Review
Neurosciences
Meiling Bai, Ruize Sun, Bin Cao, Juan Feng, Jue Wang
Summary: Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide and the most common cause of disability in Western countries. Inflammation plays a vital role in the development and progression of ischemic stroke, and peripheral blood immune cells, particularly monocytes, are involved in the immune cascade after stroke.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stephanie Tomasi, Lei Li, Ludwig Christian Hinske, Roland Tomasi, Martina Amini, Gabriele Strauss, Martin Bernhard Mueller, Simon Hirschberger, Sven Peterss, David Effinger, Kristin Pogoda, Simone Kreth, Max Huebner
Summary: During acute inflammation, the regulatory network driven by miR-125a affects monocyte adhesion and chemotaxis by directly targeting adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors. The levels of miR-125a are influenced by the type of inflammatory stimulus, which in turn strongly impacts the phenotype of human monocytes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ariane Schumski, Almudena Ortega-Gomez, Kanin Wichapong, Carla Winter, Patricia Lemnitzer, Joana R. Viola, Mayra Pinilla-Vera, Eduardo Folco, Victor Solis-Mezarino, Moritz Volker-Albert, Sanne L. Maas, Chang Pan, Laura Perez Olivares, Janine Winter, Tilman Hackeng, Mikael C. Karlsson, Tanja Zeller, Axel Imhof, Rebecca M. Baron, Gerry A. F. Nicolaes, Peter Libby, Lars Maegdefessel, Frits Kamp, Martin Benoit, Yvonne Doring, Oliver Soehnlein
Summary: Acute infection increases the risk of cardiovascular complications, with lipopolysaccharide playing a role in accelerating vascular inflammation through the activation of circulating immune cells. Histone H2a associated with NETs is shown to mediate charge-dependent monocyte adhesion and accelerate atherosclerosis during endotoxinemia.
Article
Rheumatology
Meredyth G. Ll Wilkinson, Dale Moulding, Thomas C. R. McDonnell, Michael Orford, Chris Wincup, Joanna Y. J. Ting, Georg W. Otto, Restuadi Restuadi, Daniel Kelberman, Charalampia Papadopoulou, Sergi Castellano, Simon Eaton, Claire T. Deakin, Elizabeth C. Rosser, Lucy R. Wedderburn
Summary: This study identifies a novel pathway in which altered mitochondrial biology in CD14+ monocytes of Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) patients leads to the production of oxidized mitochondrial DNA (oxmtDNA) and stimulates the expression of interferon (IFN) type 1 signature genes. Targeting this pathway has therapeutic potential in JDM and other IFN type 1-driven autoimmune diseases.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Critical Care Medicine
Guang Fu, Meihong Deng, Matthew D. Neal, Timothy R. Billiar, Melanie J. Scott
Summary: Platelet-monocyte aggregates may be an important prognostic indicator in sepsis, but the mechanisms and effects are still unclear. Despite the unique functions of platelets and monocytes in inflammation and immune responses during sepsis, there is limited research on their combined functions.
Article
Rheumatology
Anthony Rousselle, Janis Sonnemann, Kerstin Amann, Alexander Mildner, Dorte Lodka, Lovis Kling, Markus Bieringer, Udo Schneider, Achim Leutz, Philipp Enghard, Ralph Kettritz, Adrian Schreiber
Summary: This study found that classical monocytes (CMs) are crucial for kidney damage in AAV, while colony-stimulating factor-2 (CSF2) plays a crucial pathological role by modulating monocyte proinflammatory functions and T(H)17 cell polarization.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ronald H. L. Li, Caelin Hommel, Nghi Nguyen
Summary: Thrombin can enhance HMGB1 expression in canine platelets, while LPS-mediated activation in the presence of ADP can upregulate surface expression of HMGB1. Inhibition of TLR4 attenuates LPS-induced HMGB1 expression, suggesting that externalization of HMGB1 may rely on platelet TLR4.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Heng Zhang, Yini Sun, Xin An, Xiaochun Ma
Summary: The study found that UFH improves intestinal microcirculatory perfusion in a septic shock model, independent of changes in systemic hemodynamics. Additionally, UFH increased platelet count and decreased creatinine levels.
MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rui Shi, Jiangang Wang, Zhen Zhang, Yiping Leng, Alex F. Chen
Summary: ASGR1 promotes monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation by up-regulating CD68, F4/80, and CD86. Inhibition of ASGR1 reduces ATF5 expression by suppressing NF-xB and IKBa phosphorylation. Knockdown of ASGR1 inhibits the increase of inflammatory monocytes and alleviates liver injury in sepsis.
Review
Immunology
Juan Liu, Xiaomin Zhang, Yujie Cheng, Xuetao Cao
Summary: Dendritic cells play crucial roles in immune defense and tolerance, but dysregulation of their migration can lead to immune imbalance and diseases. Researchers are exploring new strategies targeting the migration of distinct dendritic cell subsets for the treatment of related diseases.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Simon Ebert, Lan Zang, Noor Ismail, Michael Otabil, Adrian Frohlich, Virginia Egea, Susann Acs, Mikkel Hoeberg, Marie-Luise Berres, Christian Weber, Jose M. A. Moreira, Christian Ries, Juergen Bernhagen, Omar El Bounkari
Summary: TIMP-1 interacts with CD74 to regulate vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. TIMP-1 binding to CD74 promotes monocyte migration and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, playing a crucial role in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sean Patrick Giblin, James Edward Pease
Summary: CXCL17 is a chemotactic cytokine known for its ability to direct leukocyte migration. It is specifically expressed in mucosal tissues and may play specific roles in the tongue, stomach, and lung. Contrary to previous beliefs, recent studies suggest that GPR35 is not its receptor but rather related to the serotonin metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid. Additionally, the structure of CXCL17 differs from typical chemokines. This article summarizes the discovery of CXCL17 and discusses the subsequent characterization of this protein.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stefano Ministrini, Federico Carbone
Summary: There is a clear link between autoimmune disease and cardiovascular risk, but the underlying mechanisms are complex and not well understood. PCSK9 is gaining attention as a potential mediator due to its effects on lipid metabolism and inflammation. However, the role of PCSK9 in autoimmune diseases is uncertain, and clinical findings are conflicting.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Asmussen, Hans-Joerg Busch, Thomas Helbing, Xavier Bemtgen, Christian Smolka, Christoph Bode, Katrin Fink, Sebastian Grundmann
Summary: Systemic inflammation is a major feature of the post-cardiac arrest syndrome, with monocyte subset composition and expression of CD14 and HLA-DR playing important roles. Following cardiac arrest, there is a significant decline in nonclassical monocytes, an upregulation of CD14 expression, and a downregulation of HLA-DR expression, which are correlated with patient outcomes and disease severity. The disturbance of monocyte subset composition and the simultaneous presence of hyperinflammation and monocyte deactivation highlight the complexity of the inflammatory response post-cardiac arrest.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Luisa Agnello, Anna Maria Ciaccio, Matteo Vidali, Andrea Cortegiani, Giuseppe Biundo, Caterina Maria Gambino, Concetta Scazzone, Bruna Lo Sasso, Marcello Ciaccio
Summary: Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, which can be caused by different types of microorganisms. Monocyte distribution width (MDW) has emerged as a promising biomarker for sepsis, especially in acute settings like the emergency department and intensive care unit. This article explores the relationship between MDW and various pathogens causing infection, suggesting that MDW may be considered a biomarker of sepsis independent of the causative pathogen, but further research is needed before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)