Article
Oncology
M. Nannini, A. Repaci, M. C. Nigro, A. Colapinto, V. Vicennati, T. Maloberti, E. Gruppioni, A. Altimari, E. Solaroli, E. Lodi Rizzini, F. Monari, A. De Leo, S. Damiani, U. Pagotto, M. A. Pantaleo, D. de Biase, G. Talini
Summary: This study retrospectively collected data from a single center in Italy on molecular profiling of patients with advanced differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) from 2008 to 2022. The results showed a significant correlation between genetic alterations and the development of radioactive iodide refractory (RAI-R) disease. Genetic testing can help identify more aggressive tumors and tumors with actionable gene fusions, guiding clinical decision-making and treatment selection.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Valentine Suteau, Mathilde Munier, Claire Briet, Patrice Rodien
Summary: Differentiated thyroid cancers are more common in women, possibly due to differences in patient behavior and thyroid investigations, as well as the potential impact of sex hormones. The reasons behind the poorer prognosis of thyroid cancer in male patients remain poorly explained.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Burcu F. Darst, Ed Saunders, Tokhir Dadaev, Xin Sheng, Peggy Wan, Loreall Pooler, Lucy Y. Xia, Stephen Chanock, Sonja I. Berndt, Ying Wang, Alpa V. Patel, Demetrius Albanes, Stephanie J. Weinstein, Vincent Gnanapragasam, Chad Huff, Fergus J. Couch, Alicja Wolk, Graham G. Giles, Tu Nguyen-Dumont, Roger L. Milne, Mark M. Pomerantz, Julie A. Schmidt, Ruth C. Travis, Timothy J. Key, Konrad H. Stopsack, Lorelei A. Mucci, William J. Catalona, Beth Marosy, Kurt N. Hetrick, Kimberly F. Doheny, Robert J. Macinnis, Melissa C. Southey, Rosalind A. Eeles, Fredrik Wiklund, David V. Conti, Zsofia Kote-Jarai, Christopher A. Haiman
Summary: This study identified genes associated with aggressive prostate cancer through exome sequencing. The findings provide support for the use of DNA repair and cancer susceptibility genes in disease management and suggest extending testing to men with nonaggressive disease.
Letter
Medicine, General & Internal
Stephanie Cham, Mary Beth Landrum, Nancy L. Keating, Joanne Armstrong, Alexi A. Wright
Summary: This study evaluates changes in the rate of BRCA testing among ovarian cancer patients and analyzes associated factors.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lingdi Yin, Jishu Wei, Zipeng Lu, Shimeng Huang, Hao Gao, Jianmin Chen, Feng Guo, Min Tu, Bin Xiao, Chunhua Xi, Kai Zhang, Qiang Li, Junli Wu, Wentao Gao, Kuirong Jiang, Jun Yu, Yi Miao
Summary: A higher incidence of pancreatic cancer has been reported in the Chinese population compared with the White population, and genetic background of pancreatic cancer in the Han Chinese population with PDAC was explored in this study, revealing a significant association between pathogenic germline variations and sporadic pancreatic cancer in China.
Article
Oncology
Athanasios Bikas, Sara Ahmadi, Theodora Pappa, Ellen Marqusee, Kristine Wong, Matthew A. Nehs, Nancy L. Cho, Jacob Haase, Gerard M. Doherty, Kartik Sehgal, Justine A. Barletta, Erik K. Alexander, Inigo Landa
Summary: This study evaluated how additional genetic events affecting key genes modify prognosis in patients with RAS-mutant thyroid cancers. The results showed that patients with RAS and additional mutations have a worse prognosis and higher mortality risk.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel Chava Rosenblum, Dania Hirsch, Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg, Carlos Benbassat, Uri Yoel, Avraham Ishay, Sagit Zolotov, Gideon Bachar, Ehud Banne, Sigal Levy, Orit Twito
Summary: This study analyzed the gene mutations in Israeli MTC patients and found that Cys618Arg mutation was the most common. The Cys618Arg group, which was associated with a specific Jewish Moroccan family, had smaller tumors and lower calcitonin levels compared to the Cys634Arg/Thr/Tyr group. However, the long-term outcomes of MTC were similar between the two groups.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Sarah P. Huepenbecker, Jason D. Wright, Mary K. Downer, Devin Incerti, Patricia Luhn, Ignacio Dolado, Lydie Bastiere-Truchot, Yvonne G. Lin, John K. Chan, Larissa A. Meyer
Summary: This study utilized real-world data to describe the testing rates and characteristics of ovarian cancer patients undergoing BRCA testing. The findings indicate that the majority of tested patients underwent testing during frontline therapy, with an increasing trend over time.
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Christine E. Cherella, Danielle M. Richman, Enju Liu, Mary C. Frates, Biren P. Modi, Benjamin Zendejas, Jessica R. Smith, Justine A. Barletta, Monica L. Hollowell, Ari J. Wassner
Summary: In children with differentiated thyroid cancer, tumor multifocality in the primary lobe is associated with bilateral disease, while clinically node-negative children with unifocal tumors in the primary lobe have a low likelihood of contralateral disease.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Elio Adib, Talal El Zarif, Amin H. Nassar, Elie W. Akl, Sarah Abou Alaiwi, Tarek H. Mouhieddine, Edward D. Esplin, Kathryn Hatchell, Sarah M. Nielsen, Huma Q. Rana, Toni K. Choueiri, David J. Kwiatkowski, Guru Sonpavde
Summary: This study mapped the landscape of P/LP germline variants in the CDH1 gene across various cancers and ethnicities. The results showed significant enrichment of CDH1 P/LP variants in patients with CSRCC, DGC, and LBC across different ethnicities. Future prospective studies are needed to further validate these findings.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Elizabeth S. Duke, Amy K. Barone, Somak Chatterjee, Pallavi S. Mishra-Kalyani, Yuan-Li Shen, Emasenyie Isikwei, Hong Zhao, Youwei Bi, Jiang Liu, Nam Atiqur Rahman, Emily Wearne, John K. Leighton, Maritsa Stephenson, Idara Ojofeitimi, Barbara Scepura, Abhilasha Nair, Richard Pazdur, Julia A. Beaver, Harpreet Singh
Summary: On September 17, 2021, the FDA approved cabozantinib for the treatment of RAI-refractory locally advanced or metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer. The approval was based on data from an international trial, which showed that cabozantinib significantly prolonged progression-free survival compared to placebo.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiao-Shun He, Wen-Long Ye, Yu-Juan Zhang, Xiao-Qin Yang, Feng Liu, Jing-Ru Wang, Xiao-Lu Ding, Yun Yang, Ruo-Nan Zhang, Yuan-Yuan Zhao, Hai-Xia Bi, Ling-Chuan Guo, Wen-Juan Gan, Hua Wu
Summary: In this study, we found that BEST4 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis in colorectal cancer. It activates the Akt signaling pathway by binding to the regulatory subunit p85 alpha of PI3K, leading to the expression of critical regulators such as MYC and CCND1. Additionally, high expression of BEST4 is associated with poor prognosis in patients.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Li-ying Hou, Xiao Li, Guo-qiang Zhang, Chuang Xi, Chen-tian Shen, Hong-jun Song, Wen-kun Bai, Zhong-ling Qiu, Quan-yong Luo
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of short-term hypothyroidism on endothelial function and metabolic changes in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer during radioiodine therapy. The results showed that endothelial function was impaired during short-term hypothyroidism, but immediately returned to normal after restoring thyroid stimulating hormone suppression therapy.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Michele Klain, Emilia Zampella, Carmela Nappi, Emanuele Nicolai, Raffaele Ambrosio, Elena Califaretti, Livia Lamartina, Martin Schlumberger, Desiree Deandreis, Domenico Salvatore, Alberto Cuocolo
Summary: This review summarizes recent advances in functional imaging and theragnosis of DTC, focusing on the use of radioactive iodine for treatment and FDG uptake for diagnosis. It also discusses other potential tracers and technologies that may offer new opportunities in selecting specific imaging modalities or treatments for patients with DTC.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Maria Sharmila Alina de Sousa, Isabela Nogueira Nunes, Yasmin Paz Christiano, Luiza Sisdelli, Janete Maria Cerutti
Summary: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is a rare disease in the pediatric population, but the incidence is increasing. Pediatric DTC has a better prognosis compared to adults. Individualized management based on clinical presentation and genetic findings is recommended by European and American guidelines. A systematic review was conducted to identify the epidemiology of genetic alterations in pediatric populations affected by thyroid tumors and/or DTC, and three key recommendations were outlined to improve precision health approaches globally.
REVIEWS IN ENDOCRINE & METABOLIC DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Naga P. Chalasani, Kyle Porter, Abhik Bhattacharya, Adam J. Book, Brenda M. Neis, Kong M. Xiong, Tiruvidaimarudur S. Ramasubramanian, V. David K. Edwards, Irene Chen, Scott Johnson, Lewis R. Roberts, John B. Kisiel, K. Rajender Reddy, Amit G. Singal, Marilyn C. Olson, Janelle J. Bruinsma
Summary: The study found that multitarget HCC blood test may significantly improve early stage HCC detection, providing more treatment opportunities for patients and reducing mortality.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Srikanth Vedachalam, Sajid Jalil, Somashaker G. Krishna, Kyle Porter, Na Li, Sean G. Kelly, Lanla Conteh, Khalid Mumtaz
Summary: Patients with cirrhosis often undergo percutaneous cholecystostomy tube (PCT) placement instead of cholecystectomy for the treatment of acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC). Initial PCT in cirrhotic patients is associated with increased healthcare utilization and decreased rates of subsequent cholecystectomy.
HEPATOBILIARY & PANCREATIC DISEASES INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Mikhail A. Gavrilin, Kyle Porter, Alexandre Samouilov, Rami N. Khayat
Summary: In patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and no cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, intensive treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for 12 weeks led to changes in critical functional genes in the microcirculatory vessels. This study supports the role of renin-angiotensin activation and endothelial oxidative stress in the decreased microcirculatory nitric oxide availability in OSA.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Kishan Patel, Kyle Porter, Somashekar G. Krishna, Bradley J. Needleman, Stacy A. Brethauer, Darwin L. Conwell, Hisham Hussan
Summary: This study is the first to demonstrate improved outcomes and fewer recurrent hospitalizations for diverticulitis after bariatric surgery compared to patients with clinically severe obesity. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms leading to this improvement and the role of weight loss in preventing severe diverticulitis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Andrew J. Kruger, Marwan S. Abougergi, Sajid Jalil, Lindsay A. Sobotka, Michael R. Wellner, Kyle M. Porter, Lanla F. Conteh, Sean G. Kelly, Khalid Mumtaz
Summary: This study evaluated hospital outcomes of cirrhosis patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) using the 2014 Nationwide Readmission Database. The results showed that patients with decompensated cirrhosis had higher readmission rates, mortality rates, and healthcare utilization compared to those with compensated cirrhosis and no cirrhosis. Early esophagogastroduodenoscopy was a modifiable factor associated with reduced readmission rates. Early identification of high-risk patients and adherence to guidelines may improve clinical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lamis Yehia, Brandie Heald, Charis Eng
Summary: Hamartomatous polyposis syndromes are a group of clinically distinct disorders characterized by hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract. These syndromes include juvenile polyposis syndrome, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, and PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome. Differentiating histologically between the polyps in each syndrome is challenging. Additionally, these syndromes are associated with increased risks of gene-specific and organ-specific cancers. Germline pathogenic variants can be identified and facilitate molecular diagnosis and gene-enabled management. Timely recognition enables presymptomatic cancer surveillance and management, although there are currently no standard agents for prevention.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Iris N. Smith, Jennifer E. Dawson, Charis Eng
Summary: PTEN is a key regulator of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, and its phosphorylation affects its tumor suppressor function. Mutations in PTEN are associated with PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome and autism spectrum disorder. This study used a comparative protein structure network approach to investigate the conformational dynamics induced by PTEN phosphorylation and identified differences between PTEN-ASD and PTEN-cancer phenotypes. The findings suggest that CTT phosphorylation affects the flexibility, inter-residue contacts, and allosteric communication patterns of PTEN.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Lamis Yehia, Maria Laura Centomo, Pier Paolo Pandol, Charis Eng
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shyam K. Poudel, Roshan Padmanabhan, Heloni Dave, Kathryn Guinta, Tyler Stevens, Madhusudhan R. Sanaka, Prabhleen Chahal, Davendra P. S. Sohal, Alok A. Khorana, Charis Eng
Summary: This study aimed to find malignancy-related microbiomic fingerprints in bile samples from patients with pancreaticobiliary malignancies. The results showed that both benign and malignant pancreaticobiliary diseases have distinct microbiomic compositions, and the relative abundance of certain bacteria varies between different types of pancreaticobiliary malignancies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masahiro Hitomi, Juan Venegas, Shin Chung Kang, Charis Eng
Summary: Individuals with a PTEN germline mutation, known as PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS), exhibit a range of symptoms including hamartomas, predisposition to cancers, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The specific genotype-phenotype correlations of PTEN mutations are not yet well-established due to limited information on the impact of these mutations on PTEN function. To address this knowledge gap, the researchers compared the functional effects of two selected missense PTEN mutations, G132D and M134R, which are associated with distinct clinical phenotypes of ASD and thyroid cancer without ASD, respectively. The findings suggest that the ASD-associated G132D allele promotes genome instability by prematurely reentering the cell cycle with incomplete DNA repair.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Takae Brewer, Lamis Yehia, Peter Bazeley, Charis Eng
Summary: This study revealed distinct somatic landscape features in breast cancers derived from germline PTEN variants, including unique copy number variations and transcriptomic signatures. The transcriptome data also identified a key pathway associated with tumorigenesis involving vitamin E degradation in patients with pathogenic germline PTEN variants.
NPJ GENOMIC MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ruipeng Wei, Lamis Yehia, Ying Ni, Charis Eng
Summary: Cancer and autism spectrum disorder/developmental delay (ASD/DD) are common clinical phenotypes in individuals with germ-line PTEN variants (PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome, PHTS). This study investigates the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) in PHTS individuals and finds that mtDNA may act as a modifier of ASD/DD versus cancer in PHTS. The study shows that PHTS-onlyASD/DD has higher mtDNA copy number than PHTS-onlyCancer group and PHTS-neither group has higher mtDNA variant burden than PHTS-ASDCancer group.
HUMAN GENETICS AND GENOMICS ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Robyn M. Busch, Lamis Yehia, Ingmar Bluemcke, Bo Hu, Richard Prayson, Bruce P. Hermann, Imad M. Najm, Charis Eng
Summary: Memory impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with molecular alterations within temporal lobe subregions that are independent from hippocampal cell loss, demographic variables, and disease characteristics. Each temporal subregion shows a unique molecular signature associated with memory impairment.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Stephen A. Firkins, Phil A. Hart, Kyle Porter, ChienWei Chiang, Jordan M. Cloyd, Mary Dillhoff, Luis F. Lara, Andrei Manilchuk, Georgios Papachristou, Timothy M. Pawlik, Allan Tsung, Darwin L. Conwell, Somashekar G. Krishna
Summary: The incidence of new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) after resection of pancreatic cystic lesions (PCLs) is high, with 1 in 5 patients developing diabetes within 2 years. Older age, features of metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease are independent predictors of NODM.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Amit G. Singal, Benjamin Haaland, Neehar D. Parikh, A. Burak Ozbay, Carol Kirshner, Shubham Chakankar, Kyle Porter, Jagpreet Chhatwal, Turgay Ayer
Summary: The sensitivity of ultrasound-based surveillance for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis is suboptimal. This study compared the performance of a novel multitarget HCC blood test (Mt-HBT) with ultrasound with or without alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) for early HCC detection. The results showed that Mt-HBT had higher sensitivity than ultrasound alone and similar sensitivity to ultrasound with AFP, suggesting that Mt-HBT could be a comparable alternative for HCC surveillance in at-risk patients.
HEPATOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)