Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jutao Wang, Zhicheng Xue, Chunhua Cai, Debo Wang
Summary: This study proposes a circular-arc spiral piezoelectric energy harvester that can achieve three-dimensional energy harvesting in a low frequency vibration environment. The design of the arc spiral structure allows the cantilever beam to absorb energy from vibration in multiple directions and reduces the resonance frequency. The experimental results show that the circular-arc spiral energy harvester with a radian of 4π has the best output performance.
IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mariana del Castillo, Nicolas Perez
Summary: This paper introduces the use of machine learning to determine the parameters in a piezoelectric model. The initial results show promising accuracy in predicting the main sensitive parameters using a numerically trained neural network. The proposed approach is fast and suitable for manufacturers or end users working with the same material and fixed geometries.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Zhenxi Liu, Jiamin Chen, Xudong Zou
Summary: The piezoelectric cantilever resonator is widely used in various fields for its perfect design and easy integration with integrated circuits. A novel model is proposed to accurately predict the tip displacement and resonance frequency of the resonator, showing good agreement with simulation and experimental results.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Khaled Mohamed, Hassan Elgamal, Sallam A. Kouritem
Summary: This research focuses on optimizing the geometry and natural frequency of piezoelectric energy harvesters to improve efficiency. The combination of genetic algorithm and COMSOL optimization module has significantly increased power output. Experimental validation of COMSOL results and investigation into the impact of cantilever length, tip mass, and piezoelectric material volume on output voltage were conducted.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yingjun Sang, Kang Peng, Zhijie Ding, Yihang Zhang, Yuanyuan Fan
Summary: This paper establishes the vibration model of a piezoelectric cantilever and the output model of piezoelectric and electromagnetic energy. The simulation analysis using Comsol Multiphysics software investigates the effects of structural parameters on resonance frequency and output voltage. A vibration energy collection device is designed based on the findings. The feasibility and accuracy of the theoretical analysis are verified through experiments.
MECHANICS OF ADVANCED MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Martin Sotola, Pavel Marsalek, David Rybansky, Martin Fusek, Dusan Gabriel
Summary: Topology optimization is a modern approach aimed at maximizing the performance of a system's design. This paper focuses on sensitivity analysis of key formulations using MATLAB software, specifically examining a cantilever bending task.
Article
Acoustics
Junsoo Kim, Seongkwan Yang, Keunha Oh, Wonkyu Moon
Summary: A PEMCAV sensor was developed with a lumped approach modeling that considers fluid-structure interaction and the mechanical impedance of the cantilever. Experimental results validated the optimized design parameters, showing improved performance with high frequency response and directivity characteristics.
JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jie Hu, Le Wang, Si Chen
Summary: In this article, a resonant cavity piezoelectric cantilever sensor (RCPCS) is designed and optimized for wind velocity and direction measurement. The sensitivity of the RCPCS is increased through structural optimization, resulting in improved accuracy and a lower measurement limit. The experimental results demonstrate reduced errors in both direction and velocity measurements.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INSTRUMENTATION AND MEASUREMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yang Huang, Zhiran Yi, Guosheng Hu, Bin Yang
Summary: A data-driven optimization strategy based on a generalized pattern search (GPS) algorithm is proposed to automatically optimize piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs). By utilizing the finite element method (FEM) as the solver and the GPS algorithm as the optimizer, the study achieved optimization with minimum human efforts and obtained better results.
Article
Thermodynamics
X. L. Zhong, K. C. Chan, S. C. Fu, L. Q. Wang, Christopher Y. H. Chao
Summary: Piezoelectric fan cooling is receiving increased attention for its compact size and high energy efficiency. This study investigates the impact of fan location and channel configuration on heat transfer performance. By adjusting the fan position, a higher streamwise velocity is achieved, leading to improved heat transfer. Inserting a fan into the channel results in a 55% enhancement of the Nusselt number compared to natural convection. Additionally, both expansion and contraction configurations enhance heat transfer, with the optimal configuration providing an additional 10% enhancement. Flow visualization and velocity measurements reveal that the contraction configuration boosts streamwise velocity and generates a jet flow pattern, while the expansion configuration promotes more vortices and spanwise mixing.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ahmed Fawzy, Ahmed Magdy, Aya Hossam
Summary: This paper presents a simulation platform for designing high-performance cantilever piezoelectric MEMS microphones, which can predict a wide range of key design issues and achieve fast optimization. By studying a real model, a high agreement between the platform's outputs and theoretical results was found, providing accurate results for designers.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Le Wang, Junming Liu, Xin Wang, Si Chen
Summary: This paper introduces a dual-inlet pump that improves the output flow performance of piezoelectric pumps. By optimizing the valve stiffness and pump chamber height, the measured flow rates are increased, achieving a maximum flow rate. This is of great significance for the application of small intelligent pumps in the field of microfluidics.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kaiyuan Zhao, Qichang Zhang, Wei Wang, Jianxin Han, Shuying Hao
Summary: The study introduces a variable cross-section cantilever-based piezoelectric energy harvester optimized for low-speed wind energy harvesting. By improving the Galerkin method, the output power of this harvester can reach up to 3.668 times that of a uniform beam model.
FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Dongshuang Yao, Ji Fu, Faxin Li
Summary: Instrumented indentation is a powerful mechanical characterization method for materials, with the proposed piezoelectric bimorph cantilever method offering convenient measurement of both quasi-static and dynamic properties of soft materials. Results from testing silica gel and Polydimethylsiloxane samples show good agreement with traditional tensile testing, indicating potential widespread use of this method in the future.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Nan Shao, Jiawen Xu, Xiaosu Xu
Summary: This paper presents a two-degree-of-freedom piezoelectric energy harvesting system with a stopper for wideband operation. By optimizing the parameters, the frequency responses of the resonant peaks can be widened and a large amplitude voltage output can be achieved. It is demonstrated that arranging the stopper at the free end of the inner beam yields better performance.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Loris Casadei, Laszlo Konozsy, Nicholas J. Lawson
AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Lynette Keeney, Ronan J. Smith, Meghdad Palizdar, Michael Schmidt, Andrew J. Bell, Jonathan N. Coleman, Roger W. Whatmore
ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2020)
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
C. M. Fernandez-Posada, C. Cochard, J. M. Gregg, R. W. Whatmore, M. A. Carpenter
Summary: Domain walls in Cu-Cl boracite develop due to improper ferroelastic and ferroelectric transitions. The phase transition and its dynamic properties were analyzed from the perspective of strain and elasticity, revealing the presence of dynamic microdomains in the orthorhombic structure and high acoustic loss in the cubic phase. Additionally, a Debye loss peak and elastic stiffening indicate freezing of defects or a more intrinsic freezing process at around 40K.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
S. Crossley, R. W. Whatmore, N. D. Mathur, X. Moya
Summary: Electrically driven adiabatic changes of temperature were observed in the archetypal electrocaloric material PbSc0.5Ta0.5O3, with a maximum temperature change of around 2 K achieved by a maximum field change of 26 kV cm(-1) for starting temperatures in the range of 300 K-315 K. These quasi-indirect measurements, when combined with other types of measurements, could become commonly used in the future.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joseph G. M. Guy, Charlotte Cochard, Pablo Aguado-Puente, Elisabeth Soergel, Roger W. Whatmore, Michele Conroy, Kalani Moore, Eileen Courtney, Alan Harvey, Ursel Bangert, Amit Kumar, Raymond G. P. McQuaid, J. Marty Gregg
Summary: The study reports the discovery that specific charged 90-degree domain walls in copper-chlorine boracite move in the opposite direction to that expected, increasing the size of the domain in which polarization is anti-aligned with the applied field. Polarization-field (P-E) hysteresis loops, inferred from optical imaging, show negative gradients and non-transient negative capacitance throughout the P-E cycle. Switching currents generated by the relative motion between domain walls and sensing electrodes confirm this, as their signs are opposite to those expected conventionally.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
A. Berenov, P. Petrov, B. Moffat, J. Phair, L. Allers, R. W. Whatmore
Summary: This study investigated the properties of Nb-doped lead zirconate titanate films and found that Nb doping affects the orientation and ferroelectric response of the films, while also increasing the internal field and pyroelectric coefficient. Nb-doped films showed an increase in photocurrent, exhibiting a complex relationship between photovoltaic and pyroelectric effects.
Editorial Material
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Roger W. Whatmore, Yu-Meng You, Ren-Gen Xiong, Chang-Beom Eom
Article
Physics, Applied
C. Cochard, T. Granzow, C. M. Fernandez-Posada, M. A. Carpenter, R. G. P. McQuaid, J. G. M. Guy, R. W. Whatmore, J. M. Gregg
Summary: Charged domain walls spontaneously form in Cu-Cl boracite during the phase transition, exhibiting different conductivity compared to the bulk and motion consistent with negative capacitance. The observed dielectric relaxations in the material can be explained by the presence of point defects, likely local complexes resulting from a change in valence of Cu and accompanying oxygen vacancies. The sudden change in resistivity at the phase transition indicates that conductive domain walls play a significant role in the conductivity in the ferroelectric phase.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Adrian Corrochano, Ana F. Neves, Bidur Khanal, Soledad Le Clainche, Nicholas J. Lawson
Summary: In this paper, higher-order dynamic mode decomposition (HODMD) is applied to study the transient aerodynamic flow field during stall of an aircraft wing. The main patterns and frequencies are identified using this method, and two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) flow visualization techniques are used to understand vortex shedding and its interaction with the tailplane. Comparison with experimental results and proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) analysis is performed to evaluate the effectiveness of HODMD. The advantages of HODMD lie in identifying the main physical phenomena and relevant instabilities in fluid dynamics.
JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Roger W. Whatmore, Samuel J. Ward
Summary: This article reviews physical models that can accurately predict the performance of different types of PIRDs and discusses the properties and potential applications of various pyroelectric materials. It emphasizes the importance of full-frequency dielectric data for accurate predictions and suggests that factors such as temperature stability, uniformity, and ease-of-processing are crucial in determining material utility. The article also compares new lead-free materials with the industry-standard material, LiTaO3, and finds that they do not yet offer a competitive performance for mm-scale detectors.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
J. H. Barrington, S. W. James, T. Kissinger, S. E. Staines, S. Prince, E. Alcusa-Saez, N. J. Lawson, R. P. Tatam
Summary: This paper presents the application of range resolved interferometry (RRI) for the measurement of an extrinsic Fabry-Perot based pressure sensor in laboratory and wind tunnel environments. A simple, compact sensor head design was fabricated and characterized using RRI, which exhibited a sensitivity of 1.627 x10(-3) rad Pa-1 and a noise standard deviation of 9 Pa at a data rate of 1.5 kHz. When used for surface pressure evaluation during wind tunnel testing on a high-lift wing, the proposed approach performed comparably to a conventionally employed commercial device for relative static pressure measurements.
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Nicholas J. Lawson, Simon G. Davies, Bidur Khanal, Rein Hoff
Summary: This paper presents in-flight measurements of the interaction between the wake of a stalled Slingsby T67 Firefly aircraft and the tailplane. The results show that the shedding frequency of the aerodynamic wake closely matches the resonant frequency of the tailplane, leading to significant excitation of the structure during heavy stall. Analysis of image data also reveals large magnitude, lower frequency tailplane movement, consistent with previous modeling and measurements of post-stall behavior.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Krystian Roleder, Andrzej Majchrowski, Iwona Lazar, Roger W. Whatmore, A. Mike Glazer, Dariusz Kajewski, Janusz Koperski, Andrzej Soszynski
Summary: The origin of the strong piezoelectric phenomenon in PZT perovskites is still not fully understood. Studies have shown that the enhancement of the piezoelectric properties in this material is related to a change in the distribution of domains with monoclinic symmetry, which are easily polarized and rotated under the action of an electric field.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
A. F. Neves, N. J. Lawson, C. J. Bennett, B. Khanal, R. Hoff
AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2020)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roger Whatmore
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kehao Feng, Zhenghua Zhang, Guohua Bai, Xiuyuan Fan, Rongzhi Zhao, Xuefeng Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a new method to accurately evaluate the high-frequency power loss of soft magnetic materials. Through a two-step calibration, the system is able to compensate for the phase angle discrepancy between the exciting current and induced voltage, enabling a higher power loss measurement frequency.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mingfang Kang, Tong Liu, Hongmei Sun, Lin Li, Keliang Wang
Summary: In this study, the absorption performance of ambient nitrogenous toxic gases on a monolayer of blue phosphorus phase germanium selenide (GeSe) was investigated using density-functional theory calculations. The results showed that GeSe monolayer exhibits higher sensitivity and selectivity for the hazardous gas NO.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yaqiong Niu, Zhicheng Zou, Longsheng Cheng, Chaofeng Ye
Summary: This paper proposes a novel method to stabilize the laser diode output using a close-loop control with two feedbacks. The proposed method performs better for long-time operations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jiajie Li, Ying Liu, Zhen Chai, Qian Cao, Renjie Li, Yueyang Zhai
Summary: This study proposed an efficient and high-quality beam-splitting method based on a diffractive optical element, enabling multichannel SERF atomic magnetometers to achieve ultra-high consistency and sensitivity. It has significant applications in array biomagnetic measurement systems.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
E. Oliveira, C. Doering, H. Fouckhardt
Summary: With the development of Lab on a chip technology, fluid management using dispersed droplets has become an important approach. Electrowetting on dielectric (EWOD) is one method for droplet actuation, but it requires prior definition of droplet positions. Optoelectrowetting (OEW) goes further by allowing changes in electrical parameters through impinging light spots, without the need for predefined droplet positions. This study re-evaluates the key parameters of OEW and explores their effects on droplet actuation using numerical optimization methods.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Haipeng Wang, Zhiguo Wang, Gancheng Zhu, Shuai Zhang
Summary: A novel capacitive proximity skin was developed to improve the performance of robotics in handling liquid-filled containers. This skin features a flexible structure that can adapt to different grippers and seamlessly integrate with Robot Operating System. Experimental results demonstrated that this proximity skin achieved data-lossless detection and contactless measurement of liquid level, making it suitable for grasping operations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Tsenguun Byambadorj, Xiangyu Zhao, Yutao Qin, Yogesh B. Gianchandani
Summary: In this research, a monolithically microfabricated Knudsen pump (KP) without suspended membranes was presented. These pumps offer improved mechanical robustness, wider process window, and simplified microfabrication process compared to previous designs. The experimental results matched the modeling results well, indicating the potential for monolithic integration onto complex lab-on-a-chip systems.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Hamed Karami, Saeed Karami Chemeh, Vahid Azizi, Hooman Sharifnasab, Jose Ramos, Mohammed Kamruzzaman
Summary: Aroma is a significant quality trait for pharmaceutical plants and their products, indicating the quality of the raw material. An electronic nose is an efficient approach for identifying and evaluating the aroma of essential oils. In this study, tarragon was dried at different temperatures and air velocities, and the purity of tarragon essential oil was evaluated using an electronic nose. Multivariate data analysis and artificial neural networks modeling were employed to quantify and classify the obtained essential oils.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xiaoyang Duan, Dan Xu, Wenjun Jia, Ran Li, Bohao Sun, Ruitian Yan, Wenjie Zhao
Summary: Flower-like WO3/WS2 heterojunction materials constructed via a low-temperature in-situ oxidation method exhibit significant improvements in the detection of NO2 gas in gas sensors, along with good selectivity and reproducibility.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Peng Yu, Mengyang Zhang, Manqi You, Yuxi Gao, Landong Xiao, Yan Peng, Jingxia Lai, Zhouzhao Shi, Siwei Luo, Gencai Guo, Gang Guo
Summary: Recent studies have shown that two-dimensional Janus transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have great potential for applications in gas sensors. By conducting first principles calculations, this study explores the potential application of Pd-doped monolayer HfSeS as gas sensor materials for detecting CO, CO2, NH3, and NO. The results demonstrate the good thermodynamical stability and reversible adsorption of these molecules on both pristine and Pd-doped HfSeS, with Pd-doped HfSeS showing higher sensitivity towards NO due to its metallic behavior upon NO adsorption.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jinlan Yang, Linjiao Li, Jun Huang, Quan Zhang, Hiba Affane
Summary: This study proposes a method for large-scale aggregation of micro-particles by creating a vortex region using low-frequency oscillation. Experimental results show that this method can achieve a large aggregation area and has the advantages of low cost and low power consumption.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jitendra Singh, Saurabh Kumar Gupta, Vinita
Summary: In this investigation, a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) formalin gas sensor was explored for low-level formalin gas sensing applications. The sensor showed stable response and high sensitivity to formalin gas concentration, making it a reliable and useful sensor for room temperature operations.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Junyao Wang, Yahao Liu, Huan Liu, Qi Hou, Jianxin Xu, Hongxu Pan, Jingran Quan, Yansong Chen, Hanbo Yang, Lixiang Li
Summary: A flexible electrode with a serpentine-shaped tetra-chiral structure was designed to improve the mechanical properties and prevent mechanical fracture of flexible electrodes. The research demonstrated that this structure reduced the maximum tensile stress by 87.19% compared to the existing tetra-chiral structure. The flexible electrode remained conductive even at a strain of 70% and showed resistance values of 5 ohm and 4.4 ohm at a bending angle of 180 degrees and after 1000 fold cycles. Furthermore, the flexible electrodes showed great potential in biological signal monitoring, particularly in collecting ECG and pulse signals.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Taihao Chen, Yong Fang, Mengru Zhu, Zhiwei Zhao, Wei Lei, Zhuoya Zhu, Helong Jiang
Summary: Flexible dual-spectral carbon nanodots/flexible n-silicon heterojunction photodetectors with high responsivity and detectivity are reported. These detectors show photo response in UV illumination and only in forward bias under visible illumination. The photocurrent of the device remains high even under bending strain.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
M. S. Sikandar Bathusha, Israr Ud Din, Rehan Umer, Kamran A. Khan
Summary: Graphene-based nanomaterials are used as embedded sensors to monitor fracture behavior in composite structures. This study investigates the in-situ crack propagation and fracture behavior in a glass fiber reinforced polymer composite using embedded reduced graphene oxide coated fabrics and highly conductive graphene nanoplatelet paper.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2024)
