Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wietse In het Panhuis, Milena Schoenke, Ricky Siebeler, Dorien Banen, Amanda C. M. Pronk, Trea C. M. Streefland, Salwa Afkir, Hetty C. M. Sips, Jan Kroon, Patrick C. N. Rensen, Sander Kooijman
Summary: Circadian disruption affects glucose and lipid metabolism with sex-specific effects. This study demonstrates that circadian disruption has sex-dependent effects on glucose metabolism, aggravated by male sex hormones and partially rescued by female sex hormones.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Irina Balyasnikova, Markella Zannikou, Guankui Wang, Yue Li, Joseph T. Duffy, Rebecca N. Levine, Maggie Seblani, Hanmant Gaikwad, Dmitri Simberg
Summary: The study demonstrates that fluorescent indocarbocyanine lipids (ICLs) formulated in PEGylated lipid nanoparticles (PLN) show highly efficient penetration and accumulation in glioblastoma (GBM). PLN-formulated ICLs exhibit better penetration than liposomal ICLs in vitro and in an intracranial GBM model. They accumulate in different immune and non-immune cells within the tumor, including myeloid-derived suppressor cells, macrophages, regulatory T cells, and tumor-associated microglia. PLN-formulated ICLs also extravasate better than PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin and fluorescent dextran, and accumulate in invasive tumor margins and brain-invading cells.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Sakura Arai, John Tooby, Leda Cosmides
Summary: Negatively sanctioning cheaters promotes cooperation, however, not all negative sanctions have the same consequences. In a study, it was found that withdrawers are viewed more favorably and less vengeful compared to punishers. Withdrawers are also seen as more cooperative and less exploitable than non-sanctioners. These findings challenge the predictions of group selection models.
EVOLUTION AND HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
I-Lun Chen, Chih-Hsing Hung, Hsin-Chun Huang
Summary: This study found that lipid emulsions containing fish oil can improve the neurodevelopmental outcomes of premature infants, especially at ages two and five, with significant reductions in the prevalence of diseases such as ADHD and ASD.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Neige Frankel, Annalisa Pillepich, Hans-Walter Rix, Vicente Rodriguez-Gomez, Jason Sanders, Jo Bovy, Juna Kollmeier, Norm Murray, Ted Mackereth
Summary: This study analyzes barred disk galaxies in the cosmological magnetohydrodynamical simulation TNG50 and compares their bar size and pattern speed distributions to observations. It finds that the high resolution of TNG50 yields bars with a wide range of pattern speeds, in contrast to previous lower-resolution simulations. However, the bars in TNG50 are on average shorter than observed, suggesting a discrepancy in the simulation-data comparison. The study also suggests that numerical resolution effects may explain the previously found slowness of simulated bars.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
History & Philosophy Of Science
Rosie Worsdale, Jack Wright
Summary: This paper contributes to the discussion on the new Basic Index of Gender Inequality (BIGI) by analyzing the flaws in the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI). The success of BIGI is attributed to the overestimation of objectivity in GGGI, allowing BIGI to be positioned as a corrective measure. The case of BIGI and GGGI emphasizes the importance of epistemic modesty in social research on controversial topics.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Vladimir N. Mikhaylov, Igor Kazakov, Tatiana N. Parfeniuk, Olesya Khoroshilova, Manfred Scheer, Alexey Y. Timoshkin, Irina A. Balova
Summary: A novel convenient approach for synthesizing N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of group 13 metals has been successfully developed, with air-stable copper(I) diaminocarbene complexes as excellent carbene transfer reagents. The method allows for the first-time synthesis of previously inaccessible (IPr)AlCl3 with high yields. In contrast, the more commonly used silver analog only yields homoleptic cationic complexes under the same conditions.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Saskia Esmee Nijmeijer, Marie-Jose van Tol, Andre Aleman, Merel Keijzer
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between musical and multilingual experiences and cognition and well-being in older adults. It found that high multilingual experience is related to better cognitive performance, but not to more positive affect. However, combining musical and high multilingual experiences is related to better cognitive performance and more positive affect, independently of age, education level, and socioeconomic status.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES B-PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Peter Sokol-Hessner, Mark Wing-Davey, Scott Illingworth, Stephen M. Fleming, Elizabeth A. Phelps
Summary: This study examined whether actors and nonactors differentiate in their ability to perceive internal bodily signals and their metacognitive awareness of that perception. The results showed that while actors and controls did not significantly differ in their interoceptive accuracy, actors consistently demonstrated superior metacognitive awareness of interoception. These findings suggest that actors may not be more accurate in perceiving their bodies, but they have a better understanding of when they are accurate and when they are not.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Yannik Bendel, Chrys Gesualdo, Martin Pinquart, Pia von Blanckenburg
Summary: This study aimed to investigate how to violate negative expectations regarding end-of-life (EOL) communication and identify predictors of coping with expectation violations. Two experiments were conducted using vignettes to manipulate the credibility and valence of expectation-disconfirming information. The results showed that young adults are generally quick to update their expectations in response to unexpectedly positive experiences in EOL communication. However, individuals with higher fear of death and higher death avoidance tendencies are at higher risk of maintaining negative expectations despite disconfirming evidence.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Antwi-Boasiako Oteng, Sei Higuchi, Alexander S. Banks, Rebecca A. Haeusler
Summary: Cyp2c-/- mice, lacking MCAs and with altered BA composition, are protected from diet-induced obesity and show reduced intestinal lipid absorption. While MCAs do not protect against diet-induced obesity, they may offer protection against liver injury.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matilda S. Gordon, Jennifer X. W. Seeto, Paul E. Dux, Hannah L. Filmer
Summary: Blinding in non-invasive brain stimulation research, especially in regards to the efficacy of sham-controlled methods for tDCS, is a highly debated topic. The inclusion of correct guess rate is a common approach to assess blinding success, but it does not provide insight into the effect of unblinding on observed stimulation outcomes. Thus, measures to systematically evaluate subjective expectation regarding stimulation are needed.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jiayi Li, Gang Liu, Ziqi Jia, Fei Ren, Dawei Dong, Menglu Zhang, Xiang Wang, Yipeng Wang
Summary: Mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection offer better disease-free prognosis compared with breast-conserving therapy and axillary lymph node dissection for patients with occult breast cancer.
Article
Forestry
Yongfan Yu, Min Zhang, Jianyuan Feng, Sujing Sun, Peng Zhou, Jiading Yang
Summary: The study revealed that I. integra accumulated less Na+ under salt stress, had less membrane lipid peroxidation and H2O2, indicating relatively higher salt tolerance. Results of ascorbate content and antioxidant enzymatic activity suggest that ascorbate and catalase may play significant roles in scavenging reactive oxygen species in I. integra roots.
JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Valentina Mancioppi, Erica Pozzi, Sara Zanetta, Anna Missineo, Silvia Savastio, Fabrizio Barbetti, Simona Mellone, Mara Giordano, Ivana Rabbone
Summary: Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare genetic disease characterized by severe hyperglycemia. The disease can be temporary or permanent, and is often caused by abnormalities in specific genetic regions or mutations in certain genes. Insulin therapy can be switched to hypoglycemic sulfonylureas after the acute phase, but the timing of this switch can affect long-term complications.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)