Review
Immunology
John P. Thomas, Dezso Modos, Simon M. Rushbrook, Nick Powell, Tamas Korcsmaros
Summary: This review examines the interaction between bile acid metabolites and intestinal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), highlighting their role in regulation of the inflammatory milieu through pathways such as autophagy, apoptosis, and the inflammasome pathway. The study also discusses the potential of novel experimental and bioinformatics approaches to further advance our understanding of the role of bile acids in IBD and inform therapeutic strategies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Vadim Dubinsky, Leah Reshef, Keren Rabinowitz, Karin Yadgar, Lihi Godny, Keren Zonensain, Nir Wasserberg, Iris Dotan, Uri Gophna
Summary: Patients with pouchitis exhibit significant alterations in microbial species, metabolic pathways, and enzyme functions, with specific enrichment of Ruminococcus gnavus strains and depletion in pathways related to butyrate and secondary bile acid synthesis. Microbial feature-based classifiers have been developed to distinguish between patients with a normal pouch and pouchitis, identifying predictive species and genes for pouchitis. The study highlights potential microbial targets for intervention to attenuate small intestinal inflammation in pouchitis and CD.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jian He, Xiaobei Luo, Hongjie Xin, Qianwei Lai, Yuanping Zhou, Yang Bai
Summary: Omega-3 fatty acids have a protective effect against ulcerative colitis, while there is no causal relationship between other fatty acids and inflammatory bowel disease.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jurij Hanzel, Peter Bossuyt, Valerie Pittet, Mark Samaan, Monika Tripathi, Wladyslawa Czuber-Dochan, Johan Burisch, Salvatore Leone, Roberto Saldana, Filip Baert, Uri Kopylov, Susanna Jaghult, Michel Adamina, Naila Arebi, Krisztina Gecse
Summary: This study aimed to develop a core outcome set for real-world studies in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Candidate outcomes and outcome measures were identified through a systematic review and a modified Delphi consensus process. The international panel agreed on the final core outcome set, which will facilitate the synthesis and generation of real-world evidence.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Julien Kirchgesner, Rishi J. Desai, Maria C. Schneeweiss, Laurent Beaugerie, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Seoyoung C. Kim
Summary: Combination therapy with vedolizumab and thiopurines is associated with a lower risk of treatment failure compared to vedolizumab monotherapy in patients with CD, but the effect is less pronounced in UC.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Uma Mahadevan, Millie D. Long, Sunanda Kane, Abhik Roy, Marla C. Dubinsky, Bruce E. Sands, Russell D. Cohen, Christina D. Chambers, William J. Sandborn
Summary: The study found that exposure to biologic, thiopurine, or combination therapy during pregnancy did not increase adverse maternal or fetal outcomes, and these treatments can be continued throughout pregnancy for women with IBD to maintain disease control.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Aonghus Lavelle, Stephane Nancey, Jean-Marie Reimund, David Laharie, Philippe Marteau, Xavier Treton, Matthieu Allez, Xavier Roblin, Georgia Malamut, Cyriane Oeuvray, Nathalie Rolhion, Xavier Dray, Dominique Rainteau, Antonin Lamaziere, Emilie Gauliard, Julien Kirchgesner, Laurent Beaugerie, Philippe Seksik, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Harry Sokol
Summary: This study investigated the association between gut microbiota, bile acids, and colorectal cancer in IBD patients. The results found that specific bacterial taxa were associated with cancer, while bile acids were not. Additionally, clustering analysis identified microbiota clusters associated with clinical features.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiongjie Sun, Yu Zhang, Gang Cheng, Tianxiang Zhu, Zhigang Zhang, Lei Xiong, Haiming Hu, Hongtao Liu
Summary: This study investigated the ameliorative effects of berberine on gut microbiota dysbiosis and flora metabolites in a UC rodent model. The results showed that berberine improved the pathological phenotype, attenuated intestinal barrier disruption, and mitigated colonic inflammation. It also alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis and ameliorated the bile acid imbalance induced by DSS. Furthermore, berberine treatment repaired gut barrier damage and activated the FXR and TGR5 signal pathway.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vishal Khatri, Ramaswamy Kalyanasundaram
Summary: This review focuses on the association between IBD and gut inflammasome, as well as recent advances in research and therapeutic strategies for IBD, discussing inflammasomes and their components, outcomes from experimental animals and human studies, inflammasome inhibitors, and developments in inflammasome-targeted therapies for IBD.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Catherine Le Berre, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
Summary: The SPIRIT consensus group has agreed that the ultimate therapeutic goal in both CD and UC is to prevent disease impact on patients' lives, including health-related quality of life, disability, and fecal incontinence, as well as prevent complications in the short and long term, such as bowel damage, surgeries, disease extension, extraintestinal manifestations, and dysplasia or cancer. These recommendations will need to be validated in clinical studies before being implemented in disease-modification trials.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Thomas M. Goodsall, Tran M. Nguyen, Claire E. Parker, Christopher Ma, Jane M. Andrews, Vipul Jairath, Robert Bryant
Summary: The study systematically identified ultrasound scoring indices for assessing inflammatory bowel disease activity, with common components including bowel wall thickness, colour Doppler imaging, and bowel wall stratification. The correlation between ultrasound indices and reference standards, as well as sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and other properties, varied within certain ranges. However, reliability and responsiveness data were limited, and most studies were rated with unclear or high risk of bias.
JOURNAL OF CROHNS & COLITIS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan W. Gan, Diana Sun, Amanda R. Tatro, Shirley Cohen-Mekelburg, Wyndy L. Wiitala, Ji Zhu, Akbar K. Waljee
Summary: This study replicated a machine-learning model's ability to predict acute exacerbations of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a nationally representative cohort, with the random forest model outperforming the logistic regression model.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vu Q. Nguyen, Fabiano Celio, Maithili Chitnavis, Mohammad Shakhatreh, Jeffry Katz, Fabio Cominelli, Amitabh Chak, Paul Yeaton
Summary: This study examined the role of EUS in distinguishing between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, finding that it can be used to diagnose active and inactive disease by measuring colon wall layer thickness and assessing transmural disease activity.
GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
HyunTaek Jung, Jae Seok Kim, Keum Hwa Lee, Kalthoum Tizaoui, Salvatore Terrazzino, Sarah Cargnin, Lee Smith, Ai Koyanagi, Louis Jacob, Han Li, Sung Hwi Hong, Dong Keon Yon, Seung Won Lee, Min Seo Kim, Paul Wasuwanich, Wikrom Karnsakul, Jae Il Shin, Andreas Kronbichler
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract that mainly affects young people. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of IBD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Reza Yarani, Ali Shojaeian, Oana Palasca, Nadezhda T. Doncheva, Lars Juhl Jensen, Jan Gorodkin, Flemming Pociot
Summary: This review discusses the differential regulation of miRNAs in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and their potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Through literature curation and computational analysis, a consensus set of differentially expressed miRNAs in mucosal tissues was obtained. The role of these miRNAs and their potential targets in IBD are highlighted.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Silvio Danese, Marc Ferrante, Brian G. Feagan, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Toshifumi Hibi, William J. Sandborn, Stefan Schreiber, Timothy Ritter, Edward V. Loftus, Gerhard Rogler, Alessandra Oortwijn, Chohee Yun, Franck-Olivier Le Brun, Jason Dinoso, Jeremy Hsieh, Severine Vermeire
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and sustainability of filgotinib in treating moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis (UC) patients using the Mayo Clinic Score (pMCS) and patient-reported subscores. The results showed that treatment with filgotinib improved UC symptoms within 7 days and a higher proportion of patients achieved clinical remission at weeks 10 and 58.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Yuhan Yin, Anna Sichler, Josef Ecker, Melanie Laschinger, Gerhard Liebisch, Marcus Hoering, Marijana Basic, Andre Bleich, Xue-Jun Zhang, Ludwig Kuebelsbeck, Johannes Plagge, Emely Scherer, Dirk Wohlleber, Jianye Wang, Yang Wang, Marcella Steffani, Pavel Stupakov, Yasmin Gaertner, Fabian Lohoefer, Carolin Mogler, Helmut Friess, Daniel Hartmann, Bernhard Holzmann, Norbert Hueser, Klaus-Peter Janssen
Summary: Hepatocyte growth and proliferation depend on membrane phospholipid biosynthesis, which is significantly influenced by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) generated through bacterial fermentation. Antibiotic treatment and dysbiosis not only affect gut microbiota, but also impair hepatic lipid synthesis and liver regeneration.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Louis C. Penning, Marina Berenguer, Anna Czlonkowska, Kay L. Double, Petr Dusek, Carmen Espinos, Svetlana Lutsenko, Valentina Medici, Wiebke Papenthin, Wolfgang Stremmel, Jose Willemse, Ralf Weiskirchen
Summary: Wilson disease is a rare inherited metabolic disorder with diverse clinical presentations affecting the liver, neurological system, psychiatric status, and vision, often in combination. Mutations in the ATP7B gene lead to copper accumulation in hepatocytes and/or neurons, making clinical diagnosis challenging. Diagnosis is complicated by mild and non-specific manifestations, mutations with unclear effects on protein function, and ambiguous laboratory tests, particularly concerning serum ceruloplasmin levels. Establishing a global collaboration of researchers, clinicians, and patient advocacy groups is crucial for identifying and addressing the outstanding challenges of Wilson disease.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nikolaos Pagonas, Felix S. Seibert, Gerhard Liebisch, Maximillian Seidel, Theodoros Giannakopoulos, Benjamin Sasko, Oliver Ritter, Nina Babel, Timm H. Westhoff
Summary: This study found an association between low levels of propionate, a short-chain fatty acid, and coronary artery disease (CAD).
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lea Schaefer, Sarah M. Grundmann, Silvia Friedrichs, Dieter Luetjohann, Marcus Hoering, Gerhard Liebisch, Erika Most, Robert Ringseis, Klaus Eder
Summary: Replacing soybean oil with Hermetia illucen larvae fat alters the fatty acid composition of meat and reduces lipid oxidation.
ARCHIVES OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Lilli Arndt, Ileana Hernandez-Resendiz, Doreen Moos, Janine Dokas, Silvana Mueller, Franziska Jeromin, Richard Wagner, Uta Ceglarek, Iris M. Heid, Marcus Hoering, Gerhard Liebisch, Sonja C. Stadler, Ralph Burkhardt
Summary: This study demonstrates that deficiency of Trib1 promotes the formation of atherosclerotic lesions and increases plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels in Ldlr(-/-) mice. It also suggests that Trib1 deficiency alters hepatic lipid metabolism and induces inflammation.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Susanne Heimerl, Marcus Hoering, Dominik Kopczynski, Alexander Sigruener, Christina Hart, Ralph Burkhardt, Anne Black, Robert Ahrends, Gerhard Liebisch
Summary: This study presents a standardized protocol for quantifying lipid species concentrations in basal and activated human platelets using flow-injection mass spectrometry. The results show changes in lipid species concentrations after platelet activation and the release of complex lipids. These concentrations provide important insights into the physiological role of platelet lipids and serve as a basis for studying the platelet lipidome in patients with hemorrhagic or thrombotic disorders.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lea Schaefer, Sarah M. Grundmann, Garima Maheshwari, Marcus Hoering, Gerhard Liebisch, Erika Most, Klaus Eder, Robert Ringseis
Summary: This study comprehensively investigated the effect of using insect fat from Hermetia illucens larvae as a fat source in broiler diets. The results showed that replacing soybean oil with insect fat had no effect on the growth performance and metabolic health of broilers, suggesting that insect fat can be a sustainable alternative fat source in broiler diets.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Fen Long, Memoona R. Bhatti, Alexandra Kellenberger, Wenfei Sun, Salvatore Modica, Marcus Hoering, Gerhard Liebisch, Jean-Philippe Krieger, Christian Wolfrum, Tenagne D. Challa
Summary: This study reveals that a high-fat diet can cause liver fibrosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and explores the mechanisms through which these diseases occur under strict diet control.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Dominik Kopczynski, Nils Hoffmann, Nina Troppmair, Cristina Coman, Kim Ekroos, Michael R. Kreutz, Gerhard Liebisch, Dominik Schwudke, Robert Ahrends
Summary: Lipid analysis is important for understanding the various functions of lipids, and LipidSpace is a standalone tool that analyzes lipidomes by assessing their structural and quantitative differences. It offers a user-friendly GUI and support for multiple data formats, allowing for reanalysis and merging of datasets, and provides additional discoveries.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ranjithkumar Rajendran, Vinothkumar Rajendran, Gregor Boettiger, Christine Stadelmann, Kian Shirvanchi, Laureen von Au, Sudhanshu Bhushan, Natascha Wallendszus, Darja Schunin, Victor Westbrock, Gerhard Liebisch, Sueleyman Erguen, Srikanth Karnati, Martin Berghoff
Summary: This study demonstrates the therapeutic potential of the FGFR inhibitor infigratinib in preventing and suppressing the first clinical episodes of MOG(35-55)-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, reducing inflammation and neurodegeneration. Infigratinib also promotes oligodendrocyte maturation and remyelination, and decreases neurodegeneration-associated lipids. Therefore, infigratinib holds promise as a treatment for multiple sclerosis.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sarah M. Grundmann, Kerstin Ress, Lea Zimmermann, Marcus Hoering, Gerhard Liebisch, Erika Most, Robert Ringseis, Klaus Eder
Summary: A high phosphorus intake is associated with metabolic disorders and this study investigated the impact of a high-phosphorus diet on mouse skeletal muscle lipid composition and gene transcription.
Article
Cell Biology
Thomas Timm, Christiane Hild, Gerhard Liebisch, Markus Rickert, Guenter Lochnit, Juergen Steinmeyer
Summary: The levels of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) are elevated in the synovial fluid of patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Different LPC species have varying effects on the regulation of proteins and phospholipids in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs). IL-1 & beta; has the most significant impact on the regulation of proteins by LPC 16:0, suggesting its potential role in modulating inflammatory and catabolic mechanisms.
Article
Biology
Sabrina Ehnert, Anna J. Schreiner, Claudine Seeliger, Josef Ecker, Fabian Springer, Gerhard Liebisch, Philipp Hemmann, Tina Histing, Andreas K. Nussler
Summary: Using fatty acid methyl ester gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, this study found that both saturated and unsaturated fatty acids increase in the bone marrow. Characteristic fatty acid patterns were identified in patients with normal BMD, osteopenia, and osteoporosis, and different patterns were found in plasma, red bone marrow, and yellow bone marrow. Specific fatty acids correlated with osteoclast activity and suggested a possible mechanism for how fatty acids interfere with BMD, but no single fatty acid in the profile could be claimed for controlling BMD.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leonie Perren, Moana Busch, Cordelia Schuler, Pedro A. Ruiz, Federica Foti, Nathalie Weibel, Cheryl de Valliere, Yasser Morsy, Klaus Seuwen, Martin Hausmann, Gerhard Rogler
Summary: G-protein-coupled receptors OGR1 and TDAG8 play opposite roles in inflammatory bowel disease, with OGR1 deficiency reducing inflammation severity and TDAG8 deficiency increasing inflammation. These findings suggest the potential importance of OGR1 and TDAG8 as therapeutic targets.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)