Review
Microbiology
Jun-Jie Hou, Xin Wang, Yu-Ming Wang, Bang-Mao Wang
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common functional gastrointestinal disease that is closely associated with abnormal changes in gut microbiota and bile acids (BAs) metabolism. Recent research progress supports the potential of new therapeutic strategies targeting the microbiota-BAs axis for the treatment of IBS-D and other related diseases.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jingze Yang, Peng Wang, Tong Liu, Lin Lin, Lixiang Li, Guanjun Kou, Ruchen Zhou, Pan Li, Yanqing Li
Summary: This study found differences in the microbial composition of the caecum and descending colon in IBS-D patients, with increased numbers of EC cells and higher TPL1 expression levels compared to controls. The Ruminococcus torques group and Dorea appear to be promising targets for future research in treating IBS-D patients.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yan Chen, Fuhao Chu, Jie Lin, Zeqi Su, Mengting Liao, Tao Li, Yuan Li, Nadia Johnson, Haocheng Zheng, Xia Ding
Summary: The study demonstrated that WeiChang'An Pill (WCAP) may alleviate symptoms of diarrhoea and visceral sensitivity in patients with diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) by regulating the cAMP signalling pathway.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Giusi Desire Sciume, Ginevra Berti, Christian Lambiase, Italia Paglianiti, Vincenzo Villanacci, Francesco Rettura, Antonio Grosso, Angelo Ricchiuti, Nicola de Bortoli, Paolo Usai Satta, Gabrio Bassotti, Massimo Bellini
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhea (IBS-D) and functional diarrhea (FD) are disorders of gut-brain interaction that have a significant impact on the patient's quality of life. Bile acid malabsorption (BAM) and microscopic colitis (MC) are often responsible for the lack of response to conventional treatments in these patients. Therefore, considering these factors and finding appropriate treatments should be part of the diagnostic process.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Karolina S. Jabbar, Brendan Dolan, Lisbeth Eklund, Catharina Wising, Anna Ermund, Asa Johansson, Hans Tornblom, Magnus Simren, Gunnar C. Hansson
Summary: The study found potentially pathogenic Brachyspira species in a subset of patients with IBS, with a significantly higher prevalence of Brachyspira colonization in IBS patients compared to healthy volunteers, especially in IBS-D patients. Brachyspira colonization was associated with accelerated oro-anal transit, mild mucosal inflammation, mast cell activation, and alterations of molecular pathways linked to bacterial uptake and ion-fluid homeostasis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Wei Wei, Huifen Wang, Yanli Zhang, Yu Zhang, Bingyu Niu, Shuo Chen, Wenxue Zhang, Shukun Yao
Summary: The expression levels of TGR5 in colonic mucosa were significantly higher in IBS-D patients compared to controls, while VDR levels showed no significant difference. Patients with more severe or frequent abdominal pain had higher levels of TGR5. Primary BAs in feces were increased in IBS-D patients and correlated with the severity of diarrhea. The level of TGR5 was positively associated with primary BAs and negatively associated with secondary BAs in participants providing both mucosal and stool samples.
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Florian Mourey, Amelie Decherf, Jean-Francois Jeanne, Mathieu Clement-Ziza, Marie-Lise Grisoni, Francois Machuron, Sophie Legrain-Raspaud, Arnaud Bourreille, Pierre Desreumaux
Summary: This study confirmed the efficacy of S. cerevisiae I-3856 in managing gastrointestinal symptoms in IBS-C, particularly in alleviating abdominal pain. The relief of abdominal pain was associated with improved quality of life.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Laura Prospero, Giuseppe Riezzo, Michele Linsalata, Antonella Orlando, Benedetta D'Attoma, Marta Di Masi, Manuela Martulli, Francesco Russo
Summary: In IBS-D patients, those with high somatization showed impaired intestinal barrier function, increased zonulin levels, enhanced inflammation response, and a more pronounced imbalance compared to those with low somatization.
BMC GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giuseppe Chiarioni, Stefan Lucian Popa, Abdulrahman Ismaiel, Cristina Pop, Dinu Iuliu Dumitrascu, Vlad Dumitru Brata, Traian Adrian Duse, Victor Incze, Teodora Surdea-Blaga, Jose Antonio Uranga
Summary: This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of herbal remedies in the management of IBS-C. The included studies demonstrate some evidence of the beneficial effects of herbal remedies on IBS-C symptoms. However, the heterogeneity of the interventions and outcome measures limits the ability to perform a meta-analysis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cezary Chojnacki, Marta Medrek-Socha, Aleksandra Blonska, Radoslaw Zajdel, Jan Chojnacki, Tomasz Poplawski
Summary: This study evaluates the effect of a tryptophan-lowering diet on abdominal and mental symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and finds that reducing dietary intake of tryptophan can reduce abdominal discomfort.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Claudia Di Rosa, Annamaria Altomare, Vittoria Terrigno, Florencia Carbone, Jan Tack, Michele Cicala, Michele Pier Luca Guarino
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a chronic gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain and altered bowel habits. The exact cause of IBS is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of factors such as abnormal gut motility, inflammation, increased intestinal permeability, and sensitivity. Diet and gut microbiota have also been identified as important contributors to IBS. This review examines the effects of dietary components, functional foods, prebiotics, probiotics, and symbiotics on symptoms and gut microbiota in individuals with IBS-C.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Emily V. Wechsler, Eric D. Shah
Summary: A review summarized important determinants of choosing IBS treatment, including clinical profiles and cost-effectiveness of prescription drugs; the shared decision-making model helps guide informed discussions for patients to select the appropriate treatment.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christopher J. Martoni, Shalini Srivastava, Anders Damholt, Gregory J. Leyer
Summary: This study found that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) Lpla33 (DSM34428) significantly improved symptoms in patients with IBS-D, reducing abdominal pain and bloating, and restoring normal bowel habits.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jonna Jalanka, Ching Lam, Andrew Bennett, Anna Hartikainen, Fiona Crispie, Laura A. Finnegan, Paul D. Cotter, Robin Spiller
Summary: The study found no substantial inflammation in biopsies from well-characterized IBS-D cohort compared to healthy controls. Higher expression of TLR4 and related receptors was associated with greater urgency in IBS patients. Mesalazine had minimal effect on gene expression and microbiota composition.
JOURNAL OF NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Giovanni Marasco, Cesare Cremon, Maria Raffaella Barbaro, Giulia Cacciari, Francesca Falangone, Anna Kagramanova, Dmitry Bordin, Vasile Drug, Egidia Miftode, Pietro Fusaroli, Salem Youssef Mohamed, Chiara Ricci, Massimo Bellini, Mohammed Masudur Rahman, Luigi Melcarne, Javier Santos, Beatriz Lobo, Serhat Bor, Suna Yapali, Deniz Akyol, Ferdane Pirincci Sapmaz, Yonca Yilmaz Urun, Tugce Eskazan, Altay Celebi, Huseyin Kacmaz, Berat Ebik, Hatice Cilem Binicier, Mehmet Sait Bugdayci, Munkhtsetseg Banzragch Yagci, Husnu Pullukcu, Berrin Yalinbas Kaya, Ali Tureyen, Ibrahim Hatemi, Elif Sitre Koc, Goktug Sirin, Ali Riza Caliskan, Goksel Bengi, Esra Ergun Alis, Snezana Lukic, Meri Trajkovska, Keren Hod, Dan Dumitrascu, Antonello Pietrangelo, Elena Corradini, Magnus Simren, Jessica Sjoelund, Navkiran Tornkvist, Uday C. Ghoshal, Olga Kolokolnikova, Antonio Colecchia, Jordi Serra, Giovanni Maconi, Roberto De Giorgio, Silvio Danese, Piero Portincasa, Antonio Di Sabatino, Marcello Maggio, Elena Philippou, Yeong Yeh Lee, Daniele Salvi, Alessandro Venturi, Claudio Borghi, Marco Zoli, Paolo Gionchetti, Pierluigi Viale, Vincenzo Stanghellini, Giovanni Barbara
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and post-COVID-19 disorders of gut-brain interaction among hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The results showed that patients with COVID-19 had higher rates of gastrointestinal symptoms on hospital admission and lower rates of constipation and hard stools at 12 months post-infection compared to the control group. Additionally, the rate of irritable bowel syndrome was significantly higher in patients with COVID-19 than in controls.
Article
Respiratory System
Christabella Ng, Neele S. Dellschaft, Caroline L. Hoad, Luca Marciani, Lu Ban, Andrew P. Prayle, Helen L. Barr, Anke Jaudszus, Jochen G. Mainz, Robin C. Spiller, Penny Gowland, Giles Major, Alan R. Smyth
Summary: By utilizing MRI, we found that CF patients have longer oro-caecal transit time, higher small bowel water content, and larger corrected colonic volumes. These findings suggest that sub-clinical ileal obstruction may be prevalent in CF patients.
JOURNAL OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Robin C. Spiller, Jonna Jalanka
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Robert A. Scott, Hannah G. Williams, Caroline L. Hoad, Ali Alyami, Catherine A. Ortori, Jane I. Grove, Luca Marciani, Gordon W. Moran, Robin C. Spiller, Alex Menys, Guruprasad P. Aithal, Penny A. Gowland
Summary: The study aimed to characterize changes in the small bowel induced by increased permeability using MRI measures. Results showed that indomethacin provocation significantly increased small bowel T-2 values and correlated positively with the 2-hour lactulose/mannitol urinary excretion ratio.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maura Corsetti, Steven Brown, Giuseppe Chiarioni, Eirini Dimidi, Thomas Dudding, Anton Emmanuel, Mark Fox, Alexander C. Ford, Pasquale Giordano, Ugo Grossi, Michelle Henderson, Charles H. Knowles, P. Ronan O'Connell, Eamonn M. M. Quigley, Magnus Simren, Robin Spiller, Kevin Whelan, William E. Whitehead, Andrew B. Williams, S. Mark Scott
Summary: This article summarizes contemporary perspectives and clinical challenges regarding treatment methods for patients with constipation, including behavioral, conservative, medical, and surgical treatments, and provides a management algorithm to guide clinical practice.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Robin Spiller
Summary: IBS is strongly influenced by diet, but identifying specific food intolerances is difficult due to the complexities of diet. Rapidly fermented carbohydrates and gut-specific mast cell activation may cause symptoms in IBS patients. More research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms of food intolerances and improve personalized medicine approaches to diet in IBS.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Vincent Cibert-Goton, Ching Lam, Melanie Lingaya, Yirga Falcone, John N. Wood, David C. Bulmer, Robin Spiller
Summary: This study compared gut-related symptoms, psychological scores, and biopsy samples in a cohort of IBS-D patients, finding that pain severity correlated with daily symptoms but not psychological scores, suggesting peripheral pronociceptive changes in the bowel may be more important in determining pain severity in this patient population. Nerve targeting therapeutic approaches may be more successful than mediator-driven approaches for treating pain in IBS-D.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jonna Jalanka, Ching Lam, Andrew Bennett, Anna Hartikainen, Fiona Crispie, Laura A. Finnegan, Paul D. Cotter, Robin Spiller
Summary: The study found no substantial inflammation in biopsies from well-characterized IBS-D cohort compared to healthy controls. Higher expression of TLR4 and related receptors was associated with greater urgency in IBS patients. Mesalazine had minimal effect on gene expression and microbiota composition.
JOURNAL OF NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
David Gunn, Zainab Abbas, Hannah C. Harris, Giles Major, Caroline Hoad, Penny Gowland, Luca Marciani, Samantha K. Gill, Fred J. Warren, Megan Rossi, Jose Maria Remes-Troche, Kevin Whelan, Robin C. Spiller
Summary: In this study, it was found that inulin increases colonic gas production, but coadministering psyllium can reduce this increase. Psyllium delayed and reduced the maximum increase of breath hydrogen caused by inulin, indicating its potential to improve the tolerability of prebiotics in patients with IBS.
Article
Cell Biology
Sandra Mohr, Nikola Fritz, Christian Hammer, Cristina Martinez, Sabrina Berens, Stefanie Schmitteckert, Verena Wahl, Malin Schmidt, Lesley A. Houghton, Miriam Goebel-Stengel, Maria Kabisch, Dorothea Gotze, Irina Milovac, Mauro D'Amato, Tenghao Zheng, Ralph Roth, Hubert Monnikes, Felicitas Engel, Annika Gauss, Jonas Tesarz, Martin Raithel, Viola Andresen, Thomas Frieling, Jutta Keller, Christian Pehl, Christoph Stein-Thoringer, Gerard Clarke, Paul J. Kennedy, John F. Cryan, Timothy G. Dinan, Eamonn M. M. Quigley, Robin Spiller, Caroll Beltran, Ana Maria Madrid, Veronica Torres, Edith Perez de Arce, Wolfgang Herzog, Emeran A. Mayer, Gregory Sayuk, Maria Gazouli, George Karamanolis, Lejla Kapur-Pojskic, Mariona Bustamante, Raquel Rabionet, Xavier Estivil, Andre Franke, Wolfgang Lieb, Guy Boeckxstaens, Mira M. Wouters, Magnus Simren, Gudrun A. Rappold, Maria Vicario, Javier Santos, Rainer Schaefert, Justo Lorenzo-Bermejo, Beate Niesler
Summary: This study identified genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), particularly with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C) in females. Validation in patients and controls from eight countries confirmed the association of the tagging SNP rs2020938 with female IBS-C. Further experiments demonstrated the functional relevance of rs2020938 in differential SLC6A4 expression in the jejunum and stool consistency.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hayfa Sharif, Caroline L. Hoad, Nichola Abrehart, Penny A. Gowland, Robin C. Spiller, Sian Kirkham, Sabarinathan Loganathan, Michalis Papadopoulos, Marc A. Benninga, David Devadason, Luca Marciani
Summary: This study measured colonic volumes in children with functional constipation using MRI and found increased colonic volumes in constipated children compared to healthy controls. There was a positive correlation between total colonic volume and whole gut transit time, suggesting that colonic morphology may play a role in understanding and treating functional constipation in children.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Neele Dellschaft, Caroline Hoad, Luca Marciani, Penny Gowland, Robin Spiller
Summary: The study collates data from 29 studies with 954 participants to investigate small bowel water content (SBWC) in various health and disease states. Results show that fasting SBWC in healthy volunteers has high variability, while it increases in untreated coeliac disease. Post-prandial SBWC is less variable than fasting values, and increases after consuming high fat and fiber meals. Additionally, indigestible residue accumulates after meals but empties quickly after high-calorie meals, leading to a significant drop in SBWC in healthy volunteers. Abnormal reductions in SBWC are observed in cystic fibrosis and irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Chris Eijsbouts, Tenghao Zhen, Nicholas A. Kennedy, Ferdinando Bonfiglio, Carl A. Anderson, Loukas Moutsianas, Joanne Holliday, Jingchunzi Shi, Suyash Shringarpure, Alexandru-loan Voda, Gianrico Farrugia, Andre Franke, Matthias Huebenthal, Goncalo Abecasis, Matthew Zawistowski, Anne Heidi Skogholt, Eivind Ness-Jensen, Kristian Hveem, Tonu Esko, Maris Teder-Laving, Alexandra Zhernakova, Michael Camilleri, Guy Boeckxstaens, Peter J. Whorwell, Robin Spiller, Gil McVean, Mauro D'Amato, Luke Jostins, Miles Parkes
Summary: An analysis of the genome-wide association of irritable bowel syndrome has identified and confirmed six genetic susceptibility loci, with implicated genes linked to mood and anxiety disorders. There is a strong correlation between the risk of IBS and anxiety, neuroticism, and depression, suggesting shared pathways with mood and anxiety disorders rather than anxiety directly causing abdominal symptoms.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sarah Sulaiman, Pavel Gershkovich, Caroline L. Hoad, Matthew Calladine, Robin C. Spiller, Snow Stolnik, Luca Marciani
Summary: Oral specially coated formulations have the potential to improve treatment outcomes of diseases in the distal intestinal tract. A feasibility study using MRI imaging showed that tracking and assessing integrity of coated capsules in the gastrointestinal tract is possible.
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Victoria Wilkinson-Smith, Caroline Hoad, David Atkinson, Luca Marciani, Maura Corsetti, S. Mark Scott, Stuart Taylor, Penny Gowland, Robin Spiller
Meeting Abstract
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
David Gunn, Caroline Yeldho, Caroline Hoad, Luca Marciani, Robin Spiller