Journal
RSC ADVANCES
Volume 5, Issue 67, Pages 54589-54604Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10523d
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Funding
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia [172042]
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Metoprolol (MET) belongs to a group of frequently used beta(1)-blockers, which often occur in waste waters. The objective of this work was to employ liquid chromatography (LC) and total organic carbon methods to study the photocatalytic degradation of MET in UV irradiated aqueous suspensions of TiO2 (Wackherr's Oxyde de titane standard and Degussa P25), in the presence of different electron acceptors such as molecular oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, potassium bromate, and ammonium persulfate. The degradation rates were found to be strongly influenced by the kind of electron acceptor and the type of catalyst. The optimal amount of hydrogen peroxide and potassium bromate was investigated as well. MET photocatalytic degradation was the fastest in the presence of O-2 and potassium bromate with TiO2 Degussa P25, while mineralization was most efficient in the presence of molecular oxygen alone. In all investigated cases, degradation followed a pseudo-first order kinetics. Reaction intermediates of MET degradation in the presence of different electron acceptors with both catalysts were studied in detail and a number of them were indentified using LC-ESI-MS/MS. The interactions with MET of reactive radical species relevant to this study (O-2(center dot-), (OH)-O-center dot, BrO2 center dot, and SO4 center dot-) were theoretically investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT) computations.
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