Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hadi Hijazi, Vladimir Dubrovskii
Summary: This study theoretically investigated the role of surface energy in the growth of III-V nanowires, finding that the expansion of the monolayer may not be a continuous process, with dissolution on one side and simultaneous growth on the other. This discovery contributes to a better understanding of nanowire growth mechanisms and has potential impacts on the statistics, crystal phase, and doping properties of nanowire ensembles.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Johannes Svensson, Patrik Olausson, Heera Menon, Sebastian Lehmann, Erik Lind, Mattias Borg
Summary: This article introduces a method of 3D integration of III-V semiconductors on Si CMOS using low-temperature Si3N4 template-assisted selective area metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy (MOVPE). By observing with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), we can obtain high yield of single-crystalline InAs nanowires, which have a mobility of 690 cm(2)/(V s), low-resistive Ohmic electrical contact to the W film, and resistivity that increases with diameter due to increased grain boundary scattering. These results demonstrate the feasibility of single-crystalline III-V back-end-of-line integration with a low thermal budget compatible with Si CMOS.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vladimir G. Dubrovskii
Summary: Compositional control in III-V ternary nanowires grown through the vapor-liquid-solid method is crucial for bandgap engineering and the design of functional nanowire nano-heterostructures. The vapor-solid distribution of these nanowires is found to be kinetically controlled, while the liquid-solid distribution is in equilibrium or nucleation-limited. The developed approach, which eliminates unknown parameters and circumvents uncertainty in choosing the relevant compositional model, allows for precise compositional tuning of these nanowires.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Vladimir G. Dubrovskii, Rodion R. Reznik, Igor Ilkiv, Konstantin P. Kotlyar, Ilya P. Soshnikov, Evgenii Ubyivovk, Sergey Mikushev, George E. Cirlin
Summary: Experimental data on the rapid axial growth rate of narrow InAs nanowires obtained by Au-catalyzed molecular beam epitaxy on Si substrates at a low surface temperature are presented. The NWs show pure wurtzite crystal structure and an unusually high ratio of the average NW length over the effective thickness. These trends are explained within a dedicated growth model, which also describes the linear time dependence of the NW length and other unusual growth properties.
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ruiling Gong, Edy Azrak, Celia Castro, Sebastien Duguay, Philippe Pareige, Pere Roca i Cabarrocas, Wanghua Chen
Summary: Alloying Ge with Sn is a promising way for Si compatible optoelectronics. GeSn nanowires were successfully synthesized via nano-crystallization of a hydrogenated amorphous Ge layer with metal Sn droplets, with different morphologies obtained by changing process conditions. Annealing under Ar plasma favors the elaboration of straight GeSn NWs, while the synthesis of out-of-plane GeSn NWs has been demonstrated by reversing the deposition sequence.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hadi Hijazi, Mohammed Zeghouane, Vladimir G. Dubrovskii
Summary: Silicon atoms can increase the nucleation probability of As-based alloy nanowires, but they suppress the nucleation rate of InGaN nanowires of different compositions.
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Huimin Liu, Kezhi Li, Hui Chen, Bing Liu, Xuemin Yin
Summary: In this study, oriented SiC nanowires arrays were successfully prepared using a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach with Fe(NO3)3 as catalyst. Morphology and structural analyses revealed the growth mechanism and proved the influence of the catalyst. This research has the potential for large-scale preparation of oriented SiC nanowires for applications in toughening materials, field emission, and energy storage.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Edith Bellet-Amalric, Federico Panciera, Gilles Patriarche, Laurent Travers, Martien den Hertog, Jean-Christophe Harmand, Frank Glas, Joel Cibert
Summary: The growth of ZnTe nanowires and ZnTe-CdTe nanowire heterostructures was studied using in situ transmission electron microscopy. The balance between one monolayer and two monolayer steps during different growth modes, as well as the role of mismatch strain and lattice coincidence between gold and ZnTe, were discussed. The formation of an interface between CdTe and ZnTe was also described.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Qi-Bo Wang, Qin-Qin Xu, Ming-Zhe Yang, Zhong-Shuai Wu, Xiao-Chuan Xia, Jian-Zhong Yin, Zhen-Hua Han
Summary: A novel pressure-induced supercritical phase nucleation method is proposed for synthesizing monolayer MoS2 films, without the need for promoters. The method avoids contamination from heterogeneous promoters seen in existing techniques. The size of MoS2 crystals on the substrate is influenced by the wetting area of precursor droplets, while the formation of continuous films is controlled by the coalescence of droplets. The nucleation site density can be adjusted by the supersaturation of the supercritical fluid solution, providing new possibilities for controlled growth of MoS2 and other two-dimensional materials.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Dong Kyo Oh, Hyunsik Choi, Hyeonmin Shin, Kwangjun Kim, Minwook Kim, Jong G. Ok
Summary: This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the fabrication of zinc oxide nanowires using three major growth methods: VLS, VS, and hydrothermal growth. Each growth method allows for tailored structural morphologies and functional features of the ZnO nanowires, providing a critical pathway for targeted applications in diverse fields such as energy conversion and harvesting, electronics, photonics, and smart and wearable sensors.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Muhammad Rashad, Hugh Geaney
Summary: This study demonstrates the growth of silicon nanowires (Si NWs) using magnesium (Mg) as a catalyst material. The Si NWs grown with Mg show high mass loadings and tight diameter control. They exhibit high initial coulombic efficiencies and high gravimetric and areal capacities as anodes for lithium-ion batteries.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Omer Arif, Valentina Zannier, Francesca Rossi, Daniele Ercolani, Fabio Beltram, Lucia Sorba
Summary: The study presents the self-catalyzed growth of InAs/InSb/InAs axial heterostructured nanowires with a single defect-free InSb quantum dot on Si substrates using chemical beam epitaxy. By systematically varying the growth parameters, the researchers found that the growth temperature strongly influences the axial and radial growth rates of the top InAs segment, allowing for control over the thickness of the InAs shell around the InSb quantum dot. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of In diffusion paths and the interplay of growth mechanisms in determining the final shape of the nanowires.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Robin Sjokvist, Daniel Jacobsson, Marcus Tornberg, Reine Wallenberg, Egor D. Leshchenko, Jonas Johansson, Kimberly A. Dick
Summary: The nanowire geometry is favored for ternary semiconductor growth due to the flexibility in tuning composition and properties without requiring substrate lattice matching. The composition control of InxGa1-xAs nanowires was studied with in situ measurements using environmental transmission electron microscopy, revealing a different compositional relationship than predicted by thermodynamic models. A kinetic model was constructed to predict compositional trends by suppressing miscibility gaps, suggesting compositional control across the entire range is achievable.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Maritza Mujica, Amar Mohabir, Pralav P. Shetty, Wesley R. Cline, Daniel Aziz, Matthew T. McDowell, Victor Breedveld, Sven Holger Behrens, Michael A. Filler
Summary: In this study, we demonstrate the growth of single-crystalline i-Si, i-Si/n-Si, and SixGe1-x/SiyGe1-y nanowires via the Geode process. The use of microcapsules improves scalability while maintaining programmability of the nanowires. Heat and mass transport limitations introduced by the microcapsule wall are shown to be negligible, allowing for consistent compositional control. The efficient transport also minimizes structural variations in nanowires grown in microcapsules with different sizes and wall thicknesses.
Article
Physics, Applied
Thomas Riedl, Vinay S. Kunnathully, Akshay K. Verma, Timo Langer, Dirk Reuter, Bjoern Bueker, Andreas Huetten, Joerg K. N. Lindner
Summary: A process for the large-area fabrication of nanopillar-patterned semiconductor templates for selective-area heteroepitaxy has been developed. The growth of defect-free nanoscale InAs islands on the nanopillar tops has been observed using electron microscopy.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lorenzo Peri, Domenic Prete, Valeria Demontis, Valentina Zannier, Francesca Rossi, Lucia Sorba, Fabio Beltram, Francesco Rossella
Summary: In this study, a significant reduction in thermal conductivity in III-V semiconductor nanowires was achieved by introducing periodic crystal-lattice twin planes. These twinning superlattice nanowires exhibited improved thermoelectric properties, making them promising nanomaterials for high-efficiency thermoelectric energy harvesting.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Indrajit Mondal, Nilay Awasthi, Mukhesh K. Ganesha, Ashutosh K. Singh, Giridhar U. Kulkarni
Summary: Implementing simple and inexpensive energy-saving smart technologies in households can effectively achieve on-demand privacy control and reduce energy consumption. To meet the demand of the consumer market, an unconventional smart window that is cost-effective, power-efficient, and simple to fabricate is needed. A mist-driven transparency switching glass was developed, showing significant temperature reduction and the ability to be operated wirelessly through a cellphone application, making it commercially viable and suitable for IoT integration.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Omer Arif, Valentina Zannier, Francesca Rossi, Diego De Matteis, Katharina Kress, Marta De Luca, Ilaria Zardo, Lucia Sorba
Summary: Nanowire geometry offers the possibility of obtaining semiconductor heterostructures that are not achievable in planar systems, allowing for the exploration of new optical transitions and vibrational properties. High-quality superlattice nanowires have shown improved thermoelectric properties and the potential for engineering photonic and phononic properties at the nanoscale.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
P. Robin, T. Emmerich, A. Ismail, A. Nigues, Y. You, G. -H. Nam, A. Keerthi, A. Siria, A. K. Geim, B. Radha, L. Bocquet
Summary: Experiments reveal the emergence of memory in the transport of electrolytes across nanoscale channels, which lays the foundation for biomimetic computations.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Suman Kundu, Subi J. George, Giridhar U. Kulkarni
Summary: A high-performance visible-blind UV photodetector using 1D supramolecular nanofibers is reported, exhibiting high responsivity, selectivity, low power consumption, and good mechanical flexibility. The device performance is improved through tweaking electronic and ionic conduction pathways and optimizing electrode material, external humidity, applied voltage bias, and introducing additional ions. The nanofiber system shows great potential for integration in future electronic gadgets.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Samuele Cornia, Valeria Demontis, Valentina Zannier, Lucia Sorba, Alberto Ghirri, Francesco Rossella, Marco Affronte
Summary: Novel approaches exploiting the interaction between microwaves and quantum devices are being developed for efficient microwave detection. In this study, InAs/InP nanowire double quantum dot-based devices are used as nanoscale detectors to measure the local field without calibration. The detector performance is evaluated, and it is shown that these devices allow direct assessment of the microwave field with high sensitivity and spatial resolution, potentially advancing the development of high-performance microwave circuitries.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Aureliano Macili, Ylea Vlamidis, Georg Pfusterschmied, Markus Leitgeb, Ulrich Schmid, Stefan Heun, Stefano Veronesi
Summary: The use of three-dimensional graphene structures allows for overcoming the limitations of graphene's two-dimensional nature and enhances its ability to absorb hydrogen. This study investigates hydrogen bonding on monolayer graphene grown on a porous 4H-SiC wafer. The results reveal that the three-dimensional graphene structures can chemically bind atomic deuterium and may have a catalytic splitting mechanism. The porous material's dendritic structure temporarily retains desorbed molecules, leading to delayed emission, making these structures promising for hydrogen storage devices.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Athanasios A. Papaderakis, Andinet Ejigu, Jing Yang, Amr Elgendy, Boya Radha, Ashok Keerthi, Anne Juel, Robert A. W. Dryfe
Summary: The unique layered structure of graphite and its tunable interlayer distance allow for the accommodation of ions into its structure. The smooth and chemically inert nature of the graphite surface makes it an ideal substrate for electrowetting. This study combines these two properties and explores the significant effect of anion intercalation on the electrowetting response of graphitic surfaces. Through in situ Raman spectroscopy, the structural changes during intercalation/deintercalation were studied, providing insights into the influence of intercalation staging on the rate and reversibility of electrowetting. By tuning the intercalant size and stage of intercalation, a fully reversible electrowetting response can be achieved. The approach is extended to biphasic (oil/water) systems, allowing for a fully reproducible electrowetting response with a near-zero voltage threshold and unprecedented contact angle variations.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Solleti Goutham, Ashok Keerthi, Abdulghani Ismail, Ankit Bhardwaj, Hossein Jalali, Yi You, Yiheng Li, Nasim Hassani, Haoke Peng, Marcos Vinicius Surmani Martins, Fengchao Wang, Mehdi Neek-Amal, Boya Radha
Summary: Ionic flow through angstrom-scale channels can selectively separate ions of the same charge and hydrated size beyond steric and Coulomb effects. Two-dimensional channels have been shown to be influenced by the position of ions, leading to selectivity. Understanding and designing artificial channels that can mimic the exquisite selectivity of biological channels is a challenge, but necessary for various applications. This study investigates Å-scale artificial channels made by van der Waals assembly and demonstrates their ability to distinguish between same-charge ions based on their positions within nanoconfined water.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Indrajit Mondal, Mukhesh K. Ganesha, Ashutosh K. Singh, Giridhar U. Kulkarni
Summary: The major drawbacks of electrochromic smart windows (ECSWs) for zero-energy buildings include excessive cost, insufficient optical modulation, and limited functionality. A solution to this problem is proposed by optimizing the deposition conditions for WO3 sputtering on a cost-effective Al-mesh overlaid with SnO2. The optimized ECSW exhibits ultra-high switching contrast, fast response and recovery time, good cyclic stability, and excellent coloration efficiency. A large-area smart window with dual-functionality and a device with a quasi-solid electrolyte are also developed.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
A. Iorio, A. Crippa, B. Turini, S. Salimian, M. Carrega, L. Chirolli, V. Zannier, L. Sorba, E. Strambini, F. Giazotto, S. Heun
Summary: In this study, a ballistic InSb nanoflag-based Josephson junction with Nb superconducting contacts is investigated. The high transparency of the superconductor-semiconductor interfaces allows for the exploration of quantum transport with short and long conducting channels. Half-integer Shapiro steps are observed under microwave irradiation, which are robust to temperature and suggest a possible nonequilibrium origin. The results demonstrate the potential of ballistic InSb nanoflags Josephson junctions as a valuable platform for understanding the physics of hybrid devices and investigating their nonequilibrium dynamics.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tejaswini S. Rao, Suman Kundu, Bharath Bannur, Subi J. George, Giridhar U. Kulkarni
Summary: This article reports a two-terminal optically active device based on 1D supramolecular nanofibres, which mimics synaptic functions such as STP, LTP, PPF, STDP, and demonstrates its potential as a visual system.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Mukhesh K. Ganesha, Indrajit Mondal, Ashutosh K. Singh, Giridhar U. Kulkarni
Summary: Electrochromic (EC) devices are not widely commercialized due to their high cost. The best large-area devices in the market do not achieve a distinct dark-colored state and instead appear more like blue tinted glass. This study reports on the development of a high-performing porous WO3 thin film achieved by optimizing the sputtering process, resulting in an affordable dual-function EC energy-storage device. By using a hybrid electrode and multivalent electrolytes, the need for expensive components such as ITO electrodes and Li+ ion-based electrolytes can be eliminated while maintaining device performance.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rohit Attri, Indrajit Mondal, Bhupesh Yadav, Giridhar U. Kulkarni, C. N. R. Rao
Summary: This article reports an artificial synaptic network that mimics the hierarchical structure of biological neural networks. The designed network exhibits threshold switching and ultra-low energy requirement, while providing wide range synaptic plasticity. The study reveals the scale-free correlation of enhancement in the device, suggesting its potential as an ideal platform for neuromorphic computing.
MATERIALS HORIZONS
(2023)
