Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Umaporn Limothai, Sasipha Tachaboon, Janejira Dinhuzen, Taweewun Hunsawong, Prapapun Ong-ajchaowlerd, Butsaya Thaisomboonsuk, Stefan Fernandez, Supachoke Trongkamolchai, Mananya Wanpaisitkul, Chatchai Chulapornsiri, Anongrat Tiawilai, Thawat Tiawilai, Terapong Tantawichien, Usa Thisyakorn, Nattachai Srisawat
Summary: This study conducted a serosurvey on 115 healthy individuals aged 10-22 in Ratchaburi province, Thailand, finding that nearly 80% of adolescents and youth had been exposed to one or more dengue virus serotypes. The dengue IgG rapid diagnostic test exhibited low sensitivity and may not be suitable for pre-vaccination screening. These results support the use of IgG ELISA test for dengue vaccination in endemic areas.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cong Sun, Yin-Feng Kang, Yuan-Tao Liu, Xiang-Wei Kong, Hui-Qin Xu, Dan Xiong, Chu Xie, Yi-Hao Liu, Sui Peng, Guo-Kai Feng, Zheng Liu, Mu-Sheng Zeng
Summary: The study demonstrates that the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has extraordinary potency in immune escape compared to other variants of concern, posing challenges for current antibody therapies and vaccines. Computational interface analysis is shown to be effective in identifying concerning variants early on, providing preliminary guidance for neutralizing antibody therapy.
SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Puneet Rawat, Divya Sharma, R. Prabakaran, Fathima Ridha, Mugdha Mohkhedkar, Vani Janakiraman, M. Michael Gromiha
Summary: Ab-CoV is a database containing manually curated experimental interaction profiles of 1780 coronavirus-related neutralizing antibodies. It provides comprehensive data including IC50, EC50, and K-D, as well as predicted changes in stability and affinity of point mutations of interface residues.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fatima Amanat, Shirin Strohmeier, Philip Meade, Nicholas Dambrauskas, Barbara Muehlemann, Derek J. Smith, Vladimir Vigdorovich, D. Noah Sather, Lynda Coughlan, Florian Krammer
Summary: The study demonstrates that recombinant protein spike antigens from different viral variants provide protection against wild-type SARS-CoV-2 in a mouse model, inducing high cross-neutralizing antibody responses. Despite a moderate decline in neutralizing titers between different variants, they still retain neutralizing capability.
Article
Immunology
Aurelien Sokal, Giovanna Barba-Spaeth, Ignacio Fernandez, Matteo Broketa, Imane Azzaoui, Andrea de La Selle, Alexis Vandenberghe, Slim Fourati, Anais Roeser, Annalisa Meola, Magali Bouvier-Alias, Etienne Crickx, Laetitia Languille, Marc Michel, Bertrand Godeau, Sebastien Gallien, Giovanna Melica, Yann Nguyen, Virginie Zarrouk, Florence Canoui-Poitrine, France Pirenne, Jerome Megret, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, Simon Fillatreau, Pierre Bruhns, Felix A. Rey, Jean-Claude Weill, Claude-Agnes Reynaud, Pascal Chappert, Matthieu Mahevas
Summary: This study examined the MBC responses in recovered and naive individuals after mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, finding that the MBC pool in recovered individuals expanded selectively, matured further, and had potent neutralizers against VOCs. Naive individuals displayed weaker neutralizing serum responses, but a significant portion of their RBD-specific MBCs showed high affinity to multiple VOCs, suggesting potential efficient response to VOCs in naive vaccinees.
Article
Cell Biology
Yu Liang, Jing Zhang, Run Yu Yuan, Mei Yu Wang, Peng He, Ji Guo Su, Zi Bo Han, Yu Qin Jin, Jun Wei Hou, Hao Zhang, Xue Feng Zhang, Shuai Shao, Ya Nan Hou, Zhao Ming Liu, Li Fang Du, Fu Jie Shen, Wei Min Zhou, Ke Xu, Ru Qin Gao, Fang Tang, Ze Hua Lei, Shuo Liu, Wei Zhen, Jin Juan Wu, Xiang Zheng, Ning Liu, Shi Chen, Zhi Jing Ma, Fan Zheng, Si Yu Ren, Zhong Yu Hu, Wei Jin Huang, Gui Zhen Wu, Chang Wen Ke, Qi Ming Li
Summary: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants underscores the importance of developing vaccines with broad protection. In this study, a mutation-integrated trimeric form of spike receptor-binding domain (mutI-tri-RBD) was developed as a broadly protective vaccine candidate. The vaccine showed high neutralizing antibody activity against the Delta and Beta variants, as well as the prototype strain, and demonstrated potent protection in hACE2-transgenic mice challenged with live virus.
Article
Biology
Xixi Zhang, Zimu Li, Yanjun Zhang, Yutong Liu, Jingjing Wang, Banghui Liu, Qiuluan Chen, Qian Wang, Lutang Fu, Peiyi Wang, Xiaolin Zhong, Liang Jin, Qihong Yan, Ling Chen, Jun He, Jincun Zhao, Xiaoli Xiong
Summary: This study explores the structural dynamics of SARS-CoV-1 spike protein (S) and identifies rare locked conformations using cryo-EM. Through the introduction of disulfide bonds, the researchers were able to observe a variety of locked conformations and gain insights into their structural features and associated cofactors.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liyun Jiang, Yuan Liu, Wenzhe Su, Wenhui Liu, Zhiqiang Dong, Yuxiang Long, Lei Luo, Qinlong Jing, Yimin Cao, Xinwei Wu, Biao Di
Summary: This study investigated and analyzed the demographic information of dengue cases and the genomic characteristics of dengue viruses in Guangzhou from 2010 to 2019. The results showed no statistical difference in the risk of dengue infection between males and females, and unlike other areas, the infection risk in Guangzhou increased with age. Four serotypes of dengue virus were identified, with different serotypes undergoing genotype and sublineage shifts. The study suggests that dengue in Guangzhou has not reached endemic levels and genotypic shifts may have caused dengue epidemics.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rosana Wing-Shan Poon, Lu Lu, Carol Ho-Yan Fong, Tak-Chuen Ip, Lin-Lei Chen, Ricky Rui-Qi Zhang, Cyril Chik-Yan Yip, Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng, Kwok-Hung Chan, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Kelvin Kai-Wang To
Summary: This study found that current commercially available antibody assays may not accurately predict the level of neutralizing antibodies against the variants. Therefore, a new generation of antibody tests specific for variants are needed.
Article
Virology
Rong Wang, Jiansheng Lu, Lei Chen, Yunzhou Yu, Zhixin Yang
Summary: In this study, a bispecific antibody LUZ-8F2?6B1 was engineered to display potent neutralization activity against four serotypes of DENV, providing protection in a mouse model. Additionally, deletion of nine amino acids in the Fc region abolished antibody-dependent enhancement at lower doses, making LUZ-8F2?6B1 a promising, safe, and effective agent for prophylaxis and treatment of DENV infection.
Review
Immunology
Qian Qin, Hao Liu, Wenbo He, Yucheng Guo, Jiaxin Zhang, Junjun She, Fang Zheng, Sicai Zhang, Serge Muyldermans, Yurong Wen
Summary: Increasing antibiotic resistance poses a serious threat to human health. Nanobodies, a new type of antibodies with small size, high stability, and strong antigen-binding affinity, have emerged as a desirable alternative to conventional antibodies and have shown progress in the diagnosis and neutralization of bacterial infections.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karnpob Kanhasut, Kannan Tharakaraman, Mathuros Ruchirawat, Jutamaad Satayavivad, Mayuree Fuangthong, Ram Sasisekharan
Summary: In this study, we used molecular docking and alanine scanning to predict the interaction model of FGF23-Burosumab and engineered an affinity enhanced variant of the antibody. Our findings provide insights into the mechanism of FGF23-Burosumab interaction and demonstrate the potential of this approach for optimizing therapeutic antibodies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dami A. Collier, Anna De Marco, Isabella A. T. M. Ferreira, Bo Meng, Rawlings P. Datir, Alexandra C. Walls, Steven A. Kemp, Jessica Bassi, Dora Pinto, Chiara Silacci-Fregni, Siro Bianchi, M. Alejandra Tortorici, John Bowen, Katja Culap, Stefano Jaconi, Elisabetta Cameroni, Gyorgy Snell, Matteo S. Pizzuto, Alessandra Franzetti Pellanda, Christian Garzoni, Agostino Riva, Anne Elmer, Nathalie Kingston, Barbara Graves, Laura E. Mccoy, Kenneth G. C. Smith, John R. Bradley, Nigel Temperton, Lourdes Ceron-Gutierrez, Gabriela Barcenas-Morales, William Harvey, Herbert W. Virgin, Antonio Lanzavecchia, Luca Piccoli, Rainer Doffinger, Mark Wills, David Veesler, Davide Corti, Ravindra K. Gupta
Summary: The B.1.1.7 variant of SARS-CoV-2 exhibited reduced neutralization by vaccines and antibodies from recovered COVID-19 patients, with a more substantial loss seen when introducing the E484K mutation. This mutation poses a threat to the efficacy of the BNT162b2 vaccine.
Article
Virology
Jennifer L. Remmel, Julia C. Frei, Savannah E. Butler, Jonathan R. Lai, Margaret E. Ackerman
Summary: The study found that bivalent IgG forms of EDE antibodies neutralize the Dengue virus more effectively than their monovalent Fabs counterparts. Additionally, different EDE antibodies may employ diverse neutralization mechanisms, despite sharing the same epitope.
Article
Virology
Hyung J. J. Kwon, Jun Zhang, Matina Kosikova, Weichun Tang, Uriel Ortega-Rodriguez, Hanqin Peng, Clement A. A. Meseda, Cyntia L. L. Pedro, Falko Schmeisser, Jianming Lu, Insung Kang, Bin Zhou, Charles T. T. Davis, David E. E. Wentworth, Wilbur H. H. Chen, Mallory C. C. Shriver, Robin S. S. Barnes, Marcela F. F. Pasetti, Jerry P. P. Weir, Bing Chen, Hang Xie
Summary: Researchers produced a set of mouse monoclonal antibodies targeting the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD). Two antibodies, 17A7 and 17B10, showed high potency in inhibiting viral infection and protecting mice from lethal infections. Another antibody, 3A6, demonstrated strong neutralizing effects against Delta and Omicron BA.1 variants. These findings are valuable for antibody/vaccine design and for studying SARS-CoV-2 variants and immune responses.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
George Turabelidze, Betty C. Faulconer, Steven J. Lawrence, Amy Pierce, Brittany K. Smith, Daved H. Fremont
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Olivier Hermine, Xavier Mariette, Pierre-Louis Tharaux, Matthieu Resche-Rigon, Raphael Porcher, Philippe Ravaud
Summary: In this clinical trial of COVID-19 patients with pneumonia requiring oxygen support but not in the ICU, tocilizumab did not reduce WHO-CPS scores below 5 by day 4 but may have reduced the risk of needing noninvasive ventilation, mechanical ventilation, or death by day 14. There was no difference in mortality by day 28. Further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jagat Adhikari, Haiyan Zhao, Estefania Fernandez, Yining Huang, Michael S. Diannond, Daved H. Frennont, Michael L. Gross
Summary: This study identified epitopes for six monoclonal antibodies that bind to domain III of ZIKV envelope protein, some of which have therapeutic potential. The use of HDX-MS as a rapid and valid approach for epitope mapping was demonstrated. The results have implications for the design of vaccine and antibody therapeutics against ZIKV.
JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jenna J. Guthmiller, Olivia Stovicek, Jiaolong Wang, Siriruk Changrob, Lei Li, Peter Halfmann, Nai-Ying Zheng, Henry Utset, Christopher T. Stamper, Haley L. Dugan, William D. Miller, Min Huang, Ya-Nan Dai, Christopher A. Nelson, Paige D. Hall, Maud Jansen, Kumaran Shanmugarajah, Jessica S. Donington, Florian Krammer, Daved H. Fremont, Andrzej Joachimiak, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, Vera Tesic, Maria Lucia Madariaga, Patrick C. Wilson
Summary: The study reveals that individuals with more severe SARS-CoV-2 infection have a stronger overall antibody response to the spike and nucleocapsid proteins, and a larger memory B cell response against the spike. Additionally, these individuals develop antibodies that cross-react with other viral antigens, suggesting potential protection against reinfection.
Article
Cell Biology
Julianna Han, Aaron J. Schmitz, Sara T. Richey, Ya-Nan Dai, Hannah L. Turner, Bassem M. Mohammed, Daved H. Fremont, Ali H. Ellebedy, Andrew B. Ward
Summary: This study extensively characterized the pAb response to HA after H5N1 immunization in humans using EM polyclonal epitope mapping (EMPEM). It found that cross-reactive pAbs originating from memory B cells persisted for over a year, while de novo pAb responses to multiple sites on the head of HA expanded after the second immunization but waned quickly.
Article
Virology
Alex W. Wessel, Kimberly A. Dowd, Scott B. Biering, Ping Zhang, Melissa A. Edeling, Christopher A. Nelson, Kristen E. Funk, Christina R. DeMaso, Robyn S. Klein, Janet L. Smith, Thu Minh Cao, Richard J. Kuhn, Daved H. Fremont, Eva Harris, Theodore C. Pierson, Michael S. Diamond
Summary: This study compared the roles of Flavivirus NS1 proteins in the pathogenesis of Dengue virus (DENV) and West Nile virus (WNV), and found that a specific P101K mutation in WNV NS1 led to reduced infectivity in the brain and lethality in mice. The study suggests that levels of NS1 in the circulation facilitate WNV dissemination to the brain and impact disease outcomes.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rita E. Chen, Emma S. Winkler, James Brett Case, Ishmael D. Aziati, Traci L. Bricker, Astha Joshi, Tamarand L. Darling, Baoling Ying, John M. Errico, Swathi Shrihari, Laura A. VanBlargan, Xuping Xie, Pavlo Gilchuk, Seth J. Zost, Lindsay Droit, Zhuoming Liu, Spencer Stumpf, David Wang, Scott A. Handley, W. Blaine Jr Jr Stine, Pei-Yong Shi, Meredith E. Davis-Gardner, Mehul S. Suthar, Miguel Garcia Knight, Raul Andino, Charles Y. Chiu, Ali H. Ellebedy, Daved H. Fremont, Sean P. J. Whelan, James E. Jr Jr Crowe, Lisa Purcell, Davide Corti, Adrianus C. M. Boon, Michael S. Diamond
Summary: Cell culture experiments showed reduced or abrogated neutralizing activity of monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variant strains, but low prophylactic doses of antibody combinations protected against infection in vivo without resistance emergence. Higher doses of several monoclonal antibody cocktails also provided protection against viruses with a B.1.351 spike gene in vivo. Many antibody products with Emergency Use Authorization should therefore retain substantial efficacy against prevailing variant strains of SARS-CoV-2.
Article
Cell Biology
Ahmed O. Hassan, Swathi Shrihari, Matthew J. Gorman, Baoling Ying, Dansu Yaun, Saravanan Raju, Rita E. Chen, Igor P. Dmitriev, Elena Kashentseva, Lucas J. Adams, Colin Mann, Meredith E. Davis-Gardner, Mehul S. Suthar, Pei-Yong Shi, Erica Ollmann Saphire, Daved H. Fremont, David T. Curiel, Galit Alter, Michael S. Diamond
Summary: Intranasal immunization with ChAd-SARS-CoV-2-S in mice induces durable neutralizing and Fc effector antibody responses, providing protection against historical and emerging SARS-CoV-2 strains.
Article
Microbiology
Brittany K. Smith, Andrew B. Janowski, Arim C. Fremont, Lucas J. Adams, Ya-Nan Dai, Christopher W. Farnsworth, Ann M. Gronowski, Stephen M. Roper, David Wang, Daved H. Fremont
Summary: This study analyzed the seropositivity of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in individuals from St. Louis metropolitan area in Missouri during three periods from July 2020 to January 2021. By January 2021, 20.68% of tested individuals had antibodies, showing the progression of the pandemic and the infection rate before mass vaccination began.
Article
Microbiology
Rita E. Chen, Brittany K. Smith, John M. Errico, David N. Gordon, Emma S. Winkler, Laura A. VanBlargan, Chandni Desai, Scott A. Handley, Kimberly A. Dowd, Emerito Amaro-Carambot, M. Jane Cardosa, Carlos A. Sariol, Esper G. Kallas, Rafick-Pierre Sekaly, Nikos Vasilakis, Daved H. Fremont, Stephen S. Whitehead, Theodore C. Pierson, Michael S. Diamond
Summary: The relationship between divergent dengue virus strains, such as DKE-121, and the canonical serotypes DENV-4 is complex and not fully understood. Antigenic cartography suggests that DENV-4 and DKE-121 are related but antigenically distinct. However, DENV-4 vaccination confers protection against DKE-121 in nonhuman primates, and serum from humans immunized with a tetravalent vaccine neutralize both DENV-4 and DKE-121 infection equivalently. Further monitoring of the impact of divergent DENV strains on dengue disease and vaccine efficacy is warranted.
CELL HOST & MICROBE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura A. VanBlargan, John M. Errico, Peter J. Halfmann, Seth J. Zost, James E. Crowe, Lisa A. Purcell, Yoshihiro Kawaoka, Davide Corti, Daved H. Fremont, Michael S. Diamond
Summary: The emergence of the B.1.1.529 Omicron variant raises concerns about the efficacy of antibody countermeasures. This study shows that some of the antibodies currently in clinical use may lose their ability to neutralize the Omicron variant.
Article
Microbiology
Gayan Bamunuarachchi, Houda Harastani, Paul W. Rothlauf, Ya-nan Dai, Ellebedy Ali, Daved Fremont, Sean P. J. Whelan, David Wang, Adrianus C. M. Boon
Summary: Bourbon virus (BRBV) was first discovered in 2014 and has been detected in ticks in Missouri and Kansas. Despite the high prevalence in ticks, the true infection burden of BRBV in the community is unknown.
Article
Hematology
Ashlee M. Webber, Tara R. Bradstreet, Xiaoli Wang, Hongjie Guo, Christopher A. Nelson, Daved H. Fremont, Brian T. Edelson, Chang Liu
Summary: HLA-Fc is a novel strategy for antigen-specific humoral suppression to improve transfusion and transplantation outcomes.
Article
Cell Biology
Saravanan Raju, Lucas J. Adams, James T. Earnest, Kelly Warfield, Lo Vang, James E. Crowe Jr, Daved H. Fremont, Michael S. Diamond
Summary: By analyzing samples from a phase 2 clinical trial, researchers found that the PXVX0317 vaccine induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies and circulating antigen-specific B cells against chikungunya virus. Monoclonal antibodies generated from peripheral blood B cells of vaccinated individuals demonstrated potent neutralization of CHIKV and related arthritogenic alphaviruses. These findings highlight the inhibitory breadth and activity of the B cell response induced by the PXVX0317 vaccine against CHIKV and potentially other related alphaviruses.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jaeu Yi, Aidan T. Miller, Angela S. Archambault, Andrew J. Jones, Tara R. Bradstreet, Sravanthi Bandla, Yu -Sung Hsu, Brian T. Edelson, You W. Zhou, Daved H. Fremont, Takeshi Egawa, Nathan Singh, Gregory F. Wu, Chyi-Song Hsieh
Summary: Both high- and low-affinity CD4+ T cells play a role in autoimmunity, but their specific contributions to disease are not well understood. Using pMHCII-CAR T cells to target different affinity T cells, it was found that high-affinity cells are necessary for initiating neuroinflammatory injury, while low-affinity cells are sufficient to maintain ongoing disease.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Naiqing Xu, Xinen Tang, Xin Wang, Miao Cai, Xiaowen Liu, Xiaolong Lu, Shunlin Hu, Min Gu, Jiao Hu, Ruyi Gao, Kaituo Liu, Yu Chen, Xiufan Liu, Xiaoquan Wang
Summary: This study found that the H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus has a high airborne transmissibility, while the H7N9 virus does not. The Hemagglutinin protein of the H9N2 virus was found to play a key role in replication, stability, and airborne transmission.
Article
Virology
Samar S. Ewies, Sabry M. Tamam, Ahmed S. Abdel-Moneim, Sherin R. Rouby
Summary: Contagious ecthyma (CE) is a highly contagious viral disease of sheep and goats worldwide. The study provided a clinical description of CE and screened for genetic variation in the B2L gene. Infected sheep exhibited anorexia and oral lesions, while inoculated chicken embryos showed pock lesions. The B2L gene was successfully amplified and found to be highly conserved.
Article
Virology
Yigal Farnoushi, Dan Heller, Avishai Lublin
Summary: In recent years, new variants of avian reovirus (ARV) have caused a variety of symptoms in chickens worldwide, including viral arthritis/tenosynovitis. This study analyzed emerging ARV variants in Israel and found significant genetic diversity. Most ARV isolates in Israel belonged to genotypic cluster 5 (GC5). The study suggests that Israel has not experienced the emergence of new ARV variants since the introduction of the live vaccine (ISR-7585), but ongoing monitoring is needed due to the continuous emergence of ARV variants.
Article
Virology
Shigeru Tajima, Michiyo Kataoka, Yuki Takamatsu, Hideki Ebihara, Chang-Kweng Lim
Summary: Yokose virus (YOKV), a bat-associated flavivirus, was found to replicate at a slower rate in mosquito cells compared to other mosquito-borne flaviviruses. Specific nucleotide mutations in the virus were identified to enhance its proliferation ability in mosquito cells.
Article
Virology
Alejandra Borjabad, Baojun Dong, Wei Chao, David J. Volsky, Mary Jane Potash
Summary: This study investigated HIV brain disease using a mouse model, and found that poly I:C can reverse associated cognitive impairment and reduce virus burden. The results also revealed transcriptional changes related to neuronal function and innate immune responses.
Article
Virology
Ching-Hung Lin, Feng-Cheng Hsieh, Meilin Wang, Chieh Hsu, Hsuan-Wei Hsu, Chun-Chun Yang, Cheng-Yao Yang, Hung-Yi Wu
Summary: This study demonstrates that the synthesis of coronavirus subgenomic mRNA is not solely determined by the sequence homology between the leader TRS and TRS-B, but also by the disassociation of the coronavirus polymerase from the viral genome. This finding provides a new insight into the transcription mechanism of coronaviruses.
Article
Virology
Nicholas S. Kron, Benjamin W. Neuman, Sathish Kumar, Patricia L. Blackwelder, Dayana Vidal, Delphina Z. Walker-Phelan, Patrick D. I. Gibbs, Lynne A. Fieber, Michael C. Schmale
Summary: Two recent studies documented the genome of a novel virus in marine animals, finding that the virus is widespread in apparently healthy animals but not highly expressed in neurons. The studies also identified viral replication factories and high levels of defective genomes in chronically infected animals.
Article
Virology
Andrew M. Ramey, Laura C. Scott, Christina A. Ahlstrom, Evan J. Buck, Alison R. Williams, Mia Kim Torchetti, David E. Stallknecht, Rebecca L. Poulson
Summary: We successfully detected and characterized highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in hunter-harvested wild waterfowl samples from western Alaska. Genomic analysis revealed three independent viral introductions into Alaska. Our findings demonstrate the utility and potential limitations of using molecular processing approaches directly on original swab samples for viral research and monitoring.
Article
Virology
Ting Gong, Dongdong Wu, Yongzhi Feng, Xing Liu, Qi Gao, Xiaoyu Zheng, Zebu Song, Heng Wang, Guihong Zhang, Lang Gong
Summary: This study discovered that quercetin can inhibit PEDV replication both in vivo and in vitro, and alleviate the clinical symptoms and intestinal injury caused by the virus. This provides a new direction for the development of PED antiviral drugs.
Article
Virology
Min Zhu, Hao Zeng, Jianqiao He, Yaohui Zhu, Pingping Wang, Jianing Guo, Jinfan Guo, Huabo Zhou, Yifeng Qin, Kang Ouyang, Zuzhang Wei, Weijian Huang, Ying Chen
Summary: The reassortment between avian H9N2 and Eurasian avian-like (EA) H1N1 viruses may have potentially changed from avian-to-mammals adaptation. This study found that the introduction of EA H1N1 internal genes into H9N2 virus restored the replication capability and resulted in extreme virulence in some cases. This raises new concerns for public health due to the possible coexistence of H9N2 and EA H1N1 viruses in dogs.