with neutrophilic myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Our findings reveal the cross-talk between cancer cells and neutrophils, and the involvement of TNF signaling in promoting immunosuppression and stromal inflammation in pancreatic tumor microenvironments.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mohamed E. Shaker, Hesham A. M. Gomaa, Sara H. Hazem, Mohamed A. Abdelgawad, Mohamed El-Mesery, Ahmed A. Shaaban
Summary: The study investigated the role of PI3K alpha in hepatic sterile inflammation caused by APAP-overdose and found that the selective modulation of PI3K alpha activity by alpelisib can inhibit the inflammatory response and immune cell infiltration. Alpelisib reduced the escalation of liver function biomarkers and hepatic necroinflammation score, as well as apoptosis and proliferation in liver hepatocytes induced by APAP. It also limited the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activation of several signal transduction proteins.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)