Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anita Singh, Virginia Orozco, Sriram Balasubramanian
Summary: This study used a neonatal piglet animal model to investigate the biomechanical properties of the neonatal brachial plexus complex when subjected to stretch. The findings revealed that the maximum load at the musculocutaneous level was significantly lower than at the median and radial levels, while there were no differences in strains at failure. Histological studies also indicated structural damage to the nerve fibers and blood vessels caused by stretch.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Carmen M. Avram, Bharti Garg, Ashley E. Skeith, Aaron B. Caughey
Summary: This study found that maternal pre-pregnancy BMI is associated with an increased risk of BPP in both vaginal deliveries with and without shoulder dystocia. Interventions targeting weight management before conception may help reduce BPP risk in all deliveries.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Leena M. Narendran, Hector Mendez-Figueroa, Suneet P. Chauhan, Kendra L. Folh, William A. Grobman, Kate Chang, Lynda Yang, Sean C. Blackwell
Summary: The study identified diabetes as a factor associated with neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP) before delivery, and factors like birthweight, seeking help during shoulder dystocia (SD), and duration of SD after delivery. These factors, however, do not reliably predict which neonates will experience NBPP after SD.
JOURNAL OF MATERNAL-FETAL & NEONATAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Anatomy & Morphology
Donald C. Dunbar, Joel A. Vilensky, Carlos A. Suarez-Quian, Peter Yi Shen, Jean-Paul Metaizeau, Nucharin Supakul
Summary: The inherent anatomy of the neonate and the uniquely-shaped maternal birth canal are risk factors for neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP), with legal liability often based on the amount of lateral traction applied to the neck during delivery in cases of permanent NBPP. Factors such as the large head: body ratio in neonates and the complex rotations required to traverse the birth canal due to bipedal posture changes are also highlighted.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alicia E. Hersey, Stephen M. Wagner, Megha Gupta, Kate Chang, Lynda Yang, Suneet P. Chauhan
Summary: This study aimed to assess the validity of using ICD-9/10 codes to identify patients with shoulder dystocia (SD) and concurrent neonatal brachial plexus palsy (NBPP). The results showed that using ICD-9/10 codes undercounted the true incidence of NBPP, especially for milder forms.
PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Marja Kaijomaa, Mika Gissler, Outi Ayras, Assi Sten, Petra Grahn
Summary: The study shows that shoulder dystocia simulation training can significantly improve the management of shoulder dystocia and reduce the incidence of permanent brachial plexus birth injury. After the implementation of the training, there was an increase in the successful delivery of the posterior arm and a 55% decrease in the number of children with permanent brachial plexus birth injury.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Unai Jambrina-Abasolo, Dragos Hutanu, Diego Gonzalez-Morgado, Ferran Blasco-Casado, Juliana Rojas-Neira, Francisco Soldado
Summary: Impairment of shoulder extension and behind-the-back function is common in patients with residual neonatal brachial plexus injury. This study found that both passive glenohumeral extension (PGE) and active shoulder extension (ASE) angles can be reliably measured with a clinical exam, and at least 10 degrees of extension is necessary to perform the hand-to-spine Mallet task.
JOURNAL OF SHOULDER AND ELBOW SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Neha Antil, Yehia ElGuindy, Amelie M. Lutz
Summary: The study evaluated 701 routine shoulder MRI studies and found 4.85% of cases demonstrated abnormal findings of the distal brachial plexus cords or branches and/or musculature. 35.3% of these abnormal findings were not mentioned in the exam reports, mainly missing subtle nerve abnormalities.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
Tugrul Ergun, Sevcan Sarikaya
Summary: This study examined the clinical relationship between the morphology of clavicle fractures in newborns during delivery and brachial plexus injuries (BPIs). The results showed a significant correlation between spiral and oblique fractures and the development of BPI.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ORTHOPAEDICS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Haijun Li, Jinxiu Chen, Juehan Wang, Tianfang Zhang, Zuobing Chen
Summary: Brachial plexus injury (BPI) is a serious peripheral nerve injury that leads to severe and persistent impairments of the upper limb. The demand for rehabilitation treatment after BPI is increasing due to the relatively mature early diagnosis and surgical technique. Rehabilitation intervention can benefit different stages of recovery, but the treatment methods vary due to the complexity of the brachial plexus. This article explores the potential contributions of various methods to BPI rehabilitation and provides a concise overview of beneficial interventions, forming clear rehabilitation processes based on different periods and populations.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Ruby Gupta, Erwin T. Cabacungan
Summary: The study found that the prevalence rate of neonatal birth trauma in the US has been increasing annually, mainly due to scalp injuries. While scalp injuries constitute a majority of birth traumas, major birth trauma still poses a significant health burden.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Review
Biophysics
Virginia Orozco, Rachel Magee, Sriram Balasubramanian, Anita Singh
Summary: Brachial plexus birth injury has an incidence rate of 1 to 4 per 1000 live births, often caused by factors such as over-stretching or avulsion. Understanding biomechanical responses can guide the development of preventative measures to reduce the occurrence of these injuries.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICAL ENGINEERING-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qingnian Goh, Sia Nikolaou, Kritton Shay-Winkler, Marianne E. Emmert, Roger Cornwall
Summary: The study found that temporary proteasome inhibition during neonatal development is not sufficient to prevent limb contractures long term, and the effectiveness of proteasome inhibition decreases after the neonatal period. Neonatal denervation causes a permanent longitudinal growth deficiency that must be continuously ameliorated during skeletal growth.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Bineta Diack, Fabrice Pierre, Bertrand Gachon
Summary: In cases of shoulder dystocia, fetal manipulation is associated with an increased risk of obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI), but does not significantly affect severe neonatal morbidity. Maternal age over 35 and fetal manipulation appear to be associated with the occurrence of OASI.
ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Sonja M. Buitenhuis, Willem Pondaag, Ron Wolterbeek, Martijn J. A. Malessy
Summary: The study aimed to investigate factors causing impaired hand function in children with upper Neonatal Brachial Plexus Palsy (NBPP) by analyzing tactile hand sensibility, particularly the ability to correctly localize sensory stimulus on their fingers. Compared to healthy controls, children with NBPP showed significantly diminished ability to localize stimuli on their fingertips, except for the little finger. This finding is likely one of the factors contributing to hand function impairment and should be addressed through sensory focused therapy.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
