Article
Neurosciences
Sanjay Ghosh, Ashish Raj, Srikantan S. Nagarajan
Summary: This article introduces a computational framework that reconstructs functional connectivity from structural connectivity by identifying a joint subspace of eigenmodes. It is found that a small number of these eigenmodes are sufficient for reconstruction and the proposed algorithm shows competitive performance and better interpretability compared to existing methods.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pawel Krukow, Kamil Jonak
Summary: When performing cognitive tasks, people often experience mind wandering, which involves temporary distractions or personal associations that interfere with their stream of consciousness. This study aimed to identify the neural basis for individual differences in mind wandering. The results showed that individuals who tend to mind wander frequently exhibited decreased synchronization within the default mode network, and increased connectivity between task-related networks of different functional specificity. These findings suggest that mind wanderers have atypical organization of resting-state brain activity, which may lead to reduced resources for maintaining attentional control in task-related conditions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Gerard Marti-Juan, Jaume Sastre-Garriga, Eloy Martinez-Heras, Angela Vidal-Jordana, Sara Llufriu, Sergiu Groppa, Gabriel Gonzalez-Escamilla, Maria A. Rocca, Massimo Filippi, Einar A. Hogestol, Hanne F. Harbo, Michael A. Foster, Ahmed T. Toosy, Menno M. Schoonheim, Prejaas Tewarie, Giuseppe Pontillo, Maria Petracca, Alex Rovira, Gustavo Deco, Deborah Pareto
Summary: The relationship between structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) in people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) and its interaction with disability and cognitive impairment are not well understood. This study used the Virtual Brain (TVB) to explore the SC-FC relationship in MS. Two different model regimes were studied: stable and oscillatory, with the latter including conduction delays in the brain. The results suggested that cognitive impairment in pwMS is associated with a higher SC-FC coupling and that there are compensatory and maladaptive mechanisms between SC and FC in MS.
Article
Neurosciences
Yin Wang, Athanasia Metoki, Yunman Xia, Yinyin Zang, Yong He, Ingrid R. Olson
Summary: This study reveals the brain-wide organization and mechanisms of mentalizing processing, showing the detailed connectomic features of the mentalizing network. It demonstrates that mentalizing unfolds across functionally heterogeneous regions with highly structured fiber tracts and unique hierarchical functional architecture, distinguishing it from other brain networks supporting related functions such as autobiographical memory and moral reasoning.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Karolyne Dell Ducas, Antonio Carlos da S. Senra Filho, Pedro Henrique Rodrigues Silva, Kaio Felippe Secchinato, Renata Ferranti Leoni, Antonio Carlos Santos
Summary: Several studies have investigated neural plasticity and language process in deaf individuals, but further research on the intrinsic brain organization on functional and structural neural networks derived from congenital deafness remains open. This study aimed to explore the differences in brain organization in congenitally deaf individuals, revealing higher functional connectivity and structural reorganization compared to hearing controls, particularly in the right hemisphere and occipital and parietal lobes. These findings demonstrate significant brain changes in congenital deaf individuals, supporting large-scale brain networks associated with attention, environmental monitoring, and motor and visual controls.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xiaoting Huang, Yangsa Du, Danni Guo, Fangfang Xie, Chunyao Zhou
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the coupling of structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) in the entire brain of healthy controls (HCs) and individuals with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The results showed that TLE patients had lower SC-FC coupling strength in specific brain regions compared to HCs, indicating higher susceptibility to pathological disruption.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Lu Zhang, Li Wang, Dajiang Zhu
Summary: Understanding the relationship between brain structure and function is crucial for uncovering organizational principles of the human brain. This study proposes a method called MGCN-GAN, which combines generative adversarial networks and graph convolutional networks, to infer individual structural connectivity based on functional connectivity. Experimental results demonstrate that the model can generate reliable individual structural connectivity across different individuals.
MEDICAL IMAGE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Vanessa Siffredi, Maria G. Preti, Valeria Kebets, Silvia Obertino, Richard J. Leventer, Alissandra McIlroy, Amanda G. Wood, Vicki Anderson, Megan M. Spencer-Smith, Dimitri Van de Ville
Summary: The study found that children born without a corpus callosum exhibit structural strengthening of intrahemispheric pathways, which helps achieve functional connectivity comparable to a typical brain. This neuroplasticity may be relevant for explaining neurobehavioral outcomes in this population.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Yong-ming Wang, Xin-lu Cai, Rui-ting Zhang, Yi-jing Zhang, Han-yu Zhou, Yi Wang, Ya Wang, Jia Huang, Yan-yu Wang, Eric F. C. Cheung, Raymond C. K. Chan
Summary: This study found specific changes in brain connectivity associated with high schizotypy. These changes included increased structural connectivity probability within the task control network and within the default mode network, increased variability and decreased stability of functional connectivity within the default mode network and between the auditory network and the subcortical network, and decreased static mean functional connectivity strength mainly associated with the sensorimotor network, the default mode network, and the task control network.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Johnna R. Swartz, Angelica F. Carranza, Laura M. Tully, Annchen R. Knodt, Janina Jiang, Michael R. Irwin, Camelia E. Hostinar
Summary: The study found associations between peripheral inflammation and adolescent brain connectivity, with higher TNF-α levels linked to changes in neural network connections. Associations with IL-6 and CRP were not significant, suggesting that inflammation may have unique effects on brain connectivity during adolescence.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kerstin Juetten, Leon Weninger, Verena Mainz, Siegfried Gauggel, Ferdinand Binkofski, Martin Wiesmann, Dorit Merhof, Hans Clusmann, Chuh-Hyoun Na
Summary: The study showed a relative dissociation of structural and functional connectomic coherence in glioma patients at the time of diagnosis, with more structural connectomic aberrations being encountered in IDHwt glioma patients. Healthy controls exhibited strong intramodal connectivity within both the structural and functional connectome.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Zi-wen Wang, Zi-han Yin, Xiao Wang, Yu-tong Zhang, Tao Xu, Jia-rong Du, Yi Wen, Hua-qiang Liao, Yu Zhao, Fan-rong Liang, Ling Zhao
Summary: This study found that patients with menstrual migraine (MM) exhibit structural and functional alterations in the brain, particularly in the anterior cingulum cortex (ACC), which are associated with the severity of pain and pain-related impairment of emotion. The ACC may be an important biomarker in MM.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Benjamin N. Conrad, Courtney Pollack, Darren J. Yeo, Gavin R. Price
Summary: A spatially consistent inferior temporal numeral area (ITNA) in the occipitotemporal cortex appears to preferentially process Arabic digits in adults. The reasons for the spatial segregation of ITNA from regions processing other orthographic stimuli and its consistency across individuals remain unknown. The study found stronger structural and functional connectivity of left ITNA with inferior parietal regions involved in numerical magnitude representation and arithmetic, while the right ITNA showed stronger connectivity with the ipsilateral inferior parietal cortex and bilateral IPS. These results suggest that the left ITNA may be more involved in mapping digits to verbal number representations, while the right ITNA may support the mapping of digits to quantity representations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yisong Wang, Longtao Yang, Jun Liu
Summary: This study used genetic data on functional and structural connectivity levels to determine the causal relationship between brain resting-state networks and stroke. The findings suggest that the levels of connectivity within different networks have contrasting causal effects on stroke and its subtypes.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jiefen Cui, Chengying Zhao, Liping Feng, Yanhui Han, Hengjun Du, Hang Xiao, Jinkai Zheng
Summary: Fruit pectins, derived from fruit by-products, are complex heterogeneous polysaccharides with various physicochemical properties and health functions. Different extraction methods result in pectins with different structural characteristics, which strongly affect the physicochemical properties and health functions of the pectin. Understanding the extraction-structure-property relationships of pectin is crucial for achieving targeted functional effects of pectin preparations.
TRENDS IN FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Lucina Q. Uddin
Summary: This review examines the brain mechanisms underlying the development of flexible cognition during adolescence and its impact on individuals with ASD, highlighting atypical brain network activation in ASD individuals during tasks requiring cognitive flexibility. Future research directions include improving measurement of cognitive flexibility, addressing heterogeneity in executive function ability in ASD, exploring the influence of pubertal hormones on brain development, and investigating the potential connection between bilingualism and preserved cognitive flexibility in ASD individuals.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Istvan Molnar-Szakacs, Lauren Kupis, Lucina Q. Uddin
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder is a complex neurodevelopmental condition with largely unknown etiology, making diagnosis and evaluation challenging. Neuroimaging is a promising tool for identifying risk biomarkers early on, while genetic studies provide insights into mechanisms of resilience. More research is needed to understand how risk and resilience interact and longitudinal designs with involvement of the autism community are important for identifying valuable functional domains.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Moumita Das, Vanshika Singh, Lucina Q. Uddin, Arpan Banerjee, Dipanjan Roy
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of subcortical nodes, specifically the thalamus, in the reorganization of neurocognitive networks within and between the brain during aging. The thalamus acts as a key causal hub, influencing both within-network and between-network connectivity, and plays a significant role in maintaining cognitive functioning with age. Additionally, the thalamus serves as a causal integrative hub, exhibiting substantial interactions with neurocognitive networks as individuals age, which was replicated in an independent dataset of young and old individuals.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Lauren Kupis, Zachary T. Goodman, Leigha Kircher, Celia Romero, Bryce Dirks, Catie Chang, Jason S. Nomi, Lucina Q. Uddin
Summary: Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have higher rates of overweight and obesity compared with typically developing children. Unique patterns of brain dynamics associated with obesity in autism were identified, which may be linked to cognitive flexibility and inhibition skills. These findings suggest that individuals with autism may be more vulnerable to the effects of obesity on brain function.
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Istvan Molnar-Szakacs, Lucina Q. Uddin, Mary Beth Heffernan
Summary: The global use of face masks as PPE during the COVID-19 pandemic has permanently altered interpersonal interactions, with creative initiatives like the PPE Portrait Project addressing the social disconnection caused by facial feature obstruction.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Taylor Bolt, Jason S. Nomi, Danilo Bzdok, Lucina Q. Uddin
Summary: Methods for data analysis in the biomedical, life, and social sciences are evolving rapidly, with classical statistical methods still dominating literature but multivariate and machine learning approaches on the rise. Different disciplines also show unique trends in analytic method usage, highlighting the need for a data-driven approach to educational reform.
Article
Neurosciences
Taylor Bolt, Jason S. Nomi, Danilo Bzdok, Jorge A. Salas, Catie Chang, B. T. Thomas Yeo, Lucina Q. Uddin, Shella D. Keilholz
Summary: This study examines the organization of functional MRI signals in the human brain and proposes a parsimonious description with a small number of spatiotemporal patterns. By unifying observed phenomena in two broad categories, zero-lag representations of functional connectivity and time-lag representations of traveling wave or propagation structure, the researchers identify three low-frequency spatiotemporal patterns that account for various empirical phenomena.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Lucina Q. Uddin
Summary: Network neuroscientists generally agree that human brain function is context-dependent and interactionally complex, and brain networks should be embraced as the functional units of interest. The way to define brain networks for further discovery is a contentious issue in the field. A group, including members from the Organization for Human Brain Mapping, is working towards cataloging best practices and providing reporting guidelines for the scientific community.
JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Lucina Q. Uddin
Summary: Some individuals with ASD show exceptional cognitive abilities, potentially making significant contributions to the workforce, but they face unique challenges due to a lack of services and public misunderstandings.
CURRENT DIRECTIONS IN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemical Research Methods
Jakub Kopal, Lucina Q. Uddin, Danilo Bzdok
Summary: Human neuroscience benefits from the increasing availability of population data resources, such as large-scale cohorts with extensive profiles on gene expression, brain scanning, and sociodemographic measures. The comprehensive phenotyping allows us to better examine the effects of population diversity in understanding the mechanisms underlying brain health.
Article
Neurosciences
Lucina Q. Uddin, Richard F. Betzel, Jessica R. Cohen, Jessica S. Damoiseaux, Felipe De Brigard, Simon B. Eickhoff, Alex Fornito, Caterina Gratton, Evan M. Gordon, Angela R. Laird, Linda Larson-Prior, A. Randal McIntosh, Lisa D. Nickerson, Luiz Pessoa, Ana Luisa Pinho, Russell A. Poldrack, Adeel Razi, Sepideh Sadaghiani, James M. Shine, Anastasia Yendiki, B. T. Thomas Yeo, R. Nathan Spreng
Summary: Progress in network neuroscience requires the development of a standardized taxonomy for fundamental constructs. The WHATNET committee conducted a survey on current practices in brain network nomenclature and identified challenges such as network scale, interindividual variability, dynamics, and multimodal information. They provide initial considerations and recommendations for standardized reporting.
NETWORK NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Istvan Molnar-Szakacs, Lucina Q. Uddin
Summary: Inspired by Eran Zaidel's pioneering work, this review examines the research on self-face recognition from a laterality perspective. Self-face recognition is an important indicator of self-awareness, and there is accumulating evidence, including behavioral, neurological, and neuroimaging data, suggesting a right-hemisphere dominance for self-face recognition. The review also discusses the influential neuroimaging literature on self-face recognition and future research directions.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Judith D. Lobo, Zachary T. Goodman, Jennifer A. Schmaus, Lucina Q. Uddin, Roger C. McIntosh
Summary: The study investigated the indirect effect of age on cognitive abilities through cardiometabolic risk factors using structural equation modeling. Results showed that blood pressure was associated with lower cognitive flexibility, and there was a significant indirect effect of age on episodic memory through cognitive flexibility.
AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Dipanjan Roy, Lucina Q. Uddin
Summary: The human brain is dynamically functional, giving rise to diverse behavioral subtypes. Interaction and dynamic changes between core-periphery brain regions fluctuate within developmental time frames, potentially leading to atypical behavior and clinical symptoms.
NETWORK NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Matthew Elliott, Ming Hsu, Lucina Uddin, Kiara Timpano, Sheri Johnson
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
