Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Narcisse Elenga, Felix Djossou, Mathieu Nacher
Summary: This study found that HIV-infected women have a higher risk of preterm birth, which is associated with receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART), with protease inhibitor-based ART potentially being linked to a higher rate of preterm birth.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Caroline S. Foo, Rana Abdelnabi, Suzanne J. F. Kaptein, Xin Zhang, Sebastiaan ter Horst, Raf Mols, Leen Delang, Joana Rocha-Pereira, Lotte Coelmont, Pieter Leyssen, Kai Dallmeier, Valentijn Vergote, Elisabeth Heylen, Laura Vangeel, Arnab K. Chatterjee, Pieter P. Annaert, Patrick F. Augustijns, Steven De Jonghe, Dirk Jochmans, Mieke Gouwy, Seppe Cambier, Jennifer Vandooren, Paul Proost, Christine van Laer, Birgit Weynand, Johan Neyts
Summary: Nelfinavir, an HIV protease inhibitor, shows antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and can improve lung pathology induced by the virus in hamsters. It enhances the number and functionality of neutrophils and promotes their migration. Another combination of HIV protease inhibitors, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, also has a similar protective effect in this model.
ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Elise Schapkaitz, Elena Libhaber, Barry F. Jacobson, Marketa Toman, Annika Gerber, Harry R. Buller
Summary: HIV infected virologically suppressed pregnant women show evidence of persistently impaired markers of fibrinolysis. Future research should explore the risk of adverse pregnancy complications among HIV infected pregnant women in the modern era of ART.
THROMBOSIS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter Vanes Ebasone, Nasheeta Peer, Anastase Dzudie, Andre Pascal Kengne
Summary: This protocol aims to estimate the global prevalence of selected cardiometabolic risk factors in ART-naive PLHIV and their association with HIV specific factors. The study will conduct a systematic search and analysis of observational studies to collect relevant data.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Nikhil Seval, Cynthia Frank, Michael Kozal
Summary: Fostemsavir, the first attachment inhibitor approved by the FDA, shows good tolerability and efficacy in heavily treatment experienced HIV patients, with potential as an important advancement for patients with drug-resistant HIV.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Tracy L. Diamond, Winnie Ngo, Min Xu, Shih Lin Goh, Silveria Rodriguez, Ming-Tain Lai, Ernest Asante-Appiah, Jay A. Grobler
Summary: Islatravir (ISL) is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase translocation inhibitor being developed for the treatment of HIV-1 infection. Resistance selection studies showed that ISL has a high barrier to resistance and a differentiated mechanism compared to approved nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Ashley O. Otto, Christina G. Rivera, John D. Zeuli, Zelalem Temesgen
Summary: Contemporary antiretroviral agents provide enhanced potency and safety for HIV patients, although adverse drug reactions can still occur. This review categorizes antiretroviral agents based on their mechanism of action and discusses hepatoxicity seen in clinical literature. Summative overviews of hepatic adverse reactions associated with contemporary antiretroviral drugs are provided.
Article
Microbiology
Yuta Hikichi, Rachel Van Duyne, Phuong Pham, Jennifer L. Groebner, Ann Wiegand, John W. Mellors, Mary F. Kearney, Eric O. Freed
Summary: The presence of mutations in the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) can lead to reduced susceptibility to multiple classes of antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) and may contribute to virological failure in patients. The accumulation of Env mutations in individuals failing integrase inhibitor therapy suggests a possible mechanism for drug resistance development without mutations in target genes. Understanding how Env mutations affect drug resistance may influence therapeutic strategies for ARV-treated patients.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Laura Saint-Lary, Justine Benevent, Christine Damase-Michel, Christophe Vayssiere, Valeriane Leroy, Agnes Sommet
Summary: In this study, the researchers conducted a systematic review on the adverse perinatal outcomes associated with prenatal exposure to protease inhibitors (PI) based antiretroviral therapy (ART) compared with non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) based ART. The findings showed no significant association between prenatal exposure to PIs and most adverse perinatal outcomes, except for a significantly increased risk of very small for gestational age (VSGA).
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Imogen Cowdell, Katharina Beck, Clara Portwood, Harriet Sexton, Mary Kumarendran, Zoe Brandon, Shona Kirtley, Joris Hemelaar
Summary: This study assessed the risk of adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnant women living with HIV receiving protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral therapy (PI-ART) and compared the risks associated with different PI-ART regimens. The meta-analyses showed that PI-ART was associated with an increased risk of small for gestational age (SGA) and very SGA (VSGA), but not preterm birth (PTB) or other perinatal outcomes. There were no significant differences in perinatal outcomes between different PI-ART regimens.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alfredo A. A. Hinay Jr, Kyosuke Kanai, Akeno Tsuneki-Tokunaga, Mizuki Komatsu, Elizabeth O. Telan, Seiji Kageyama
Summary: This study assessed the impact of high viral growth capability on the susceptibility of HIV isolates to antiretroviral drugs using an in vitro model. Results showed that HIV isolates with high growth capability exhibited reduced susceptibility to certain antiretroviral drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Vivek Dhar Dwivedi, Aditya Arya, Pardeep Yadav, Rajesh Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Gajendra P. S. Raghava
Summary: The DenvinD database provides comprehensive information on experimentally validated DENV inhibitors against known targets, and offers user-friendly web-based features for simple search, advanced search, and data browsing. This database is the first useful repository of its kind, aiding in advancing DENV drug discovery research.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Sophia Dahmani, Nicholas Kaliss, John W. VanMeter, David J. Moore, Ronald J. Ellis, Xiong Jiang
Summary: The study revealed that alterations in brain metabolites in people with HIV are primarily affected in the basal ganglia. While combination antiretroviral therapy can partially control neuroinflammation, neuronal dysfunction and neuroinflammation persist, contributing to cognitive impairment in chronic HIV infection.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. Boah, B. Jin, T. Adampah, W. Wang, K. Wang
Summary: This retrospective study examined the association between ART coverage scale-up and TB incidence changes in Africa from 2000 to 2018, finding that a 1% increase in ART coverage was associated with a 3.97 per 100,000 decline in TB incidence. While investing in ART may help control the TB epidemic in Africa, additional interventions are necessary to enhance its effect on population TB incidence.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhong Li, Jimin Xu, Yuekun Lang, Xiangmeng Wu, Saiyang Hu, Subodh Kumar Samrat, Anil M. Tharappel, Lili Kuo, David Butler, Yongcheng Song, Qing-Yu Zhang, Jia Zhou, Hongmin Li
Summary: Erythrosin B is an effective antiviral against Zika virus both in vitro and in vivo, and its derivatives are non-toxic to human cells.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2022)