Review
Microbiology
Kirtishri Mishra, Laura Bukavina, Mahmoud Ghannoum
Summary: The influence of microbiological species, particularly bacteria and fungi, on human health is complex and significant. Advances in sequencing technologies offer researchers the opportunity to better understand the role of the human mycobiome.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Sanzhima Garmaeva, Anastasia Gulyaeva, Trishla Sinha, Andrey N. Shkoporov, Adam G. Clooney, Stephen R. Stockdale, Johanne E. Spreckels, Thomas D. S. Sutton, Lorraine A. Draper, Bas E. Dutilh, Cisca Wijmenga, Alexander Kurilshikov, Jingyuan Fu, Colin Hill, Alexandra Zhernakova
Summary: The study found that there is a high diversity of gut virome composition in healthy adults, with individual viromes stable at the family level but varying significantly at the genera and species levels. Lower initial diversity of the human gut virome leads to a more pronounced effect of dietary intervention on its composition.
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Taryn Fransen, Jonas Meckling, Anna Stunzi, Tobias S. Schmidt, Florian Egli, Nicolas Schmid, Christopher Beaton
Summary: There is a gap between countries' pledged emissions reductions under the Paris Agreement and the actual outcomes resulting from their domestic policies. This gap consists of both the policies adopted by countries and the effectiveness of these policies.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Florencia Velez-Cortes, Harris Wang
Summary: Bacterially secreted proteins are crucial for the functioning of bacterial cells and communities. In this study, a computational pipeline was used to predict and analyze the bacterial metasecretome of the human gut, revealing the presence of diverse families of secreted carbohydrate-active enzymes and their distribution across taxonomic groups. By mapping secreted proteins to metagenomic data from endoscopic sampling of the human gastrointestinal tract, specific regions were identified where resident microbes secrete glycosidases. The comprehensive analysis of the metasecretome provides valuable insights for microbiome research and understanding the impact of gut bacteria on human health.
Review
Immunology
Eleanor M. Townsend, Lucy Kelly, George Muscatt, Joshua D. Box, Nicole Hargraves, Daniel Lilley, Eleanor Jameson
Summary: The investigation of the human microbiome has revolutionized our understanding of the impact of microorganisms on human development and health. While most research has focused on bacteria and fungi, the exploration of gut viruses is still in its early stages. Bacteriophages, which influence bacterial populations in various ecosystems, remain relatively understudied in the context of the human gut microbiome.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robert H. George Markowitz, Abigail Leavitt LaBella, Mingjian Shi, Antonis Rokas, John A. Capra, Jane F. Ferguson, Jonathan D. Mosley, Seth R. Bordenstein
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of genetic variations related to the gut microbiome on clinical traits and discovered associations with neurological, metabolic, digestive, and circulatory diseases. The study also found correlations between specific genetic variants and the abundance of specific microbial strains. These findings highlight the triad relationship between the human genome, microbiome, and disease, and suggest the potential for precision diagnostics and therapeutics based on genetic influences on the microbiome.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Darren Fernandes, Jervoise Andreyev
Summary: The human gut microbiome plays a crucial role in regulating host physiology, with the microbiota and the gut working together in a stable state. Various factors, including disease states and treatments, can affect the overall stability of the intestinal flora. This review compares the well-characterized abnormalities in the microbiome in idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease and radiation enteropathy, and discusses how these changes may function at a molecular level and the potential role of manipulating the microbiome to reduce the severity of the underlying condition.
Article
Business
Michael P. Ciuchta, Jay O'Toole, Anne S. Miner
Summary: Scholars have produced a wide variety of organizational improvisation (OI) scholarship over the past 25 years, but due to its complexity and heterogeneous approaches used to study it, OI remains challenging to grasp. A review of literature on OI highlights specific theoretical and empirical gaps across different phases of the OI process, including the origination and content of initial improvisational actions, conceptual ambiguity regarding the prevalence of OI, and the confounding of causal factors impacting post-OI outcomes.
JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Anne-Catherine Bachoud-Levi, Renaud Massart, Anne Rosser
Summary: Huntington's disease is a rare inherited neurodegenerative disease that results in permanent damage to the brain regions, primarily causing cognitive, behavioral, and motor dysfunction. The most advanced treatment approach currently is huntingtin-lowering strategies, but it is still unable to completely halt the continued loss of neural cells.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Jonas Heller, Dominik Mahr, Ko de Ruyter, Eric Schaap, Tim Hilken, Debbie I. Keeling, Mathew Chylinski, Carlos Flavi, Timothy Jung, Philipp A. Rauschnabel
Summary: This study uses a bibliographic approach to analyze current research on augmented reality (AR) and human behavior. The results reveal three major topics of interest to researchers, namely Education, Learning & Training Research, Marketing, Consumer Behavior & Business Research, and Digital Tourism & Cultural Heritage Research. Furthermore, it is found that AR research is concentrated in a few research groups who publish articles with similar groups of authors and limited collaboration outside their networks. Based on the coauthorship networks of AR experts, a research agenda for AR and human behavior research is proposed.
COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Qinyang Li, Kaihua Luo, Zhifei Su, Fangting Huang, Yajie Wu, Fangjie Zhou, Yuqing Li, Xian Peng, Jiyao Li, Biao Ren
Summary: This review focuses on the role of dental calculus as a repository of bioinformation and discusses the hidden molecular markers related to oral conditions, systemic diseases, and anthropology. It is suggested that dental calculus can be used for detecting latent health concerns and revealing historical dietary habits, environmental information, individual behaviors, and social culture changes.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Ciara A. Tobin, Colin Hill, Andrey N. Shkoporov
Summary: The gut microbiome consists of a dense and metabolically active community of microorganisms and viruses in the lower gastrointestinal tract. Bacteria and their viruses are the most abundant members of the gut microbiome. Investigating their biology and interactions is crucial for understanding their roles in human health and disease. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the taxonomic structure and ecological functions of the gut phageome, discussing the impact of age, diet, and geography on its composition. It also evaluates the potential link between changes in the gut phageome and diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, and colorectal cancer, highlighting the need for standardization in research methods.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Sang-Hee Lee, Autumn Hudock
Summary: This article reviews the current state of paleoanthropology research in Asia, discussing the fossil record, current understanding, and points of contention. The balance between gene flow and continuity of regional ancestry is crucial in explaining the long and complex evolutionary history of humans in Asia. Understanding the sociocultural forces that shaped the history of hominin fossil research in Asia is essential for guiding future research direction.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANTHROPOLOGY, VOL 50
(2021)
Article
Environmental Studies
Mildred Sena-Vittini, Victor Gomez-Valenzuela, Katerin Ramirez
Summary: This paper conducts a systematic review of the literature (SRL) to update the relevance of social perception (SP) for managing protected areas. The results indicate that household income and education are linked to behaviors favoring conservation, while dissatisfaction regarding social well-being, access to natural resources and management generate behaviors that negatively affect the perception of the conservation role of protected areas.
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Abderahman Rejeb, Karim Rejeb, Horst Treiblmaier, Andrea Appolloni, Salem Alghamdi, Yaser Alhasawi, Mohammad Iranmanesh
Summary: Recent improvements in IoT have led to rapid developments in healthcare. This article provides a summary of previous studies on the applications of IoT in healthcare. Through a comprehensive review and bibliometric analysis, the growth of IoT research in healthcare is objectively summarized. The findings reveal significant research hotspots, including IoT healthcare applications, blockchain applications, AI techniques, 5G telecommunications, and data analytics.
INTERNET OF THINGS
(2023)
