Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaoyuan Zhang, Xiaofei Dong, Shirong Wang, Hongli Liu, Wenping Hu, Xianggao Li
Summary: The self-powered photodetector driven by ferroelectric polarization based on CH3NH3PbI3 single crystal (100) plane demonstrates high Curie temperature and excellent detection performance, showing potential for broad photoelectricity applications.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Zareen Zaidi, Katherine S. McOwen, Dorene F. Balmer, Daniel J. Schumacher, Javeed Sukhera, Meredith Young, Yoon Soo Park
Summary: This year marks the 60th anniversary of Research in Medical Education (RIME), which selects and publishes medical education research presented at the Association of American Medical Colleges Annual Meeting. Past RIME chairs highlighted advancements in research rigor and impact, as well as the importance of promoting qualitative research and networking for career advancement. Suggestions for future directions include strengthening collaborations with advanced degree programs, establishing mentorship channels, and promoting research on knowledge translation.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen, Jens J. Holst, Alan D. Cherrington, Brian Finan, Lise Lotte Gluud, E. Danielle Dean, Jonathan E. Campbell, Stephen R. Bloom, Tricia M. -M. Tan, Filip K. Knop, Timo D. Mueller
Summary: This review summarizes the experiences and future directions of glucagon biology and glucagon-based therapies since its discovery in 1922. Glucagon plays a critical role in diabetes, with its glucose-raising properties being utilized to restore hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes. The relationship between glucagon and hepatic metabolism has been explored, leading to the concept of "glucagon resistance" in diabetes and fatty liver diseases. Emerging glucagon-based therapies show promise in weight loss and fatty liver diseases, motivating further research in glucagon biology.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sara Reardon
Summary: Assisting with grant applications, ensuring compliance, and coordinating with funders are all integral parts of the job.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Maziar Divangahi, Babak Javid, Eva Kaufmann
Summary: Analysis of antibody responses in BCG intravenous vaccination against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in non-human primates suggests a potential protective role for IgM antibodies.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
David Russell-Jones, Zosanglura Bawlchhim
Summary: The discovery of insulin and subsequent research have revolutionized the field of medicine, leading to a profound understanding of this protein. This advancement has provided more treatment options for individuals with diabetes and is likely to reduce the burden of this disease on both individuals and society as a whole.
POSTGRADUATE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Roger I. I. Tanner
Summary: This note discusses the author's interaction with Professor Hanswalter Giesekus and his rheological work.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Morris F. White, C. Ronald Kahn
Summary: The discovery and application of insulin marked a major turning point in medical history, playing a crucial role in blood glucose regulation and the treatment of diseases like diabetes.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chao Xin, Bingqian Song, Yaohui Yin, Ai Wang, Zhixin Sun, Guangyong Jin, Yongli Song, Feng Pan
Summary: In this study, a novel mechanism was proposed to achieve two-dimensional monolayer multiferroic materials by inducing an out-of-plane electric polarization through non-equilibrium charge disproportionation in a Mo2NCl2 monolayer. This material exhibits a high magnetic critical temperature and the magnetic properties and electric behavior can be controlled by an external electric field.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
James Cantley, Vincent Poitout, Rebecca L. Hull-Meichle
Summary: The year 2023 marks the 100th anniversary of the first report on glucagon, a hyperglycemic factor in pancreatic extracts. Glucagon has profound effects on metabolism and its dysregulation is a key feature of both major forms of diabetes. Understanding of glucagon production and its biological effects has lagged behind that of insulin, but recent research has led to significant developments. This collection of articles aims to capture the current understanding of glucagon and stimulate further research on this important hormone. Evaluating: 8/10.
JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Honglie Ning, Omar Mehio, Xinwei Li, Michael Buchhold, Mathias Driesse, Hengdi Zhao, Gang Cao, David Hsieh
Summary: Ultrafast laser excitation can reveal hidden ordered electronic states. We demonstrate a method to induce a dynamical transition from an allowed to a forbidden state by exciting a phonon strongly coupled to the order parameter. Anomalies in temperature, pump excitation fluence, and probe photon energy of the strongly coupled phonon manifest the dynamical transition.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wenzhe Zhou, Jianyong Chen, Bei Zhang, Haiming Duan, Fangping Ouyang
Summary: This study investigates the Rashba spin-orbit coupling of distorted 1T-phase Janus monolayer WSSe, revealing that the dynamic instability can be eliminated by applying compressive strain, and the coupling strength can be manipulated by applying biaxial strain. The charge transfer and atomic orbital compositions play a role in determining the coupling strength of different electronic states.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Xiu-Ni Hua, Zhuoer Cai, Xian Shi, Xiang Zhang, Yinan Zhang, Jian Chen, Ping-Ping Shi, Hai-Bao Duan
Summary: This paper reports on a hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite material with structural transformation, which undergoes a dehydration-induced transformation to a novel noncentrosymmetric perovskite structure. The material exhibits multiple optoelectronic switching behaviors and can undergo structural phase transitions at specific temperatures, resulting in switchable second harmonic generation and a dual dielectric response. Additionally, the material also exhibits blue-light luminescence.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Christoph Lange, Peter Aaby, Marcel A. Behr, Peter R. Donald, Stefan H. E. Kaufmann, Mihai G. Netea, Anna M. Mandalakas
Summary: The BCG vaccine, initially designed for cattle, has saved many lives since its first administration to a newborn in Paris in 1921. While providing strong protection against miliary and meningeal tuberculosis in children, it is less effective in preventing pulmonary tuberculosis in adults. It has also shown non-specific benefits against non-tuberculous infections and immunotherapeutic benefits in certain cancers.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Arnaud Bellec, Mamadou Dia Sow, Caroline Pont, Peter Civan, Emile Mardoc, Wandrille Duchemin, David Armisen, Cecile Huneau, Johanne Thevenin, Vanessa Vernoud, Nathalie Depege-Fargeix, Laurent Maunas, Brigitte Escale, Bertrand Dubreucq, Peter Rogowsky, Helene Berges, Jerome Salse
Summary: This study compares the genomic data of ten grass species to uncover the structural and regulatory mechanisms of genome plasticity, revealing the possible attributes of long-term evolution and adaptation in plants. Polyploidy is closely tied to the evolutionary success of grasses over the past 100 million years, although it is challenging to attribute this success to specific genomic consequences of polyploidization, suggesting that polyploids utilize the potential of genome duplication in lineage-specific ways. Overall, this study demonstrates that post-polyploidization reprogramming is more complex than previously reported, calling for a critical and comprehensive comparison of independently polyploidized lineages.
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
C. M. Fernandez-Posada, C. Cochard, J. M. Gregg, R. W. Whatmore, M. A. Carpenter
Summary: Domain walls in Cu-Cl boracite develop due to improper ferroelastic and ferroelectric transitions. The phase transition and its dynamic properties were analyzed from the perspective of strain and elasticity, revealing the presence of dynamic microdomains in the orthorhombic structure and high acoustic loss in the cubic phase. Additionally, a Debye loss peak and elastic stiffening indicate freezing of defects or a more intrinsic freezing process at around 40K.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Taewon Min, Wooseon Choi, Jinsol Seo, Gyeongtak Han, Kyung Song, Sangwoo Ryu, Hyungwoo Lee, Jungwoo Lee, Kitae Eom, Chang-Beom Eom, Hu Young Jeong, Young-Min Kim, Jaekwang Lee, Sang Ho Oh
Summary: Polarity discontinuity in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) heterostructures induces the formation of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) and structural distortions involving antiferrodistortive (AFD) rotation and ferroelectric (FE) distortion. AFD and FE modes are cooperatively coupled below the critical thickness in LAO/STO (111) heterostructures, disappearing simultaneously above the critical thickness with the formation of 2DEG. Oxygen vacancy (VO) formation at the LAO (111) surface acts as the source of 2DEG, with the evolution of AFD rotation and FE distortion strongly correlated with VO distribution. This study demonstrates the emergence of AFD and FE modes in oxide heterostructures as a result of the interplay between misfit strain and polar field, with their coupling being tunable by changing the interface orientation.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kitae Eom, Hanjong Paik, Jinsol Seo, Neil Campbell, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, Sang Ho Oh, Mark S. Rzchowski, Darrell G. Schlom, Chang-Beom Eom
Summary: This study reports the formation of 2-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs) with high mobility at room temperature at the LaScO3/BaSnO3 interface. By reducing the dislocation density and obtaining an atomically flat surface through specific treatment methods, an order of magnitude higher mobility at room temperature than previously achieved is achieved. This work opens up new possibilities for exploring the exciting physics of stannate-based 2DEGs at temperatures relevant to applications in oxide nanoelectronics.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sunwoo Lee, Jaeyoung Jeon, Kitae Eom, Chaehwa Jeong, Yongsoo Yang, Ji-Yong Park, Chang-Beom Eom, Hyungwoo Lee
Summary: In this study, a resistive switching device based on Pt/LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (Pt/LAO/STO) heterostructures is demonstrated, suitable for multi-level memristive applications. By redistributing surface oxygen vacancies, multiple and tunable conductance states (over 27) are achieved in a non-volatile manner. Additionally, the proposed variance-aware weight quantization (VAQ) method effectively reduces state overlap issues and improves computing accuracy.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
S. Ryu, H. Zhou, T. R. Paudel, N. Campbell, J. Podkaminer, C. W. Bark, T. Hernandez, D. D. Fong, Y. Zhang, L. Xie, X. Q. Pan, E. Y. Tsymbal, M. S. Rzchowski, C. B. Eom
Summary: Atomic flat (111) interfaces between insulating perovskite oxides provide a landscape for new electronic phenomena, such as graphene-like coordination between interfacial metallic ion layer pairs leading to topologically protected states. In this study, epitaxial heterostructures of (111)-oriented LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) were investigated, and it was found that the LAO overlayer eliminates the structural reconstruction of the STO (111) surface through an electronic reconstruction, determining the properties of the resulting two-dimensional conducting gas.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jung-Woo Lee, Jiyeong Kim, Kitae Eom, Jaeyoung Jeon, Young Chul Kim, Hwan Sik Kim, Yeong Hwan Ahn, Sungkyu Kim, Chang-Beom Eom, Hyungwoo Lee
Summary: This study reports strong interfacial charge trapping in ultrathin SrRuO3 (SRO) films on SrTiO3 (STO) substrates. The presence of oxygen vacancies in STO leads to stochastic interfacial charge trapping and high electrical noise. Spectral analyses of photoinduced noise demonstrate the effective contribution of buried oxygen vacancies in STO to the charge trapping process. These findings elucidate the dominant mechanism of electron transport in ultrathin SRO films.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Brenton A. Noesges, Daesu Lee, Jung-Woo Lee, Chang-Beom Eom, Leonard J. Brillson
Summary: This study investigates the interplay of defects and electronic structure at the interfaces of SrxTiO3/SrTiO3 films. Understanding and controlling these defects are crucial for enhancing the performance of oxide devices.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
L. Luo, M. Mootz, J. H. Kang, C. Huang, K. Eom, J. W. Lee, C. Vaswani, Y. G. Collantes, E. E. Hellstrom, I. E. Perakis, C. B. Eom, J. Wang
Summary: The coupling between superconductors and oscillation cycles of light pulses, known as lightwave engineering, remains poorly understood due to the lack of measurements of high-order correlation functions. This study reports the discovery of parametrically driven superconductivity in iron-based superconductors induced by light-induced order-parameter collective oscillations. By separating the terahertz-frequency multidimensional coherent spectra, we measured non-perturbative, high-order correlations and found that the breakdown of susceptibility perturbative expansion occurs in this parametric quantum matter.
Article
Physics, Applied
Roger W. Whatmore, Samuel J. Ward
Summary: This article reviews physical models that can accurately predict the performance of different types of PIRDs and discusses the properties and potential applications of various pyroelectric materials. It emphasizes the importance of full-frequency dielectric data for accurate predictions and suggests that factors such as temperature stability, uniformity, and ease-of-processing are crucial in determining material utility. The article also compares new lead-free materials with the industry-standard material, LiTaO3, and finds that they do not yet offer a competitive performance for mm-scale detectors.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qing Guo, Jianan Li, Hyungwoo Lee, Jung-Woo Lee, Yuhe Tang, Muqing Yu, Yang Hu, Chang-Beom Eom, Patrick Irvin, Jeremy Levy
Summary: This study investigates the frictional drag between graphene and LAO/STO heterostructures and demonstrates pronounced fluctuations in frictional drag resistance in the superconducting region, as well as stripelike oscillations in the quantum Hall region.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sun Myoung Kim, Ga Yeon Song, Aeri Shim, Jee Hyung Lee, Cheol Bin Eom, Cheng Liu, Yoon Mee Yang, Ekihiro Seki
Summary: Liver fibrosis is a disease characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition during wound healing after repeated liver injury. Recent research has identified hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) as a driver of liver fibrosis and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. This study reveals that miR-200c negatively regulates HAS2 and contributes to the development of acute liver injury and chronic liver inflammation. Additionally, hyaluronidase-2 (HYAL2) is found to be overexpressed in fibrotic livers, which indicates its potential involvement in liver fibrosis.
EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Krystian Roleder, Andrzej Majchrowski, Iwona Lazar, Roger W. Whatmore, A. Mike Glazer, Dariusz Kajewski, Janusz Koperski, Andrzej Soszynski
Summary: The origin of the strong piezoelectric phenomenon in PZT perovskites is still not fully understood. Studies have shown that the enhancement of the piezoelectric properties in this material is related to a change in the distribution of domains with monoclinic symmetry, which are easily polarized and rotated under the action of an electric field.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jong-Hoon Kang, Philip J. Ryan, Jong-Woo Kim, Jonathon Schad, Jacob P. Podkaminer, Neil Campbell, Joseph Suttle, Tae Heon Kim, Liang Luo, Di Cheng, Yesusa G. Collantes, Eric E. Hellstrom, Jigang Wang, Robert McDermott, Mark S. Rzchowski, Chang-Beom Eom
Summary: This study demonstrates a systematic approach to manipulate local structural configurations in iron-based superconductor thin films. By controlling two independent structural factors, researchers were able to change superconductivity, control structural phase transitions, magnetism, and superconductivity. This method contributes to the development of tunable thin film superconductors.
ACS APPLIED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
J. Makita, C. Sundahl, G. Ciovati, C. B. Eom, A. Gurevich
Summary: In this study, the nonlinear Meissner effect (NLME) in Nb3Sn thin-film coplanar resonators was investigated by measuring the resonance frequency as a function of a parallel magnetic field at different temperatures. The results showed that the presence of weak linked grain boundaries in the polycrystalline Nb3Sn films can mimic the NLME expected in a clean d-wave superconductor.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
N. Pellatz, S. Roy, J-W Lee, J. L. Schad, H. Kandel, N. Arndt, C. B. Eom, A. F. Kemper, D. Reznik
Summary: Time-resolved measurements provide a new way to unravel complex interactions in quantum materials, as demonstrated in our study using pump-probe Raman scattering to investigate apical oxygen vibration in YBa2Cu3O6+x. The time dependence of the phonon population showed strong electron-phonon coupling, and the phonon energy shift to a higher level due to transient smearing of the Fermi surface, in agreement with theoretical predictions. Insights into photoinduced superconductivity reported at lower doping can be drawn from these results.
