Review
Immunology
Guanqun Li, Hongze Chen, Liwei Liu, Peng Xiao, Yu Xie, Xinglong Geng, Tao Zhang, Yang Zhang, Tianqi Lu, Hongtao Tan, Le Li, Bei Sun
Summary: Acute pancreatitis is a severe disease often leading to death, with systemic manifestations. IL-17 plays a crucial role in AP by affecting immune response and interactions between different cells. Inhibiting the IL-17 cytokine family could potentially alleviate the pathogenic process of AP.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Maria Gabriella Brizi, Federica Perillo, Federico Cannone, Laura Tuzza, Riccardo Manfredi
Summary: Acute pancreatitis, ranging from mild to severe forms with significant complications, is commonly diagnosed and evaluated using ultrasound, CT, and MRI. CT is the most frequently performed imaging test, while MRI is advantageous in specific situations for better soft tissue contrast resolution and evaluation of ductal disconnection. The revised Atlanta classification system aids radiologists in writing accurate reports and highlights their crucial role in the multidisciplinary team for treating patients with acute pancreatitis.
Review
Cell Biology
Jianhua Wan, Yuping Ren, Xiaoyu Yang, Xueyang Li, Liang Xia, Nonghua Lu
Summary: Leukocyte invasion, especially neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages, is closely related to the severity of acute pancreatitis, playing a crucial role in the systemic inflammatory response and other organ injuries. The activation and recruitment of neutrophils are major determinants of pancreatic injury and inflammation, with the arrival of the first wave of neutrophils being critical for exacerbating inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaxiao Yan, Jianing Li, Dong Wu
Summary: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a digestive emergency that can progress into a systematic illness. The role of the gut in AP progression has been studied, with a focus on dysbiosis, weakened intestinal barrier function, and bacterial translocation. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), derived from gut microbiota, have been found to be reduced in AP patients. SCFAs help restore gut homeostasis, stabilize the intestinal barrier, and regulate inflammation. Increasing SCFAs is an important strategy for gut protection in AP, which can be achieved through direct use of butyrate or indirect supplementation.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Wenya Du, Geng Liu, Na Shi, Dongmei Tang, Pawel E. Ferdek, Monika A. Jakubowska, Shiyu Liu, Xinyue Zhu, Jiayu Zhang, Linbo Yao, Xiongbo Sang, Sailan Zou, Tingting Liu, Rajarshi Mukherjee, David N. Criddle, Xiaofeng Zheng, Qing Xia, Per-Olof Berggren, Wendong Huang, Robert Sutton, Yan Tian, Wei Huang, Xianghui Fu
Summary: This study discovers the crucial role of miR-26a in acute pancreatitis by inhibiting Ca2+ overload in pancreatic acinar cells. The study also reveals that during acute pancreatitis, SOCE channels are induced in pancreatic acinar cells, while the expression of miR-26a is reduced, and its expression is correlated with the severity of acute pancreatitis.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Carlo Guglielmini, Paolo Emidio Crisi, Antonio Maria Tardo, Roberta Di Maggio, Barbara Contiero, Andrea Boari, Federico Fracassi, Arianna Miglio
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of commonly used and inexpensive hematological and biochemical parameters in dogs with acute pancreatitis and found that red cell distribution width, blood urea nitrogen, and bilirubin are useful predictors of short-term death.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Jie Deng, Ziying Song, Xiaolan Li, Huiqing Shi, Shangqing Huang, Lijun Tang
Summary: This review focuses on the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy of acute pancreatitis (AP). Accumulating evidence has shown significant alterations in the expression of lncRNAs, which are involved in the mechanisms of AP such as premature trypsinogen activation, impaired autophagy, inflammatory response, and acinar cell death. Moreover, lncRNAs can be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of AP and therapeutic targets for AP treatment.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Stephen J. Pandol, Roberta A. Gottlieb
Summary: This review discusses the central role of calcium metabolism disorders and mitochondrial dysfunction in the mechanism of pancreatitis development, as well as potential therapeutics for preventing pathologic calcium signals that injure mitochondria and interventions that promote the removal and regeneration of injured mitochondria.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Matthew R. Lohse, Kazi Ullah, Jesus Seda, Henry C. Thode Jr, Adam J. Singer, Eric J. Morley
Summary: The study investigated whether early CT imaging in the ED altered the diagnosis or management of patients with acute pancreatitis. It was found that CT led to a change in diagnosis or management in some patients, but abdominal ultrasound may be a more sensitive screening study.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
David C. Whitcomb
Summary: Traditional approaches to understanding and treating chronic pancreatitis have failed, and there are currently no drugs available to meet this need. New insights and disease models have replaced outdated concepts, providing a framework for early detection of pathogenic pancreatitis. Personalized/precision medicine is needed for disease definition and management. Acute pancreatitis and its events play a key role in the development of chronic pancreatitis, but the complex etiologies and additional genetic and environmental factors contribute to its progression.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ayush Kumar, Madhav Bhatia
Summary: Inflammation is a natural response to tissue injury, and uncontrolled inflammatory response can lead to inflammatory disease. Acute pancreatitis is one of the main reasons for hospitalization amongst gastrointestinal disorders worldwide. Endogenous hydrogen sulfide, substance P, and cell adhesion molecules play important roles in the inflammatory process of acute pancreatitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Cheng Peng, Zhiqiang Li, Xiao Yu
Summary: Acute pancreatitis is a leading cause of gastrointestinal-related hospital admissions with significant morbidity and mortality. Immune cells play a critical role in the pathogenesis of AP, and immunomodulatory therapy targeting them may improve patient prognosis. Cells of the innate immune system, including macrophages and neutrophils, are the majority of infiltrating cells during AP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Hongxin Kang, Yue Yang, Lv Zhu, Xianlin Zhao, Juan Li, Wenfu Tang, Meihua Wan
Summary: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a life-threatening abdominal disease. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play an important role in the occurrence and development of SAP, as well as its fatal complications. This review provides insights into the involvement of NETs in SAP and suggests targeting NETs as a promising strategy in SAP treatment.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Shiyu Liu, Peter Szatmary, Jing-wen Lin, Qiqi Wang, Robert Sutton, Lu Chen, Tingting Liu, Wei Huang, Qing Xia
Summary: Acute pancreatitis is a common gastrointestinal disease characterized by acute onset of abdominal pain, often leading to organ failure and death. Monocytes, a type of cells in the innate immune system, are highlighted as key contributors and regulators of the inflammatory response and organ failure in acute pancreatitis, with a special focus on lipid modulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Enrique de-Madaria, James L. Buxbaum
Summary: Recent randomized controlled trials have challenged current approaches to management in acute pancreatitis, including fluid resuscitation, antibiotic administration, management of infected necrosis, and early endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. This evidence calls for a reassessment of the current management guidelines.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)