Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ji Hong Kim, Chae Hwan Cho, Jae Hwan Shin, Moon Seop Hyun, Eunha Hwang, Tae Jung Park, Jong Pil Park
Summary: An electrochemical biosensor was developed to detect the HA protein in the envelope of the influenza virus, using high-affinity peptide-displaying phage particles identified through phage display technology. The sensor showed good performance characteristics, including low limit of detection, high reproducibility, and compatibility with human plasma samples. The sensor system demonstrated advantages such as low cost, rapid analysis, and minimal sample volume requirement, making it suitable for rapid and effective detection of the influenza virus antigen.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Irina Alymova, John F. Cipollo, Lisa M. Parsons, Nedzad Music, Ram P. Kamal, Wen-Pin Tzeng, Cynthia S. Goldsmith, Joseph N. Contessa, Kevan L. Hartshorn, Jason R. Wilson, Hui Zeng, Shane Gansebom, Ian A. York
Summary: Individuals with metabolic dysregulation of cellular glycosylation often experience severe influenza disease, with reduced immune response and vaccine efficacy. Our study reveals that imbalanced glycosylation can modify the viral glycome without genomic changes, leading to reduced host immune responses and vaccine efficacy.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Louisa E. Wallace, Mengying Liu, Frank J. M. van Kuppeveld, Erik de Vries, Cornelis A. M. de Haan
Summary: Efficient penetration of the mucus layer is crucial for respiratory viruses to avoid mucociliary clearance before infection. Understanding the balance between receptor binding and destruction with host receptors is essential for efficient infection, especially when establishing in a new host species. The mucus layer is identified as a major determinant and barrier for zoonotic transfer due to its species-specific glycosylation patterns and dynamic interaction with respiratory viruses.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Josanne H. Verhagen, Per Eriksson, Lonneke Leijten, Ola Blixt, Bjorn Olsen, Jonas Waldenstrom, Patrik Ellstrom, Thijs Kuiken
Summary: This study shows that Mallards play a significant role in the ecology and epidemiology of IAV, with abundant attachment to the colon and a preference for fucosylated glycan structures. Further understanding of virus tissue attachment and receptor binding is crucial for comprehending IAV host range and epidemiology.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ruipeng Lei, Andrea Hernandez Garcia, Timothy J. C. Tan, Qi Wen Teo, Yiquan Wang, Xiwen Zhang, Shitong Luo, Satish K. Nair, Jian Peng, Nicholas C. Wu
Summary: Influenza neuraminidase (NA) has different levels of tolerance to mutations, with antigenic regions showing high mutational tolerance and solvent-exposed regions showing low mutational tolerance. Protein stability is an important factor affecting the fitness of NA mutations. The study's findings on NA's evolutionary potential and biophysical constraints provide insights for NA-based vaccine design.
Article
Immunology
Eun-Ha Kim, Young-ll Kim, Se Mi Kim, Kwang-Min Yu, Mark Anthony B. Casel, Seung-Gyu Jang, Philippe Noriel Q. Pascua, Richard J. Webby, Young Ki Choi
Summary: This study highlights the ability of wild migratory birds to carry various low-pathogenic avian influenza viruses that can infect land-based poultry and mammalian hosts while causing minimal signs of clinical disease. These viruses pose a significant threat to human health, emphasizing the need for continued surveillance.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yanna Guo, Pingyun Ding, Yinjing Li, Yaping Zhang, Yiqing Zheng, Mengqi Yu, Yasuo Suzuki, Haitao Zhang, Jihui Ping
Summary: This study systematically investigated three strains of H10N3 avian influenza virus isolated from live poultry markets and found that these viruses were highly pathogenic to mice, replicated efficiently in mouse nasal turbinate and lungs as well as in A549 cells and chicken embryos, and possessed key molecular markers associated with mammalian adaptation.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kevin Ciminski, Geoffrey P. Chase, Martin Beer, Martin Schwemmle
Summary: Emergent IAV strains from animal hosts typically have poor adaptation to humans and cannot establish sustained transmission. Despite frequent exposure to endemic IAV in animal populations, the number of pandemics in humans remains surprisingly low.
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Virology
Miriam R. Heindl, Eva Boettcher-Friebertshaeuser
Summary: The role of viral glycoprotein cleavage, as well as the differences in protease repertoire between host species, have implications for evaluating the zoonotic potential and risk posed by influenza-A viruses and coronaviruses. Recent studies have shown that proteolytic activation can be a critical barrier for bat-derived coronaviruses infecting human cells. This review summarizes current knowledge on the emergence of a multibasic cleavage site in glycoproteins and discusses the role of transmembrane serine protease 2 and neuropilin-1 in virus activation and entry in different hosts.
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Auladell, Hoang Vu Mai Phuong, Le Thi Quynh Mai, Yeu-Yang Tseng, Louise Carolan, Sam Wilks, Pham Quang Thai, David Price, Nguyen Thanh Duong, Nguyen Le Khang Hang, Le Thi Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hong Thuong, Tran Thi Kieu Huong, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Diep, Vu Thi Ngoc Bich, Arseniy Khvorov, Luca Hensen, Tran Nhu Duong, Katherine Kedzierska, Dang Duc Anh, Heiman Wertheim, Scott D. Boyd, Kim L. Good-Jacobson, Derek Smith, Ian Barr, Sheena Sullivan, H. Rogier van Doorn, Annette Fox
Summary: Recent prior influenza A infection enhances antibody responses to subsequent influenza vaccination and broadens the reactivity to different strains. Immunological memory induced by prior infection plays an important role in vaccine responses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guha Asthagiri Arunkumar, Disha Bhavsar, Tiehai Li, Shirin Strohmeier, Veronika Chromikova, Fatima Amanat, Mehman Bunyatov, Patrick C. Wilson, Ali H. Ellebedy, Geert-Jan Boons, Viviana Simon, Robert P. de Vries, Florian Krammer
Summary: The recently discovered Wuhan spiny eel influenza virus (WSEIV) is more closely related to influenza B viruses than influenza A viruses, indicating a potentially new type of influenza virus; The NA-like protein of WSEIV has sialidase activity, while the HA-like protein binds specific sialic acid; Additionally, the HA and NA of WSEIV show limited antigenic conservation compared to influenza B virus, B/Malaysia/2506/2004.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Corey Momont, Ha V. V. Dang, Fabrizia Zatta, Kevin Hauser, Caihong Wang, Julia di Iulio, Andrea Minola, Nadine Czudnochowski, Anna De Marco, Kaitlin Branch, David Donermeyer, Siddhant Vyas, Alex Chen, Elena Ferri, Barbara Guarino, Abigail E. Powell, Roberto Spreafico, Samantha S. Yim, Dale R. Balce, Istvan Bartha, Marcel Meury, Tristan I. Croll, David M. Belnap, Michael A. Schmid, William Timothy Schaiff, Jessica L. Miller, Elisabetta Cameroni, Amalio Telenti, Herbert W. Virgin, Laura E. Rosen, Lisa A. Purcell, Antonio Lanzavecchia, Gyorgy Snell, Davide Corti, Matteo Samuele Pizzuto
Summary: The study describes a monoclonal antibody, FNI9, targeting neuraminidase, which can effectively inhibit the enzymatic activity of all group 1 and group 2 influenza A viruses, as well as certain influenza B viruses. FNI9 also shows broad neutralizing activity against seasonal influenza viruses and can synergize with antibodies targeting the hemagglutinin stem. The potent prophylactic activity of FNI9 against lethal influenza A and B virus infections in mice supports its development for the prevention of influenza illness.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rachel J. Oidtman, Philip Arevalo, Qifang Bi, Lauren McGough, Christopher Joel Russo, Diana Vera Cruz, Marcos Costa Vieira, Katelyn M. Gostic
Summary: Immune imprinting refers to the strongest immune protection gained by individuals against influenza strains encountered earliest in life. Differences in early infection history can explain susceptibility differences associated with birth year. Understanding the impact of cohort effects on strain fitness requires a clear conceptual model linking host susceptibility to past infections.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yanan Yu, Meihua Wu, Xinxin Cui, Fengxiang Xu, Feng Wen, Liangqi Pan, Shuo Li, Huapeng Sun, Xuhui Zhu, Jiate Lin, Yaling Feng, Mingliang Li, Yang Liu, Shaohua Yuan, Ming Liao, Hailiang Sun
Summary: The study revealed that H3N2 swine influenza viruses circulating in pigs in Guangdong province carried six internal genes from the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus, with antigenicity different from current human H3N2 influenza viruses or recommended vaccine strains. These swH3N2 viruses have zoonotic potential and further surveillance and monitoring of their pathogenicity are urgently needed.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jiqing Li, Guohua Deng, Jianzhong Shi, Yaping Zhang, Xianying Zeng, Guobin Tian, Yongping Jiang, Liling Liu, Huihui Kong, Hualan Chen
Summary: H3N2 avian influenza viruses in poultry farms in China have complex gene constellations derived from different sources, but none have become dominant. Although these viruses have avian-type receptor-binding preference, most of them can replicate without preadaptation and cause weight loss in mice. This study highlights the potential threat of H3N2 AIVs to public health and emphasizes the need for continued surveillance in live poultry markets and poultry farms.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Naiqing Xu, Xinen Tang, Xin Wang, Miao Cai, Xiaowen Liu, Xiaolong Lu, Shunlin Hu, Min Gu, Jiao Hu, Ruyi Gao, Kaituo Liu, Yu Chen, Xiufan Liu, Xiaoquan Wang
Summary: This study found that the H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus has a high airborne transmissibility, while the H7N9 virus does not. The Hemagglutinin protein of the H9N2 virus was found to play a key role in replication, stability, and airborne transmission.
Article
Virology
Samar S. Ewies, Sabry M. Tamam, Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim, Sherin R. Rouby
Summary: Contagious ecthyma (CE) is a highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats worldwide. The study provided a clinical description of CE and screened for genetic variation in the B2L gene. Infected sheep exhibited anorexia and oral lesions, while inoculated chicken embryos showed pock lesions. The B2L gene was successfully amplified and found to be highly conserved.
Article
Virology
Yigal Farnoushi, Dan Heller, Avishai Lublin
Summary: In recent years, new variants of avian reovirus (ARV) have caused a variety of symptoms in chickens worldwide, including viral arthritis/tenosynovitis. This study analyzed emerging ARV variants in Israel and found significant genetic diversity. Most ARV isolates in Israel belonged to genotypic cluster 5 (GC5). The study suggests that Israel has not experienced the emergence of new ARV variants since the introduction of the live vaccine (ISR-7585), but ongoing monitoring is needed due to the continuous emergence of ARV variants.
Article
Virology
Shigeru Tajima, Michiyo Kataoka, Yuki Takamatsu, Hideki Ebihara, Chang-Kweng Lim
Summary: Yokose virus (YOKV), a bat-associated flavivirus, was found to replicate at a slower rate in mosquito cells compared to other mosquito-borne flaviviruses. Specific nucleotide mutations in the virus were identified to enhance its proliferation ability in mosquito cells.
Article
Virology
Alejandra Borjabad, Baojun Dong, Wei Chao, David J. Volsky, Mary Jane Potash
Summary: This study investigated HIV brain disease using a mouse model, and found that poly I:C can reverse associated cognitive impairment and reduce virus burden. The results also revealed transcriptional changes related to neuronal function and innate immune responses.
Article
Virology
Ching-Hung Lin, Feng-Cheng Hsieh, Meilin Wang, Chieh Hsu, Hsuan-Wei Hsu, Chun-Chun Yang, Cheng-Yao Yang, Hung-Yi Wu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the synthesis of coronavirus subgenomic mRNA is not solely determined by the sequence homology between the leader TRS and TRS-B, but also by the disassociation of the coronavirus polymerase from the viral genome. This finding provides a new insight into the transcription mechanism of coronaviruses.
Article
Virology
Nicholas S. Kron, Benjamin W. Neuman, Sathish Kumar, Patricia L. Blackwelder, Dayana Vidal, Delphina Z. Walker-Phelan, Patrick D. I. Gibbs, Lynne A. Fieber, Michael C. Schmale
Summary: Two recent studies documented the genome of a novel virus in marine animals, finding that the virus is widespread in apparently healthy animals but not highly expressed in neurons. The studies also identified viral replication factories and high levels of defective genomes in chronically infected animals.
Article
Virology
Andrew M. Ramey, Laura C. Scott, Christina A. Ahlstrom, Evan J. Buck, Alison R. Williams, Mia Kim Torchetti, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson
Summary: We successfully detected and characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in hunter-harvested wild waterfowl samples from western Alaska. Genomic analysis revealed three independent viral introductions into Alaska. Our findings demonstrate the utility and potential limitations of using molecular processing approaches directly on original swab samples for viral research and monitoring.
Article
Virology
Ting Gong, Dongdong Wu, Yongzhi Feng, Xing Liu, Qi Gao, Xiaoyu Zheng, Zebu Song, Heng Wang, Guihong Zhang, Lang Gong
Summary: This study discovered that quercetin can inhibit PEDV replication both in vivo and in vitro, and alleviate the clinical symptoms and intestinal injury caused by the virus. This provides a new direction for the development of PED antiviral drugs.
Article
Virology
Min Zhu, Hao Zeng, Jianqiao He, Yaohui Zhu, Pingping Wang, Jianing Guo, Jinfan Guo, Huabo Zhou, Yifeng Qin, Kang Ouyang, Zuzhang Wei, Weijian Huang, Ying Chen
Summary: The reassortment between avian H9N2 and Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 viruses may have potentially changed from avian-to-mammals adaptation. This study found that the introduction of EA H1N1 internal genes into H9N2 virus restored the replication capability and resulted in extreme virulence in some cases. This raises new concerns for public health due to the possible coexistence of H9N2 and EA H1N1 viruses in dogs.