Article
Clinical Neurology
Julika Pitsch, Karen M. J. van Loo, Marco Gallus, Andre Dik, Delara Kamalizade, Ann-Kathrin Baumgart, Vadym Gnatkovsky, Johannes Alexander Mueller, Thoralf Opitz, Gordon Hicking, Venu Narayanan Naik, Lydia Wachsmuth, Cornelius Faber, Rainer Surges, Christian Kurts, Susanne Schoch, Nico Melzer, Albert J. Becker
Summary: The study demonstrates that the attack of specific hippocampal neurons by CD8(+) T cells is sufficient to induce limbic encephalitis (LE) converting into temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with hippocampal sclerosis (HS), highlighting the major pathogenic role of CD8(+) T cells beyond neurotoxic effects.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kai-Feng Shen, Xiao-Lin Yang, Guo-Long Liu, Gang Zhu, Zhong-Ke Wang, Xian-Jun Shi, Ting-Ting Wang, Zhi-Feng Wu, Sheng-Qing Lv, Shi-Yong Liu, Hui Yang, Chun-Qing Zhang
Summary: The study revealed that ClC-mediated current was increased in the hippocampal neurons of chronic TLE mice. Application of chloride channel blockers NPPB and DIDS reduced the current and increased inhibitory synaptic transmission in TLE mice. These drugs also decreased seizure frequency and the average power of ictal high-frequency oscillations in TLE mice.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bahadar S. Srichawla
Summary: The limbic system plays a crucial role in memory generation, emotional responses, and regulating bodily functions. Dysfunction of the limbic system can be caused by various pathologies and can lead to diverse symptoms. This case study highlights the importance of recognizing and treating a rare autoimmune encephalitis and emphasizes the significance of thorough screening for associated conditions.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fatme Seval Ismail, Marianna Spatola, Friedrich G. Woermann, Stoyan Popkirov, Johannes Jungilligens, Christian G. Bien, Jorg Wellmer, Uwe Schlegel
Summary: In patients with temporal lobe seizures and additional signs of limbic involvement, 17% had neuronal antibodies confirming the diagnosis of ALE. Mediotemporal MRI changes were present in all antibody-positive cases and had a positive likelihood ratio of 2.11.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Antonia Harms, Tobias Bauer, Laura Fischbach, Bastian David, Leon Ernst, Juri-Alexander Witt, Kersten Diers, Tobias Baumgartner, Bernd Weber, Alexander Radbruch, Albert J. Becker, Christoph Helmstaedter, Martin Reuter, Christian E. Elger, Rainer Surges, Theodor Rueber
Summary: This study aimed to assess the value of shape description in the analysis of lesional and autoimmune temporal lobe epilepsy. The research found that shape asymmetry significantly improved the detection of morphometric changes and was associated with memory performance in autoimmune temporal lobe epilepsy, while shape description was redundant in lesional temporal lobe epilepsy.
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alexey I. Kuzmenkov, Andrei M. Gigolaev, Ernesto L. Pinheiro-Junior, Steve Peigneur, Jan Tytgat, Alexander A. Vassilevski
Summary: Previous studies have identified key amino acid residues in scorpion toxins that block potassium channels, particularly in the α-KTx family affecting voltage-gated potassium channels (KV). A conserved K-C-X-N motif is found in the C-terminal half of their sequence, with the X position usually occupied by methionine or isoleucine. Comparing the activity of peptides differing only by this residue on a panel of KV1 channels, it was found that toxins with methionine specifically affect KV1.1 and 1.6 isoforms. The refined K-C-M/I-N motif is the principal structural element of α-KTx that contributes to high affinity and selectivity to KV channels.
Article
Agronomy
Xiaoyi Huo, Haihao Ma, Hang Zhu, Jia Liu, Yong Zhou, Xiaomao Zhou, Zheming Liu
Summary: This study examined the expression profile and pharmacological properties of the Kv2 channel in Plutella xylostella. It identified several high potency inhibitors and provided insights into further research and designing novel insecticides.
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Atsushi Shiozaki, Tomoki Konishi, Toshiyuki Kosuga, Michihiro Kudou, Kento Kurashima, Hiroyuki Inoue, Katsutoshi Shoda, Tomohiro Arita, Hirotaka Konishi, Ryo Morimura, Shuhei Komatsu, Hisashi Ikoma, Atsushi Toma, Takeshi Kubota, Hitoshi Fujiwara, Kazuma Okamoto, Eigo Otsuji
Summary: The study identified the higher expression of ALDH1A1 in pancreatic cancer stem cells (PCSCs), along with their resistance to 5-fluorouracil and redifferentiation capacity. Additionally, the upregulation of ion channel gene expression, including voltage-gated potassium channels (Kv), was observed in PCSCs, and the Kv inhibitor 4-AP showed greater cytotoxicity in PCSCs compared to non-PCSCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lin-ming Zhang, Ling Chen, Yi-fei Zhao, Wei-mei Duan, Lian-mei Zhong, Ming-wei Liu
Summary: Potassium channel genes linked to temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) were identified using bioinformatic analysis. Protein-protein interaction and gene set enrichment analysis revealed their association with cation channel, respiratory chain, and oxidative phosphorylation. mRNA-transcription factor and ceRNA networks revealed their interactions with transcription factors and non-coding RNAs. Drug targeting analysis suggested the potential therapeutic relevance of these genes. Overall, this study provides important gene information for understanding and treating TLE.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Iman McKeon-Makki, Andrew McKeon, Binxia Yang, Sean J. Pittock, Sebastian Lopez-Chiriboga, Lars Komorowski, Ramona Miske, Anastasia Zekeridou
Summary: AK5 antibodies are biomarkers of a non-paraneoplastic, autoimmune limbic encephalitis that poorly responds to immunotherapy. We identified 6 patients with the same CSF antibody staining and confirmed AK5 as the antigen. Patients presented with clinical symptoms of limbic encephalitis, inflammatory CSF, and mesiotemporal lobe abnormalities on brain MRI. Despite immunotherapy, only one patient showed minimal improvement while all others had severe memory deficits.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Victoria Gonzalez Sabater, Mark Rigby, Juan Burrone
Summary: In this study, the initiation and propagation of action potentials (APs) along the axon were investigated using genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) in dissociated hippocampal neurons from rat embryos. It was found that APs became sharper and exhibited greater fidelity as they traveled towards distal axonal domains. Blocking voltage-gated potassium channels (K-v) resulted in an increase in AP width, especially in distal locations, suggesting that higher levels of Kv channel activity in distal axons contribute to maintaining AP fidelity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yangmei Li, Chao Chang, Zhi Zhu, Lan Sun, Chunhai Fan
Summary: The dysfunction of voltage-gated calcium channels leading to a deficiency in Ca2+ fluxes is associated with calcium channelopathies such as epilepsy and periodic paralysis. By using resonant terahertz waves, researchers have demonstrated enhanced selectivity and conductance of Ca2+, potentially offering therapeutic interventions in correcting calcium channel deficiencies and inducing apoptosis in tumor cells.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Danish Nabi, Mian Ayaz-Ul-Haq, Mehtab Alam, Saqib Ali, Shoaib Ismail, Amjad Lqbal
Summary: Autoimmune limbic encephalitis is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation of the limbic system of the brain, leading to cognitive impairment, memory loss, and seizures. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for better outcomes and prognosis in patients with this condition.
JCPSP-JOURNAL OF THE COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS AND SURGEONS PAKISTAN
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xin Wu, Liang Hong
Summary: Calmodulin (CaM) is a small protein that serves as a ubiquitous signal transducer, regulating neuronal plasticity, muscle contraction, and immune response. It interacts with ion channels and plays regulatory roles in cellular electrophysiology. Mutations in CaM-binding IQ domain can lead to various diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rym ElFessi, Oussema Khamessi, Najet Srairi-Abid, Jean-Marc Sabatier, Jan Tytgat, Steve Peigneur, Riadh Kharrat
Summary: Bot33 is a new short polypeptide purified from the venom of Buthus occitanus tunetanus scorpion. It has potential therapeutic effects and displays a different mode of action on ion channels compared to other scorpion toxins, which is worth further exploration.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Neshika Samarasekera, Christine Lerpiniere, Arthur F. Fonville, Andrew J. Farrall, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Philip M. White, Antonia Torgersen, James W. Ironside, Colin Smith, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman
Article
Clinical Neurology
Neshika Samarasekera, Arthur Fonville, Christine Lerpiniere, Andrew J. Farrall, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Philip M. White, Colin Smith, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman
Letter
Clinical Neurology
P. Foley, A. Lawler, S. Chandran, G. Mead
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2014)
Review
Neuroimaging
D. Seixas, P. Foley, J. Palace, D. Lima, I. Ramos, I. Tracey
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2014)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Maria Stavrou, Jing Ming Yeo, Alexander David Slater, Oliver Koch, Sarosh Irani, Peter Foley
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mark A. Rodrigues, Neshika E. Samarasekera, Christine Lerpiniere, Luke A. Perry, Tom J. Moullaali, James J. M. Loan, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Rustam Al-Shahi Salman
Summary: This study highlights the association between SVD biomarkers on diagnostic brain CT and long-term outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Peter Foley, Richard A. Parker, Floriana de Angelis, Peter Connick, Siddharthan Chandran, Carolyn Young, Christopher J. Weir, Jeremy Chataway
Summary: The use of Fluoxetine, Riluzole, or Amiloride did not result in significant improvement of neuropathic pain symptoms in adults with secondary progressive MS, compared to a placebo.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Patrick K. A. Kearns, Sarah J. Martin, Jessie Chang, Rozanna Meijboom, Elizabeth N. York, Yingdi Chen, Christine Weaver, Amy Stenson, Katarzyna Hafezi, Stacey Thomson, Elizabeth Freyer, Lee Murphy, Adil Harroud, Peter Foley, David Hunt, Margaret McLeod, Jonathon O'Riordan, F. J. Carod-Artal, Niall J. J. MacDougall, Sergio E. Baranzini, Adam D. Waldman, Peter Connick, Siddharthan Chandran
Summary: This study aims to explore the pathobiology and determinants of disease heterogeneity in multiple sclerosis (MS) by integrating clinical phenotyping, imaging, genetics, and biomarkers. Recruitment, baseline assessment, and one-year follow-up have been completed. Longer-term follow-up is planned.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Stella A. Glasmacher, Patrick K. A. Kearns, Zackary Hassan, Peter Connick, Simone Tauber, Kathrin Reetz, Peter Foley, Siddharthan Chandran
Summary: In addition to motor disability, people with multiple sclerosis often experience hidden disabilities such as depression, anxiety, fatigue, sleep disturbances, cognitive impairment, and pain. This study explored the changes in hidden disability burden during the early post-diagnostic period and examined the effects of disease modifying therapies. The results showed that disease modifying therapies did not have a significant impact on hidden disability burden, although a small group of patients who received specific treatments did experience improvements.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
James Joseph McDonald, Matthew Jones, Colin Smith, Peter L. Foley, Liam Lee, Richard Davenport
Summary: This article reports a clinicopathological conference presented at the Edinburgh Clinical Neurology Course 2021, discussing the case of a 70-year-old retired male plumber who was admitted with reduced consciousness, confusion, and headache, and later developed encephalopathy, seizures, and myoclonus. Despite treatment, the patient passed away 10 weeks later.
PRACTICAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Charis Wong, Jenna M. Gregory, Jing Liao, Kieren Egan, Hanna M. Vesterinen, Aimal Ahmad Khan, Maarij Anwar, Caitlin Beagan, Fraser S. Brown, John Cafferkey, Alessandra Cardinali, Jane Yi Chiam, Claire Chiang, Victoria Collins, Joyce Dormido, Elizabeth Elliott, Peter Foley, Yu Cheng Foo, Lily Fulton-Humble, Angus B. Gane, Stella A. Glasmacher, Aine Heffernan, Kiran Jayaprakash, Nimesh Jayasuriya, Amina Kaddouri, Jamie Kiernan, Gavin Langlands, D. Leighton, Jiaming Liu, James Lyon, Arpan R. Mehta, Alyssa Meng, Vivienne Nguyen, Na Hyun Park, Suzanne Quigley, Yousuf Rashid, Andrea Salzinger, Bethany Shiell, Ankur Singh, Tim Soane, Alexandra Thompson, Olaf Tomala, Fergal M. Waldron, Bhuvaneish T. Selvaraj, Jeremy Chataway, Robert Swingler, Peter Connick, Suvankar Pal, Siddharthan Chandran, Malcolm Macleod
Summary: This study presents a systematic and structured evidence-based approach to select the first two drugs for evaluation in the MND-SMART trial. Through a comprehensive evaluation of clinical studies and animal models, memantine and trazodone were selected as the first two drugs based on supportive evidence.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yuan-Ting Chang, Patrick K. A. Kearns, Alan Carson, David C. Gillespie, Rozanna Meijboom, Agniete Kampaite, Maria del C. Valdes Hernandez, Christine Weaver, Amy Stenson, Niall MacDougall, Jonathan O'Riordan, Margaret Ann Macleod, Francisco Javier Carod-Artal, Peter Connick, Adam D. Waldman, Siddharthan Chandran, Peter Foley
Summary: This study used a multivariate network approach to quantify relationships between fatigue and other variables in early multiple sclerosis (MS). The results showed strong connections between fatigue severity and depression, and four specific depressive symptoms were linked to fatigue. These findings are important for further research and treatment of MS-related fatigue.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Peter Foley, Yazhuo Kong, Ramune Dirvanskiene, Maria Valdes-Hernandez, Matteo Bastiani, Jonathan Murnane, Robin Sellar, Neil Roberts, Cyril Pernet, Christopher Weir, Thomas Bak, Lesley Colvin, Siddharthan Chandran, Marie Fallon, Irene Tracey
Summary: This study reports the dysfunction of descending pain modulation in multiple sclerosis patients with chronic neuropathic pain, showing reduced functional connectivity in specific brain structures and executive dysfunction. The findings highlight the close relationship between cognition, functioning of the descending pain modulatory system, and chronic pain conditions, providing insights for potential pharmacological and cognitive interventions.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elizabeth N. York, Sarah-Jane Martin, Rozanna Meijboom, Michael J. Thrippleton, Mark E. Bastin, Edwin Carter, James Overell, Peter Connick, Siddharthan Chandran, Adam D. Waldman, David P. J. Hunt
Summary: The study shows that reduced myelin integrity is associated with axonal damage even at the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. The MRI-derived g-ratio may provide useful additional information regarding lesion severity and help identify individuals with a high degree of axonal damage at disease onset. The correlation between g-ratio and plasma neurofilament levels suggests a potential biomarker for disease progression and severity in MS patients.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Elba Pascual-Goni, Janev Fehmi, Cinta Lleixa, Lorena Martin-Aguilar, Jerome Devaux, Romana Hoftberger, Emilien Delmont, Kathrin Doppler, Claudia Sommer, Aleksandar Radunovic, Alejandra Carvajal, Shane Smyth, Laura Williams, Radim Mazanec, Veronika Potockova, Nigel Hinds, Julien Cassereau, Karine Viala, Mathilde Lefilliatre, Guillaume Nicolas, Peter Foley, Frank Leypoldt, Stephen Keddie, Michael P. Lunn, Fritz Zimprich, Vharoon Sharma Nunkoo, Wolfgang N. Loscher, Laura Martinez-Martinez, Jordi Diaz-Manera, Ricard Rojas-Garcia, Isabel Illa, Simon Rinaldi, Luis Querol
Summary: In patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), a small percentage have antibodies targeting the Caspr1/CNTN1 complex, showing similar clinical and serological features, forming a distinct subgroup within the CIDP syndrome.