Article
Engineering, Environmental
Collin Knox Coleman, John Kim, Emily S. Bailey, Lydia S. Abebe, Joe Brown, Otto D. D. Simmons III, Mark D. Sobsey
Summary: Conventional water treatment practices using chlorine as disinfectant may not effectively inactivate resistant pathogens such as Cryptosporidium parvum. This study evaluates the efficacy of free bromine as an alternative disinfectant and finds that at a concentration of 5 mg/L, bromine reduces C. parvum infectivity by 0.6 log compared to only 0.4 log by chlorine. It also demonstrates the effectiveness of bromine and chlorine in reducing Bacillus atrophaeus spores and MS2 coliphage by 4 log.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Julia Kanaan, Jillian Murray, Ryan Higgins, Mishil Nana, Angela M. DeMarco, George Korza, Peter Setlow
Summary: The protein 2Duf increases the wet heat resistance of Bacillus subtilis spores. The presence of 2Duf increases spore resistance to chemicals that damage or must cross the inner membrane (IM). Spores lacking 2Duf, coats, and Ca-dipicolinic acid are extremely sensitive to wet heat and chemicals.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
A. M. DeMarco, G. Korza, M. R. Granados, W. W. K. Mok, P. Setlow
Summary: The study found that dodecylamine may be a universal sporicide for Firmicute species, killing spores by damaging their inner membrane. Additionally, spores killed by dodecylamine cannot be recovered by additions to recovery media, indicating that these spores are truly dead.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qiqi Wan, Yuancheng Xia, Yangfan Li, Gehui Wu, Jingyi Wang, Tinglin Huang, Gang Wen
Summary: This study demonstrates that the addition of low-dose chlorine enhances the solar inactivation of fungal spores. The chlorine oxidation leads to membrane permeability increase, thereby improving the solar inactivation of fungal spores. However, the presence of dissolved organic matter and metal ions in real water matrices decreases the inactivation efficiency. The formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in solar/chlorine treatment is lower than that in chlorine alone treatment, and low-dose chlorine also inhibits the regrowth potential of fungal spores in the medium.
Article
Microbiology
George Korza, Michelle Goulet, Angela DeMarco, James Wicander, Peter Setlow
Summary: The development of Bacillus spore cores involves the accumulation of 3-phosphoglycerate (3PGA) during sporulation and before decreases in core water content occur due to Ca-dipicolinc acid (CaDPA) uptake. The accumulation of 3PGA is inhibited by core acidification and phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) at pH 6.4. The germination of spores and the generation of ATP rely on the catabolism of 3PGA.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Rasmus Oberg, Tobias Dahlberg, Dmitry Malyshev, Magnus Andersson
Summary: This study investigates the use of isotope labeling and Raman microscopy as a rapid and cost-effective method for monitoring spore metabolic activity and sterilization verification. The appearance of a Raman peak related to C-D bonds in the spores, along with the observation of the first cell division, suggests low metabolic activity during germination. Additionally, the addition of 30% heavy water did not affect the germination and cell growth rate of the spores.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. Dikec, M. Pacheco, M. Lavaud, P. Winckler, J. M. Perrier-Cornet
Summary: Dipicolinic acid (DPA) is an important molecule in bacterial spores, contributing to their resistance to UV exposure and germination. The photochemistry and effects of DPA photoproducts (DPAp) are still not well understood. Recent studies have identified a few DPAp, but their impact on spores remains unclear. This study artificially introduced DPAp into Bacillus subtilis spores and found that some DPAp can improve spore germination rate, kinetics, and resistance to UV exposure.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sophie Blinker, Jocelyne Vreede, Peter Setlow, Stanley Brul
Summary: Bacillus subtilis forms dormant spores upon nutrient depletion, with GerA as the major germinant receptor. GerA consists of three subunits and activation by L-alanine requires all three subunits. Structural predictions for the integral membrane protein GerAB indicate it is an alpha-helical transmembrane protein containing a water channel. Free L-alanine binds transiently to specific sites on GerAB in molecular dynamics simulations, providing a starting point for understanding L-alanine mediated signaling by GerAB in spore germination.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Joe James, Stephanie M. Meyer, Huynh A. Hong, Chau Dang, Ho T. Y. Linh, William Ferreira, Paidamoyo M. Katsande, Linh Vo, Daniel Hynes, William Love, Ashley C. Banyard, Simon M. Cutting
Summary: This study found that nasal dosing using heat-stable spores can reduce clinical symptoms of influenza infection and decrease viral shedding in animals. This approach may have important implications for influenza prophylaxis in both humans and animals.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yongji Zhang, Yejing Chen, Jie Qiu, Lingling Zhou
Summary: This study demonstrates that the combined treatment of UV irradiation and sodium persulfate can effectively disinfect microorganisms in drinking water. Both UV irradiation and sodium persulfate can individually inactivate bacteria, but the combined treatment method is the most effective.
DESALINATION AND WATER TREATMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Qiqi Wan, Ruihua Cao, Gang Wen, Xiangqian Xu, Yuancheng Xia, Gehui Wu, Yangfan Li, Jingyi Wang, Yingzi Lin, Tinglin Huang
Summary: The use of sequential application of UV and Cl-2 on fungal spores showed enhanced inactivation efficiency, especially in processes involving UV/Cl-2 or at a wavelength of 280 nm, promoting the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and leading to more severe damage to the spores.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Audrey Hamiot, Christelle Lemy, Frederic Krzewinski, Christine Faille, Thomas Dubois
Summary: Spore-forming bacteria of the Bacillus subtilis group are responsible for recurrent contamination of processing lines in the food industry. The study found that sporulation conditions affect the surface and adhesion properties of B. subtilis spores.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ying Gao, Zhe Sun, Ying Guo, Zhimin Qiang, Weiwei Ben
Summary: The efficacy of disinfection processes in water treatment plants in preventing the spread of viruses during the COVID-19 outbreak is unclear. This study analyzed the effects of different disinfection processes, such as UV and chlorine, on waterborne viruses using bacteriophage surrogates. The results showed that sequential UV-chlorine disinfection had a synergistic effect on virus inactivation, and UV irradiation enhanced the sensitivity of viruses to subsequent chlorination.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dulce Brigite Ocampo-Rodriguez, Gabriela A. Vazquez-Rodriguez, Jose Antonio Rodriguez, Maria del Refugio Gonzalez Sandoval, Ulises Iturbe-Acosta, Sylvia Martinez Hernandez, Claudia Coronel-Olivares
Summary: This study compared the removal efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid on three strains of bacteria isolated from wastewater. The results showed that both disinfectants were effective in inactivating S. pasteuri, but peracetic acid showed greater resistance for K. pneumoniae and was more effective for B. subtilis endospores.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Zhi-Lun Liu, Xi Chen
Summary: Peptidoglycan, the major structural component of bacterial spores, has been found to regulate the spore's water content and deformations in response to changes in relative humidity. The cortex peptidoglycan plays a dominant role in the spores' water-content-dependent morphological and mechanical properties. The ability of cortex peptidoglycan to sense and respond to environmental humidity, and effectively change its structures and properties, provides insights into spores' high desiccation resistance and dormancy mechanisms.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
David J. Kim, Qianhong Zhu, Kali Rigby, Xuanhao Wu, Jin Hyun Kim, Jae-Hong Kim
Summary: Electrocatalysis has been proposed as a versatile technology for wastewater treatment and reuse, but the practicality of catalyst materials remains clouded by a lack of stability assessment protocols and understanding of deactivation mechanisms. This study develops a protocol to identify detrimental wastewater constituents and elucidate underlying phenomena, showing severe losses in catalyst activity and/or selectivity upon the introduction of metal pollutants. The insights garnered from this protocol aim to translate lab-scale electrocatalyst developments into practical technologies for industrial water treatment purposes.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xuanhao Wu, Kali Rigby, Dahong Huang, Tayler Hedtke, Xiaoxiong Wang, Myoung Won Chung, Seunghyun Weon, Eli Stavitski, Jae-Hong Kim
Summary: A new graphene oxide-based membrane architecture was developed to efficiently degrade a specific pollutant using cobalt catalysts loaded in nanoscale pore walls. The use of a unique synthesis procedure enabled the dispersion of cobalt atoms uniformly, maintaining the membrane's structure and functionality. This study presents a critical advancement in developing catalytic membranes that combine membrane filtration and advanced oxidation processes in a more efficient single-step treatment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
David J. Kim, Yuanzuo Gao, Kali Rigby, Aidan F. Meese, Hyun Jeong Lim, Hailiang Wang, Jin Hyun Kim, Jae-Hong Kim
Summary: Electrocatalytic water treatment using pulsed electrolysis is explored to enhance catalyst impurity tolerance and longevity. By analyzing real wastewater constituents and evaluating various catalyst designs, optimal pulsing sequences are formulated to maximize operational lifetime. Superior performance is achieved with a boron-doped carbon catalyst, showing high selectivity (>75%) and near complete recoveries even in the presence of detrimental impurities. A novel strategy is developed to adapt the fine-tuned settings for practical two-electrode operation, resulting in significantly improved long-term hydrogen peroxide production. The findings highlight the versatility of pulsed electrolysis for developing more practical water treatment technologies.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dahong Huang, Kali Rigby, Weirui Chen, Xuanhao Wu, Junfeng Niu, Eli Stavitski, Jae-Hong Kim
Summary: Atomic dispersion of metal catalysts on a substrate increases their atomic efficiency. However, the absence of neighboring metal sites can negatively impact the catalytic performance of single-atom catalysts (SACs) in certain industrial reactions. Metal ensemble catalysts (M-n) are a promising alternative to overcome this limitation. This study demonstrates that manipulating the coordination environment (CE) of M-n can enhance their catalytic activity.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaoxiong Wang, Xuanhao Wu, Wen Ma, Xuechen Zhou, Shuo Zhang, Dahong Huang, Lea R. Winter, Jae-Hong Kim, Menachem Elimelech
Summary: This study presents a flow-through electrofiltration method using an electrified membrane and single-atom catalysts, which achieves high removal efficiency of ultra-low concentration nitrate and improves reduction activity and selectivity, offering a new solution for efficient water purification.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xuanhao Wu, Mohammadreza Nazemi, Srishti Gupta, Adam Chismar, Kiheon Hong, Hunter Jacobs, Wenqing Zhang, Kali Rigby, Tayler Hedtke, Qingxiao Wang, Eli Stavitski, Michael S. Wong, Christopher Muhich, Jae-Hong Kim
Summary: The occurrence of high concentrations of nitrate in water resources poses a significant environmental and human health threat. Single atom alloys (SAAs) have shown promise in removing nitrate through thermocatalytic and electrocatalytic processes. This study reveals the contrasting performance of SAAs in thermocatalytic (T-NRR) and electrocatalytic (E-NRR) pathways, with Pd/Cu(1:100) SAA demonstrating the highest activity and selectivity for E-NRR. DFT calculations suggest that the superior performance of Pd/Cu(1:100) in E-NRR is attributed to the stability of NO3* in electrocatalysis and lower N2 formation barrier.
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Denise M. M. Mitrano, Miriam L. L. Diamond, Jae-Hong Kim, Kam Chiu Tam, Min Yang, Zhanyun Wang
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Kali Rigby, Jae-Hong Kim
Summary: In the pursuit of synthesizing high-loading and effective single-atom catalysts (SACs), the potential aggregation due to high surface free energy cannot be ignored. Catalyst stability is crucial for SACs, as they need to maintain their single-atom configuration during synthesis and reaction conditions. Evaluating SAC stability is equally important as catalyst performance, but it has not received the same level of attention. This review discusses the key factors affecting SAC stability, such as reducing environments and high temperatures, and emphasizes the intricate relationship between the environment and aggregation, including the influence of metal, support, and reaction conditions on catalytic performance.
CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Environmental
Denise M. M. Mitrano, Miriam L. L. Diamond, Jae-Hong Kim, Kam Chiu Tam, Min Yang, Zhanyun Wang
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Seung Hee Chae, Min Sik Kim, Jae-Hong Kim, John D. Fortner
Summary: In this study, nanobubble (NB) generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), particularly hydroxyl radical ((OH)-O-center dot), was extensively characterized. The generated NBs exhibited consistent physical characteristics and showed no degradation of benzoic acid (BA), a scavenger for (OH)-O-center dot, or detection of (OH)-O-center dot using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). Although a positive fluorescence response was measured using a fluorescence probe for (OH)-O-center dot, an alternate explanation for the result was provided, suggesting a false positive fluorescence response due to acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the probe. Based on these results, it can be concluded that NB-induced (OH)-O-center dot generation is minimal, if present at all, under the evaluated conditions.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Engineering, Environmental
Denise M. Mitrano, Miriam L. Diamond, Jae-Hong Kim, Kam Chiu Tam, Min Yang, Zhanyun Wang
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2023)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Denise M. M. Mitrano, Miriam L. L. Diamond, Jae-Hong Kim, Kam Chiu Tam, Min Yang, Zhanyun Wang
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sabyasachi Das, Margaret G. O'Connell, Hui Xu, Roy Bernstein, Jae-Hong Kim, Kirti Sankhala, Tamar Segal-Peretz, Rahul Shevate, Wei Zhang, Xuechen Zhou, Seth B. Darling, Jennifer B. Dunn
Summary: This study reports the potential cost and energy savings of using fouling-resistant membranes in desalination and wastewater treatment. Increasing membrane lifetime has the greatest impact on reducing operating expenses, while energy consumption is less sensitive to the evaluated parameters.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Xuanhao Wu, Jae-Hong Kim
Summary: Single atom catalysts (SACs) have shown great potential for energy, chemical, and environmental applications. However, the mechanism of persulfate activation by SACs and the design parameters for higher efficiency are still uncertain. This critical review examines past SAC materials used for persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) and discusses current limitations, opportunities, and future research needs.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Aidan Francis Meese, David J. Kim, Xuanhao Wu, Linh Le, Cade Napier, Mark T. Hernandez, Nicollette Laroco, Karl G. Linden, Jordan Cox, Parthiv Kurup, James McCall, David Greene, Michael Talmadge, Zhe Huang, Jordan Macknick, Kurban A. Sitterley, Ariel Miara, Anna Evans, Kiran Thirumaran, Mini Malhotra, Susana Garcia Gonzalez, Prakash Rao, Jennifer Stokes-Draut, Jae-Hong Kim
Summary: As water scarcity becomes more severe in the United States, it is crucial to develop strategies for reducing water use and improving water resource security. This study explores the potential of industrial wastewater as an alternative water resource through direct treatment and reuse. The researchers critically reviewed the current state of water use, treatment, and reuse in six representative industries and conducted a technoeconomic assessment to analyze the costs and potential for innovation in water treatment processes. The findings provide insights into the future of industrial water reuse and strategies for its expansion.
ACS ES&T ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Rong-Gui Zhu, Chang-Gui Pan, Feng-Jiao Peng, Chao-Yang Zhou, Jun-Jie Hu, Kefu Yu
Summary: This comprehensive survey investigated the occurrence, bioaccumulation, and trophic magnification of parabens and their metabolite 4-HB in a marine food web. Results showed that parabens were the predominant pollutants in marine organisms, with significant bioaccumulation from sediments. The estimated trophic magnification factor indicated biomagnification for MeP and trophic dilution for 4-HB. Overall, the risks for humans consuming marine organisms were found to be low.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Andres F. Torres-Franco, Deborah Leroy-Freitas, Cristina Martinez-Fraile, Elisa Rodriguez, Pedro A. Garcia-Encina, Raul Munoz
Summary: Anaerobic and microalgae-based technologies have emerged as sustainable alternatives for municipal wastewater treatment. However, the presence of viruses in the treated wastewater is a major concern for reuse applications. This study assessed the ability of these technologies to reduce viruses during secondary wastewater treatment. The results showed that all technologies were effective in reducing the concentration of viruses, with microalgae-based treatment exhibiting the highest potential for reducing the disinfection requirements of treated wastewater.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Young Gwang Kim, Sae Yun Kwon, Spencer J. Washburn, Scott C. Brooks, Ji Won Yoon, Lucien Besnard
Summary: The study uses Hg isotope ratios to identify the sources and exposure pathways of mercury in bivalves, finding that dissolved Hg phases in the water column are the primary source and exposure pathway to bivalves. This provides new insights into using bivalves as bioindicators for sediment quality monitoring.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hui Geng, Ying Xu, Rui Liu, Dianhai Yang, Xiaohu Dai
Summary: This study investigates the effect of cation exchange resin (CER) on the sequential recovery of hydrogen and methane from anaerobic digestion (AD) and the corresponding mechanisms. The results show that CER can simultaneously enhance the production of hydrogen and methane by promoting the solubilisation, hydrolysis, and acidification of organic matter. Additionally, CER facilitates effective contact between bacteria and organic particulates and reduces the energy barrier for mass transfer during methane production. The study also reveals changes in the microbial community structure and metagenomics during the AD process.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaojing Lin, Zhan Jin, Shunfeng Jiang, Zhiquan Wang, Suqing Wu, Ke Bei, Min Zhao, Xiangyong Zheng
Summary: Dehumidification combined with addition of absorbent resin supplement (ARS) was used to achieve rapid evaporation of non-pretreated urine, resulting in high water evaporation efficiency and nutrient recovery.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yangli Che, Chaoran Lin, Shen Li, Jiao Liu, Longhai Zhu, Shilei Yu, Nan Wang, Haoshuai Li, Mutai Bao, Yang Zhou, Tonghao Si, Rui Bao
Summary: Hydrodynamic processes play a crucial role in the transmission of sediments, microbial assembly, and organic carbon redistribution in the ocean. Through experiments and analysis, we found that hydrodynamics shape the assembly of microbial communities and control the redistribution of different sourced organic carbon, thereby influencing microbial-mediated biogeochemical transformation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chao Chen, Yu Yang, Nigel J. D. Graham, Zhenyu Li, Xingtao Yang, Zhining Wang, Nadia Farhat, Johannes S. Vrouwenvelder, Li -an Hou
Summary: The fouling of seawater reverse osmosis membranes is a persistent challenge in desalination. This study monitored the operational performance of a desalination plant for 7 years and the fouling development in different areas of membrane modules. The findings showed that operational performance declined over time and fouling mainly occurred at the feed side of the modules, with the highest microbial diversity. Keystone species like Chloroflexi and Planctomycetes played an important role in maintaining community structure and biofilm maturation. Polysaccharides, soluble microbial products, marine humic acid-like substances, and inorganic substances contributed to fouling. Overall, biofouling had a significant impact on membrane fouling after 7 years of operation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dan Li, Jieyi Sun, Yibo Fu, Wentao Hong, Heli Wang, Qian Yang, Junhong Wu, Sen Yang, Jianhui Xu, Yunfei Zhang, Yirong Deng, Yin Zhong, Ping'an Peng
Summary: Sulfidation-oxidation treatment of magnetite (Fe3O4) enhances the production of dark center dot OH, which can efficiently degrade dissolved organic matter (DOM) and accelerate carbon cycling.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Cheng Yu, Kaijun Wang, Kaiyuan Zhang, Ruiyang Liu, Pingping Zheng
Summary: This study implemented a microaerobic-aerobic configuration in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment facility and investigated the effects on sludge characteristics, pollutant removal, microbial community, and granulation mechanisms. The results showed successful transition from flocculent-activated sludge to well-defined AGS after two months of operation. The primary pathways for pollutant removal were simultaneous nitrification, denitrification, and phosphorus removal. Moreover, the incorporation of internal separators induced shifts in the flow pattern, which promoted granulation.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Zhe Zhang, Shaoyang Hu, Guangrong Sun, Wei Wang
Summary: Halogenated aromatic disinfection byproducts (DBPs), such as halogenated phenols, have garnered widespread attention due to their high toxicity and prevalence. This study reports on the analysis, occurrence, and cytotoxicity of a group of emerging halogenated aromatic DBPs, known as halogenated polyhydroxyphenols (HPPs), in drinking water.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Shengyue Chen, Jinliang Huang, Peng Wang, Xi Tang, Zhenyu Zhang
Summary: Accurate prediction of river water quality is crucial for sustainable water management. This study introduces wavelet analysis and transfer learning techniques to assist LSTM modeling, proposing a newly coupled modeling approach that improves short-term prediction of river water quality.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bang Du, Xinmin Zhan, Piet N. L. Lens, Yifeng Zhang, Guangxue Wu
Summary: Efficient anaerobic digestion relies on the cooperation of different microorganisms with different metabolic pathways. This study investigated the effects of different operational modes and the addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on ethanol metabolic pathways. The results showed that the SBR mode and the presence of CO2 facilitated ethanol metabolism towards propionate production, while the CFR mode with extended solids retention time enriched Geobacter. Adjusting operational modes and PAC addition can modulate anaerobic ethanol metabolism and enrich Geobacter.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Wanfa Wang, Si-Liang Li, Jun Zhong, Yuanbi Yi, Fujun Yue, Zenglei Han, Qixin Wu, Ding He, Cong-Qiang Liu
Summary: This study compares the carbon biogeochemical processes in karst and non-karst regions within large thermal stratified river-reservoir systems. The results demonstrate that karst reservoirs have a reduced potential for carbon emissions and highlight the importance of considering geologic settings to improve accuracy in regional and global CO2 emission estimates.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chunxia Jiang, Zelong Zhao, Dong Zhu, Xiong Pan, Yuyi Yang
Summary: This study analyzed the occurrence and distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in different environmental media of the Yangtze River using metagenomics. Core resistome dominated by multidrug resistance genes was found in all samples, while rare resistome dominated by various resistance genes was more prevalent in plasmids. Specific bacteria were identified as hosts for both core and rare resistomes, with high clinical concern ARGs found in the rare resistome. Particle-associated environment provided the most ideal conditions for resistome hosts. This study provided insights into the genetic locations of ARGs and the community assembly mechanisms of ARG hosts in freshwater environments.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yu Zhang, Yongtao He, Linchun Jia, Lei Xu, Zheng Wang, Yueling He, Ling Xiong, Xumeng Lin, Hong Chen, Gang Xue
Summary: By synergizing organic carbon source, thiosulfate, and zero-valent iron, efficient mixotrophic denitrification of oligotrophic secondary effluent can be achieved. Thiosulfate plays a vital role in promoting TN removal efficiency, while corrosion of Fe0 releases OH- to neutralize H+ from thiosulfate-driven denitrification, creating a suitable environment for denitrification. The coordination of thiosulfate and Fe0 maintains the dominance of Thiobacillus for denitrification.
