Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kaitlin M. Love, Zhenqi Liu
Summary: The relationship between hyperinsulinemia, DPP4 activity, and diseases like atherosclerosis has been studied, but the exact mechanisms remain unclear. While some research suggests that DPP4 inhibitors may be beneficial in improving cardiovascular outcomes, their effectiveness in clinical settings is still not fully confirmed.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Reem S. Alruhaimi, Gomaa Mostafa-Hedeab, Maisa Siddiq Abduh, Albandari Bin-Ammar, Emad H. M. Hassanein, Emadeldin M. Kamel, Ayman M. Mahmoud
Summary: This study found that Euphorbia peplus extract (EPE) has anti-diabetic effects in rats with type 2 diabetes, improving hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and increasing antioxidant capacity.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Victor Enrique Sarmiento-Ortega, Diana Moroni-Gonzalez, Alfonso Diaz, Miguel Angel Garcia-Gonzalez, Eduardo Brambila, Samuel Trevino
Summary: Metabolic diseases are a global health problem, and insulin resistance is their key characteristic. By administering exogenous insulin, we successfully developed an animal model of insulin resistance and observed its progression and time-dependent molecular modifications. The results showed that this model combined with oxidative conditions at the hepatic level, but without inflammation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Patrycja Bielawiec, Ewa Harasim-Symbor, Klaudia Sztolsztener, Karolina Konstantynowicz-Nowicka, Adrian Chabowski
Summary: Excessive intake of fatty acids leads to oxidative stress and inflammation, while CBD has potential therapeutic properties by improving the n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio, preventing lipid peroxidation, and attenuating inflammatory response in skeletal muscles.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abdelrahim Alqudah, Esam Y. Y. Qnais, Mohammed A. A. Wedyan, Sara Altaber, Yousra Bseiso, Muna Oqal, Rawan AbuDalo, Khaled Alrosan, Amjad Z. Z. Alrosan, Suhad Bani Melhim, Mohammad Alqudah, Rabaa Y. Y. Athamneh, Omar Gammouh
Summary: This study investigates the anti-diabetic effects of isorhamnetin in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. Results show that isorhamnetin improves insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Isorhamnetin could be a promising therapeutic agent for treating type 2 diabetes.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jianwei Zhang, Zicong Yang, Zhishan Liang, Mengjie Wang, Changxing Hu, Chao Chang, Lei Shi, Qingwei Ji, Ling Liu
Summary: Atherosclerosis and its sequelae are common diseases globally and the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in most countries. This study demonstrates the potential beneficial effect of recombinant SFRP4 in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, thereby alleviating high-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jingke Guo, Hangqi Liu, Dan Zhao, Chaoyi Pan, Xuepu Jin, Yujia Hu, Xiaolu Gao, Pingfan Rao, Shutao Liu
Summary: This study found that oral administration of superoxide dismutase (SOD) preparations can improve the damage to the intestines of diabetic rats by repairing oxidative damage and reducing inflammation. Among the SOD preparations, liposome-embedded SOD (L-SOD) showed the most significant effects.
NPJ SCIENCE OF FOOD
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Premranjan Kumar, Chun Liu, Jean W. Hsu, Shaji Chacko, Charles Minard, Farook Jahoor, Rajagopal Sekhar
Summary: This study conducted a 36-week clinical trial in older adults, showing that GlyNAC supplementation for 24 weeks improved red-blood cell GSH deficiency, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in older adults. It also improved inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, genomic damage, cognition, strength, gait-speed, exercise capacity, and lowered body fat and waist circumference. However, the benefits declined after stopping GlyNAC supplementation for 12 weeks.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Akshatha N. Srinivas, Diwakar Suresh, Deepak Suvarna, Pankaj Pathak, Suresh Giri, Suchitha Suman, Suchitha Satish, Saravana Babu P. Chidambaram, Divya Kumar
Summary: Tecomella undulata has the potential to ameliorate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and its effects are comparable to approved drugs used to treat human NASH. These findings provide a strong rationale for evaluating Tecomella undulata for the treatment of NASH.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francis Feldman, Mireille Koudoufio, Ramy El-Jalbout, Mathilde Foisy Sauve, Lena Ahmarani, Alain Theophile Sane, Nour-El-Houda Ould-Chikh, Thierry N'Timbane, Natalie Patey, Yves Desjardins, Alain Stintzi, Schohraya Spahis, Emile Levy
Summary: The study investigates the efficacy of cranberry proanthocyanidins (PACs) in improving metabolic syndrome (MetS) and liver complications. The results show that PACs can alleviate obesity, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia, and reduce oxidative stress and inflammation. Additionally, PACs improve fatty liver disease and inhibit liver gluconeogenesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alvaro Gonzalez-Dominguez, Maria Millan-Martinez, Jesus Dominguez-Riscart, Rosa Maria Mateos, Alfonso Maria Lechuga-Sancho, Raul Gonzalez-Dominguez
Summary: Metals play an important role in childhood obesity and insulin resistance, with elevated copper levels, decreased content of certain plasma proteins, and the sequestration of copper, iron, and selenium in erythrocytes being the main abnormalities caused by obesity. These metal disturbances are usually worsened in children with concomitant insulin resistance and are associated with characteristic pathogenic events such as inflammation, oxidative stress, abnormal glucose metabolism, and dyslipidemia.
Review
Cell Biology
Katarzyna Lipke, Adriana Kubis-Kubiak, Agnieszka Piwowar
Summary: Free fatty acids (FFAs) play vital roles in the organism but disturbances in fatty acid homeostasis can lead to lipotoxicity, contributing to the development of diseases such as insulin resistance and diabetes. Lipotoxic effects primarily affect organs such as the pancreas, liver, skeletal muscles, cardiac muscle, and kidneys.
Review
Cell Biology
Manuel Portero-Otin, M. Pia de la Maza, Jaime Uribarri
Summary: Insulin resistance is commonly observed during aging and is a major factor in chronic nontransmissible diseases. Diet, particularly the intake of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), plays a significant role in causing insulin resistance. Clinical trials and animal studies suggest that reducing dietary AGE intake can improve insulin resistance.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raghd Abu Helal, Harrison T. Muturi, Abraham D. Lee, Wei Li, Hilda E. Ghadieh, Sonia M. Najjar
Summary: Mice with endothelial cell-specific Ceacam1 deletion on C57BL/6J.Ldlr(-/-) background exhibited insulin sensitivity despite hypercholesterolemia and showed increased inflammation and fibrosis without significant fat deposition on aortic walls.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dina E. Al-Wakeel, Dalia H. El-Kashef, Manar A. Nader
Summary: This study found that empagliflozin (EMPA) has a protective effect against insulin resistance (IR) induced by junk food. EMPA can improve IR through various mechanisms, including reducing obesity, improving glucose metabolism, alleviating liver and kidney damage, and reducing inflammation. Additionally, the combination of EMPA and metformin (MET) has a synergistic effect in improving dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, and kidney function.