4.2 Article

Co-Infection with 'Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis' and Borrelia afzelii in Ixodes ricinus Ticks in Southern Sweden

Journal

VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES
Volume 13, Issue 7, Pages 438-442

Publisher

MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2012.1118

Keywords

Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis; groEL gene; Ixodes ricinus; Borrelia afzelii; southern Sweden

Funding

  1. Swedish research council
  2. Lunds Djurskyddsfond
  3. Royal Physiographic Society in Lund

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The tick-borne bacterium 'Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis' has recently been recognized as a human pathogen in Europe and appears to be the second most common pathogenic bacterium in Ixodes ricinus ticks in central Europe, second to Borrelia afzelii. Here, we investigate the prevalence of 'Candidatus N. mikurensis' in host-seeking ticks in southern Sweden and the rate of co-infection with B. afzelii. We developed a real-time qPCR assay targeting the groEL gene of 'Candidatus N. mikurensis' and applied this assay to 949 I. ricinus ticks collected at several locations over 2 years. We found an overall prevalence of 6.0%, which means that Candidatus N. mikurensis is one of the most common tick-transmitted zoonotic agents in this area. Co-infections with both 'Candidatus N. mikurensis' and B. afzelii occurred in 2.1% of the ticks, which is significantly more than expected under random co-occurrence. The infection intensity (number of bacterial cells) of 'Candidatus N. mikurensis' was not affected by co-infection with B. afzelii, and vice versa. We conclude that there is a risk for simultaneous transmission of these 2 tick-borne pathogens. The potential medical consequences of this require further investigation.

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