Article
Food Science & Technology
Sam Hobson, Henriette de Loor, Karolina Kublickiene, Joachim Beige, Pieter Evenepoel, Peter Stenvinkel, Thomas Ebert
Summary: Patients with kidney failure have a high incidence of cardiovascular disease, partly due to insufficient clearance of uremic toxins. A study found significant inverse associations between lipid profile and different uremic toxins, highlighting the complexity of the uremic milieu.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Colin R. Lickwar, James M. Davison, Cecelia Kelly, Gilberto Padilla Mercado, Jia Wen, Briana R. Davis, Matthew C. Tillman, Ivana Semova, Sarah F. Andres, Goncalo Vale, Jeffrey G. McDonald, John F. Rawls
Summary: This study reveals that the combination of microbiota and high-fat diet may suppress the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha, leading to the preferential activation of intestinal epithelial cell proliferation programs, which in turn affects intestinal lipid absorption, epithelial cell renewal, and systemic energy balance.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Lama Nazzal, Leland Soiefer, Michelle Chang, Farah Tamizuddin, Daria Schatoff, Lucas Cofer, Maria E. Aguero-Rosenfeld, Albert Matalon, Bjorn Meijers, Robert Holzman, Jerome Lowenstein
Summary: The study demonstrated that suppressing the microbiome with vancomycin led to changes in multiple gut-derived uremic solutes, but the recovery of solutes varied significantly among subjects.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emilie Steinbach, Davide Masi, Agnes Ribeiro, Patricia Serradas, Tiphaine Le Roy, Karine Clement
Summary: The study of the gut microbiome is crucial for understanding and treating metabolic diseases. While research on the fecal microbiome has provided valuable insights, relying solely on this may not be enough to draw comprehensive conclusions. The microbiome in the proximal part of the small intestine may play a significant role in metabolic regulation, but further exploration is needed due to limited accessibility.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2024)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Renate A. A. A. Ruigrok, Rinse K. Weersma, Arnau Vich Vila
Summary: The review highlights the importance of studying the microbial communities in the small intestine, which has been largely overlooked compared to the fecal microbiota. It provides an overview of methods for studying the composition and dynamics of the small intestinal microbiota and discusses its role in maintaining physiological functions and the development of diseases. Understanding and characterizing the small intestinal microbiota has the potential to advance gut microbiome research and the development of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for diseases.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mary Seeman
Summary: The review examines the potential role of intestinal organisms in response/non-response to antipsychotics, highlighting that current research in this area is mostly theoretical but showing increasing evidence from animal experiments and clinical trials on the impact of gut bacteria on drug response.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hannelore Daniel
Summary: The quantity and quality of the intestinal and fecal microbiome vary greatly between individuals and are affected by numerous intrinsic and environmental factors. While diet does have an effect, other individual factors such as gender, age, BMI, as well as plasma lipids and blood pressure, are more strongly associated with microbiome diversity. Additionally, gastrointestinal functions, particularly the intestinal/colonic transit time, play a critical role in influencing the microbiome. Metabolic and neurological diseases are often accompanied by changes in intestinal transit time and may contribute to alterations in gut microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Review
Pathology
Joseph C. Sedlak, Omer H. Yilmaz, Jatin Roper
Summary: Reprogrammed metabolism is a key characteristic of colorectal cancer (CRC). Intestinal stem cells (ISCs), the main origin cells for CRC, need to adapt their metabolism in response to the unique microenvironment, including interactions with various cells and dietary factors. Modifiable risk factors related to the environment, such as diet, play an important role in CRC pathogenesis. Understanding the mechanistic links between environmental factors, metabolic adaptations, and the tumor microenvironment has potential for improved CRC prevention and treatment.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PATHOLOGY-MECHANISMS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thomas Guerbette, Gaelle Boudry, Annaig Lan
Summary: Systemic low-grade inflammation in diet-induced obesity is associated with dysbiosis and disturbance of intestinal homeostasis, potentially due to impaired IEC mitochondrial function. HFD consumption may affect IEC mitochondrial function through gut-derived metabolite production and fatty acids, leading to altered homeostasis in the small intestine and colon.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thomas Guerbette, Gaelle Boudry, Annaig Lan
Summary: This review discusses the impact of high-fat diet on mitochondrial function in intestinal epithelial cells and its role in regulating intestinal homeostasis. The findings suggest that high-fat diet may disrupt intestinal epithelial barrier, dysbiosis, and loss of epithelial homeostasis through its effects on mitochondrial function.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Patricia L. Brubaker, Alexandre Martchenko
Summary: The interactions between peripheral tissues are crucial for maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Positive and negative feedback signals between these tissues regulate nutrient metabolism and prevent metabolic disease.
Article
Cell Biology
Takashi Nakanishi, Hirokazu Fukui, Xuan Wang, Shin Nishiumi, Haruka Yokota, Yutaka Makizaki, Yoshiki Tanaka, Hiroshi Ohno, Toshihiko Tomita, Tadayuki Oshima, Hiroto Miwa
Summary: High-fat diet-induced dysbiosis in the small intestine leads to pathological changes in the luminal environment, disruption of small-intestinal mucosal integrity, and minimal inflammation in the gut-liver axis, ultimately resulting in the development of steatohepatitis in mice.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kirsten Berding, Thomaz F. S. Bastiaanssen, Gerard M. Moloney, Serena Boscaini, Conall R. Strain, Andrea Anesi, Caitriona Long-Smith, Fulvio Mattivi, Catherine Stanton, Gerard Clarke, Timothy G. Dinan, John F. Cryan
Summary: This study investigated the impact of a psychobiotic diet on the microbial profile and mental health in a healthy population. The results showed that the psychobiotic diet reduced perceived stress and improved stress levels, although it only had subtle effects on microbial composition and function. In addition, higher adherence to the diet was associated with greater decreases in perceived stress.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christopher Yip, Naomi C. Okada, Amber Howerton, Amei Amei, Ernesto Abel-Santos
Summary: The synthetic bile salt CamSA shows potential in preventing Clostridioides difficile infections, offering multi-day protection with a single dose in mice. Its pharmacokinetic properties suggest limited systemic absorption and a slow-release mechanism through cycling between the liver and intestines. This unique pattern of protection may be attributed to CamSA's stability in the gut of antibiotic-treated mice and degradation by the microbiota in non-antibiotic treated animals.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yasutoshi Akiyama, Koichi Kikuchi, Takafumi Toyohara, Eikan Mishima, Chitose Suzuki, Takehiro Suzuki, Masaaki Nakayama, Yoshihisa Tomioka, Tomoyoshi Soga, Takaaki Abe
Summary: Uremic toxins are suggested to play a role in the pathophysiology of hemodialysis (HD) patients. A comprehensive analysis using capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry (CE-MS) identified specific uremic solutes that accumulate or are lost in HD patients compared to non-HD chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. These findings suggest a unique profile of serum uremic solutes in HD patients that may contribute to their pathophysiology.
Article
Surgery
Coby Eelderink, Daan Kremer, Ineke J. Riphagen, Tim J. Knobbe, Leon J. Schurgers, Andreas Pasch, D. J. Mulder, Eva Corpeleijn, Gerjan Navis, Stephan. J. L. Bakker, Martin H. de Borst, Charlotte A. te Velde-Keyzer
Summary: In this trial, vitamin K supplementation did not affect serum calcification propensity but prevented the progression of arterial stiffness, and it significantly improved vitamin K status.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Giorgina Barbara Piccoli, Tommy Cederholm, Carla Maria Avesani, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Vincenzo Bellizzi, Cristina Cuerda, Adamasco Cupisti, Alice Sabatino, Stephane Schneider, Massimo Torreggiani, Denis Fouque, Juan Jesus Carrero, Rocco Barazzoni
Summary: Increased life expectancy presents significant challenges to healthcare systems globally, including the rise in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and malnutrition-protein-energy wasting (PEW) in older adults, leading to poor clinical outcomes. A critical review paper by ESPEN and ERN-ERA aims to summarize key concepts in preventing and treating CKD progression and impaired nutritional status, and provide guidance on defining optimal protein and energy intake in varying CKD severity. Careful assessment and individualized approach are necessary, considering malnutrition-PEW status, kidney function, and patient preferences. Greater awareness and research are needed to improve nutritional care for this growing patient subgroup.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Navin Suthahar, Kan Wang, Victor W. Zwartkruis, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Silvio E. Inzucchi, Tim R. Eijgenraam, Fariba Ahmadizar, Eric G. Sijbrands, Ron T. Gansevoort, Lyanne M. Kieneker, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Maryam Kavousi, Rudolf A. de Boer
Summary: Relative fat mass (RFM), a novel anthropometric equation based on height and waist measurements, is strongly associated with incident type-2 diabetes (T2D) and shows potential as a predictor of future diabetes risk in the general population, outperforming BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Mara Lauriola, Ricard Farre, Pieter Evenepoel, Saskia Adriana Overbeek, Bjorn Meijers
Summary: Patients with CKD have a higher cardiovascular risk than the general population due to the accumulation of uremic toxins. Protein-bound uremic toxins originate from various sources and are difficult to remove with conventional therapies. Diet plays an important role in uremic toxicity, with most toxins derived from the gut. This review summarizes the sources of uremic toxins in foods and discusses their metabolism and potential dietary strategies for reducing their plasma levels.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pien Rawee, Daan Kremer, Ilja M. M. Nolte, Henri G. D. Leuvenink, Daan J. J. Touw, Martin H. H. De Borst, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Mark R. R. Hanudel, Michele F. F. Eisenga
Summary: Heavy metal exposure has been linked to an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its progression. Iron deficiency, another common problem in CKD patients, is hypothesized to play a crucial role in the damaging effects of heavy metal exposure. Iron receptors upregulated by iron deficiency may lead to increased uptake of heavy metals in the intestine, while iron deficiency may also contribute to the retention of heavy metals in the kidney. Iron supplementation might be a strategy to combat these detrimental processes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Navin Suthahar, Dongyu Wang, Joseph Pierre Aboumsallem, Canxia Shi, Sanne de Wit, Elizabeth E. Liu, Emily S. Lau, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Ron. T. Gansevoort, Bert van der Vegt, Manol Jovani, Bernard E. Kreger, Greta Lee Splansky, Emelia J. Benjamin, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Martin G. Larson, Daniel Levy, Jennifer E. Ho, Rudolf A. de Boer
Summary: This study evaluated the value of serial CRP measurements in predicting the risk of CVD, cancer, and mortality. The results showed that both baseline CRP levels and subsequent increases in CRP were associated with future CVD, cancer, and mortality.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
Tamas Szili-Torok, Daan Kremer, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Uwe J. F. Tietge, Martin H. de Borst
NATURE REVIEWS NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arno R. Bourgonje, Amaal E. Abdulle, Martin F. Bourgonje, Lyanne M. Kieneker, Sacha la Bastide-van Gemert, Sanne J. Gordijn, Clara Hidden, Tom Nilsen, Ron T. Gansevoort, Douwe J. Mulder, Robin P. F. Dullaart, Martin H. de Borst, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Harry van Goor
Summary: Circulating levels of NGAL are associated with acute kidney injury, severity and progression of CKD. This study investigated NGAL as a potential biomarker for new-onset CKD and found that higher plasma NGAL concentrations are associated with an increased risk of developing CKD in the general population, mainly driven by renal function decline.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Camila Trillos-Almanza, Hanna Wessel, Magnolia Martinez-Aguilar, Eline H. van den Berg, Rianne M. Douwes, Han Moshage, Margery A. Connelly, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Vincent E. de Meijer, Robin P. F. Dullaart, Hans Blokzijl
Summary: Decreased circulating BCAA levels in end-stage liver disease (ESLD) patients are associated with disease severity and impaired muscle function. These findings suggest that BCAA may serve as a useful prognostic marker for assessing liver disease severity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuela Yepes-Calderon, Daan Kremer, Adrian Post, Camilo G. G. Sotomayor, Ulrike Seidel, Patricia Huebbe, Tim J. J. Knobbe, Kai Lueersen, Michele F. F. Eisenga, Eva Corpeleijn, Martin H. H. De Borst, Gerjan J. J. Navis, Gerald Rimbach, Stephan J. L. Bakker
Summary: A study found that kidney transplant recipients have an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. It also revealed an association between post-transplantation copper status and the risk of cardiovascular mortality, with a potential effect modification by sex. Among male recipients, higher plasma copper concentration was independently associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality, while this association was absent among female recipients.
Editorial Material
Urology & Nephrology
Thomas Demuynck, Alexander Wilmer, Bjorn Meijers
CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Transplantation
Dion Groothof, Naser B. N. Shehab, Adrian Post, Reinold O. B. Gans, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Nicole S. Erler
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Evelien E. Quint, Avril J. Haanstra, Yvonne van der Veen, Heleen Maring, Stefan P. Berger, Adelita Ranchor, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Evelyn Finnema, Robert A. Pol, Coby Annema, PreCareTx Investigators
Summary: The study aims to examine the effectiveness of a multimodal prehabilitation programme on the health status of kidney transplant candidates, and to explore the potential of implementing prehabilitation in daily clinical practice. The study will be conducted as a randomized controlled trial, with participants assigned to either a prehabilitation group or a care as usual group. The results of the study will be disseminated at international conferences and in peer-reviewed journals.
Letter
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tamas Szili-Torok, Yuanxin Xu, Martin H. H. de Borst, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Uwe J. F. Tietge
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Francesco Merlo, Dion Groothof, Farnaz Khatami, Noushin Sadat Ahanchi, Faina Wehrli, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Michele F. Eisenga, Taulant Muka
Summary: The risk of chronic diseases increases with age and after menopause, potentially due to an increase in bodily iron. This study investigated how iron biomarkers change with age, sex, and menopausal status. The results showed that iron accumulates differently depending on sex, age, and menopausal status, with women, especially those in menopause, showing higher iron levels compared to men and premenopausal women.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
