Article
Energy & Fuels
Milad Ahmadi, Fatemeh Bahadori
Summary: This study simulates the production of liquid hydrocarbons as synthetic fuels using bioethanol reforming and proposes two different processes. The results show that the H-2/CO ratio of the syngas produced from ESR is 5, and it is modified to 2.5 and 2 in ESR+EDR, which is suitable for the production of liquid hydrocarbons in the gasoline range.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
C. J. (Kees-Jan) Weststrate, Daniel Garcia Rodriguez, Devyani Sharma, J. W. (Hans) Niemantsverdriet
Summary: This study investigates the interaction between hydrogen and cobalt surfaces, revealing the adsorption and desorption behavior of hydrogen on different surface structures. It also discovers the variation of hydrogen adsorption strength and equilibrium constant under different conditions.
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Stefano Piazzi, Francesco Patuzzi, Marco Baratieri
Summary: The aim of this study is to assess the energy and exergy efficiencies of different Integrated biomass Gasification coupled to Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (IGFT) configurations. The results indicate that configurations using hot gas cleaning system or steam as gasification agent exhibit higher efficiency.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kristina Mazurova, Aleksandr Glotov, Mikhail Kotelev, Oleg Eliseev, Pavel Gushchin, Maria Rubtsova, Anna Vutolkina, Ruslan Kazantsev, Vladimir Vinokurov, Anna Stavitskaya
Summary: A nanoarchitectural approach was used to load mesoporous halloysite nanotubes with RuCo nanoparticles for Fischer-Tropsch catalysis. The resulting catalyst exhibited high activity, low selectivity to methane and CO2, high selectivity to C5+ hydrocarbons, and a chain growth index of 0.853. The choice of reducing agent during synthesis played a crucial role in the reducibility and selectivity of the RuCo catalysts.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tshepo Molefe, Dean Barrett, Beatriz Diaz, Roy Forbes, Neil J. Coville
Summary: This study reports on the synthesis and application of osmium nanoparticles supported on and/or encapsulated in hollow carbon spheres for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis (FTS). It is demonstrated that the interaction between osmium and cobalt has a significant effect on the catalyst activity when loaded together. Proximity of osmium and cobalt leads to higher FTS activity and C5+ production through the primary spillover effect. This study reveals the effect of osmium on FTS catalysts for the first time.
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Prasad Gonugunta, A. Iulian Dugulan, G. Leendert Bezemer, Ekkes Bruck
Summary: Operando spectroscopic techniques were used to investigate the impact of oxygenates deposition on the deactivation of cobalt on titania Fischer-Tropsch catalysts under high pressure. It was found that catalysts prepared via impregnation had more and heavier carboxylates, likely due to higher olefin content in the products, leading to increased formation of oxygenates. Gas chromatography/infrared spectroscopy data indicated that the surface carboxylate species were not involved in catalyst deactivation, serving as spectator species on the titania support.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cuijuan Zhang, Fabian Dankert, Ziang Jiang, Baolu Wang, Dominik Munz, Jiaxiang Chu
Summary: This study reports the reactions between a neutral Al-I complex and various isocyanides, revealing the step-by-step coupling mechanism through low-temperature NMR monitoring, isotopic labeling, and quantum chemical calculations. Carbene intermediates were confirmed in the reaction with a sterically hindered isocyanide, while a trimerization product and a corresponding carbene intermediate were observed in the reaction with adamantyl isocyanide. Moreover, pentamerization products and the formation of quinoline or indole heterocycles were observed in reactions with sterically less congested isocyanides. Overall, this study provides evidence for the existence of carbene intermediates in FT-type chemistry of aluminium(I) and isocyanides.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Deizi Peron, Alan J. Barrios, Alan Taschin, Iulian Dugulan, Carlo Marini, Giulio Gorni, Simona Moldovan, Siddardha Koneti, Robert Wojcieszak, Joris W. Thybaut, Mirella Virginie, Andrei Y. Khodakov
Summary: The study found that antimony and tin have strong promoting effects on silica supported iron Fischer-Tropsch catalysts, significantly increasing the reaction rate and improving catalyst stability. The addition of these elements through impregnation can increase the intrinsic activity of iron surface sites by 7-10 times without affecting iron dispersion.
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tobias F. Kimpel, Jin-Xun Liu, Wei Chen, Robert Pestman, Emiel J. M. Hensen
Summary: Through IR spectroscopy and DFT calculations, it has been discovered that in the Fischer-Tropsch reaction, Mn promotes a silica-supported Co catalyst with a MnO layer covering the Co surface, activating adsorbed CO through reaction with an oxygen vacancy. This results in higher activity, higher CHx coverage, increased C5+ selectivity, and decreased CH4 selectivity. Increasing pressure amplifies the selectivity differences. However, above around 4 bar, the addition of Mn decreases C5+ selectivity, possibly due to its promotion of C-O bond dissociation but not chain growth. Migration of formed monomers for chain growth on the Co surface may be hindered by high CO coverage, especially at high pressure.
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
F. Platero, S. Todorova, L. Aoudjera, L. Michelin, B. Lebeau, J. L. Blin, J. P. Holgado, A. Caballero, G. Colon
Summary: In this study, cobalt catalyst supported on mesostructured TiO2 was prepared and subjected to calcination and reduction. The results showed that cobalt nanoparticles were uniformly distributed along the mesopore channels of TiO2, and the highly stable metal active sites contributed to the generation of C5+ products in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reaction.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Francisco Platero, Alfonso Caballero, Gerardo Colon
Summary: Cobalt supported TiO2 catalysts were prepared by wet-impregnation and by immobilization over APTES grafted TiO2. The impregnated system showed better catalytic performance after reduction at 260 degrees C, but significant deactivation was observed. In contrast, the functionalized catalyst showed better catalytic performance after reduction at 400 degrees C with notable stability. CO-DRIFT operando analysis revealed that the impregnated system was strongly affected by negative SMSI upon reduction at higher temperature, while immobilization on APTES hindered the loss of metal active sites. The study of spent catalysts indicated that Co was redispersed in the impregnated catalyst while functionalized catalyst tended to form agglomerates.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dalia Liuzzi, Francisco J. Perez-Alonso, Sergio Rojas
Summary: Ru-Co/Al2O3 and Ru-Fe/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by reduction-deposition method exhibit high activity in Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis, showing different conversion rates and product selectivity. The interaction between Ru and Co in Ru-Co/Al2O3 enhances the activity, while Ru-Fe/Al2O3 displays superior initial performance but declines over time, with less enriched products compared to Ru/Al2O3.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yanping Chen, Jiatong Wei, Melis S. Duyar, Vitaly V. Ordomsky, Andrei Y. Khodakov, Jian Liu
Summary: This review summarizes the recent advances in the preparation of carbon-based catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, highlighting the importance of support and metal properties, activity, product selectivity, and their interactions. Current challenges and future trends in the commercial utilization of carbon-based catalysts for FTS are also discussed.
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Songtao Liu, Riyang Chen, Yi Wang, Yulin Chen, Xiaoyu Guo, Haozhong Huang
Summary: Coal-to-liquid (CTL) fuel is a promising alternative fuel in China due to its excellent properties, but little research has been done on its spray and combustion processes. This study investigated the characteristics of diesel fuel blends with different CTL blending ratios. The results showed that higher injection pressure led to longer spray tip penetration and enlarged spray cone angle under non-evaporation conditions. Under evaporation conditions, the STP and SCA of the fuel decreased with increasing CTL mixing ratio due to higher volatility, while ignition delay period shortened and flame lift-off length decreased.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Imaad Davies, Klaus P. Moller
Summary: The kinetics of n-paraffin and 1-olefin formation in the Fischer-Tropsch reaction system are equilibrium-limited, allowing for an effective description of product distribution and observed reaction behavior trends. The model preserves the polymerization character of the reaction and successfully describes the dominant trends in product distribution as a function of CO conversion, temperature, and pressure.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Electrochemistry
Kalyan C. Chitrada, Ruchi Gakhar, Dev Chidambaram, Eric Aston, Krishnan S. Raja
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2016)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ruchi Gakhar, Dev Chidambaram
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2016)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Suman Pahal, Ruchi Gakhar, Ashok M. Raichur, Manoj M. Varma
IET NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Huali Wu, Francesco Carotti, Ruchi Gakhar, Nisarg Patel, Raluca O. Scarlat
JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY
(2018)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
William C. Phillips, Ruchi Gakhar, Gregory P. Horne, Bobby Layne, Kazuhiro Iwamatsu, Alejandro Ramos-Ballesteros, Michael R. Shaltry, Jay A. LaVerne, Simon M. Pimblott, James F. Wishart
REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Elaine T. Dias, Simerjeet K. Gill, Yang Liu, Phillip Halstenberg, Sheng Dai, Jiahao Huang, Julia Mausz, Ruchi Gakhar, William C. Phillips, Shannon Mahurin, Simon M. Pimblott, James F. Wishart, Anatoly Frenkel
Summary: Understanding the structural and thermal properties of molten salts is crucial for applications such as thermal energy storage and nuclear energy systems. By utilizing synchrotron X-rays, researchers were able to study the behavior of metal contaminants in molten salts and uncover a radiation-induced reduction mechanism of metal ions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Kaustubh Bawane, Panayotis Manganaris, Yachun Wang, Jagadeesh Sure, Arthur Ronne, Phillip Halstenberg, Sheng Dai, Simerjeet K. Gill, Kotaro Sasaki, Yu-chen Karen Chen-Wiegart, Ruchi Gakhar, Shannon Mahurin, Simon M. Pimblott, James F. Wishart, Lingfeng He
Summary: This study utilizes EELS to identify the oxidation state of alloying elements in Ni-based alloys after exposure to molten chloride salt systems, and develops an oxidation state mapping technique using principal component analysis and multiple linear least squares fitting.
SCRIPTA MATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Santanu Roy, Yang Liu, Mehmet Topsakal, Elaine Dias, Ruchi Gakhar, William C. Phillips, James F. Wishart, Denis Leshchev, Phillip Halstenberg, Sheng Dai, Simerjeet K. Gill, Anatoly Frenkel, Vyacheslav S. Bryantsev
Summary: By combining various methods, we can accurately study the solvation, exchange, and speciation of ions in molten salts, quantifying populations of different coordination states of ions and understanding their sensitivity to temperature and melt composition changes.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kaustubh Bawane, Xiaoyang Liu, Ruchi Gakhar, Michael Woods, Mingyuan Ge, Xianghui Xiao, Wah-Keat Lee, Philip Halstenberg, Sheng Dai, Shannon Mahurin, Simon M. Pimblott, James F. Wishart, Yu-chen Karen Chen-Wiegart, Lingfeng He
Summary: In situ monitoring techniques were employed to study the evolution of Ni-20Cr materials in corrosive environments, with both techniques capturing key corrosion events and revealing mechanisms at different time and length scales.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kai Duemmler, Yuxiao Lin, Michael Woods, Toni Karlsson, Ruchi Gakhar, Benjamin Beeler
Summary: Molten Salt Reactors (MSRs) are seen as a potential solution for safer and more economical nuclear power generation and industrial heat supply. This study focuses on the lack of data on fundamental properties of fuels and coolants for MSRs and utilizes computational methods to fill this knowledge gap. By using Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and ab initio Molecular Dynamics (AIMD) simulations, the density, compressibility, heat capacity, enthalpy of mixing, and Gibbs free energy of mixing of the LiCl-KCl system were determined. The results provide a basis for further evaluation of thermophysical properties using AIMD methods.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jon Fuller, William Phillips, Qi An, Ruchi Gakhar
Summary: This study investigates the structure and coordination environment of two 3d transition elements (Ni and Cr) in a molten chloride salt system. The coordination environment of Ni(2+) and Cr3+ in a eutectic salt was determined using electronic absorption spectroscopy and density functional theory (DFT) modeling. The results show that Ni(2+) exists in a tetrahedral coordination environment, while Cr3+ exists in an octahedral coordination environment.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Matthew S. Emerson, Shobha Sharma, Santanu Roy, Vyacheslav S. Bryantsev, Alexander S. Ivanov, Ruchi Gakhar, Michael E. Woods, Leighanne C. Gallington, Sheng Dai, Dmitry S. Maltsev, Claudio J. Margulis
Summary: Lanthanides are important fission products in molten salt reactors, and understanding their structure and that of their mixtures is relevant to many scientific and technological problems. However, the literature on this topic is often fragmented and contradictory, necessitating the need for a clear and unified understanding of the structure. This article aims to answer specific questions about the structure of lanthanide salts.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Santanu Roy, Shobha Sharma, Waruni Karunaratne, Fei Wu, Ruchi Gakhar, Dmitry S. Maltsev, Phillip Halstenberg, Milinda Abeykoon, Simerjeet K. Gill, Yuanpeng Zhang, Shannon M. Mahurin, Sheng Dai, Vyacheslav S. Bryantsev, Claudio J. Margulis, Alexander S. Ivanov
Summary: This study reveals the clustering behavior of dilute Cr3+ metal ions in molten salt and demonstrates that the dynamical processes are primarily controlled by the charge density of the constituent ions. These findings challenge assumptions about specific ionic interactions and transport in molten salts.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Alejandro Ramos-Ballesteros, Ruchi Gakhar, Gregory P. Horne, Kazuhiro Iwamatsu, James F. Wishart, Simon M. Pimblott, Jay A. LaVerne
Summary: Post-irradiation measurements of diffuse reflectance and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies at room temperature were conducted to characterize long-lived radiation-induced species formed from gamma irradiation of solid KCl, MgCl2, and ZnCl2 salts up to 100 kGy. The results showed the formation of various defects and clusters in the irradiated salts, indicating high diffusion of radicals and prevalence of secondary processes at 295 K. Thermal bleaching studies demonstrated the stability of chloride aggregates is correlated with the ionization potential of the cations present.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Huali Wu, Francesco Carotti, Ruchi Gakhar, Raluca O. Scarlat
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. Genovese, F. Piraino, P. Fragiacomo
Summary: This research proposes the concept of a hydrogen valley in southern Italy, where hydrogen is produced centrally and delivered via fuel cell hybrid trains to refueling stations, providing transportation services. The analysis from both technical and economic perspectives shows that the cost of hydrogen and energy efficiency reached competitive levels, and hydrogen rail transport offers significant benefits in terms of emissions reduction and economic gains compared to conventional diesel trains and fully electric trains.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Miaomiao Liu, Payam Nejat, Pinlu Cao, Carlos Jimenez-Bescos, John Kaiser Calautit
Summary: This article provides a critical review of the performance of windcatchers, pointing out the current research gaps and issues, and proposing directions for further investigation and market prospects.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Solomon Boadu, Ebenezer Otoo
Summary: Despite Africa's vast energy resources, including wind energy, the continent faces challenges in developing its wind energy industry. Northern African countries and South Africa currently dominate the wind energy sector in Africa. To uplift Africa's socio-economic status, strong political will, supportive policies, and institutional frameworks are needed to drive the development of wind energy and overcome existing challenges.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
E. K. Grubbs, S. M. Gruss, V. Z. Schull, M. J. Gosney, M. V. Mickelbart, S. Brouder, M. W. Gitau, P. Bermel, M. R. Tuinstra, R. Agrawal
Summary: As the global population grows, the demand for food, energy, and water will increase significantly. However, limited land availability and competition for solar resources pose challenges to resource generation technologies. In the United States, both agriculture and solar energy production have adopted densification schemes to improve yields and energy output per unit of land. This research proposes an Agrivoltaic food and energy coproduction architecture that optimizes power generation while maintaining crop productivity by implementing ideal anti-tracking during critical growth periods. This technology offers a viable pathway for widespread solar implementation throughout the contiguous United States.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Han Shao, Rui Henriques, Hugo Morais, Elisabetta Tedeschi
Summary: The integration of offshore wind energy into the electric grid provides opportunities in terms of environmental sustainability and cost efficiency, but poses challenges to power quality. This survey offers a deeper understanding of disturbance detection and classification tools, exploring root causes, disturbance locations, and algorithmic solutions. It highlights synchronized waveform measurement and discusses evaluation metrics for detection and classification algorithms. Additionally, a novel system-wide monitoring framework is proposed.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Eleni Davidson, Yair Schwartz, Joe Williams, Dejan Mumovic
Summary: A continued upward trend in global greenhouse gas emissions poses risks to global infrastructure and built assets. Maintaining high indoor environmental quality standards is a challenge for higher education institutions under future climates. Passive cooling mechanisms may be insufficient to tolerate predicted temperature increases. Different building typologies have varying energy demand projections.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kexin Pang, Jian Zhou, Stamatis Tsianikas, David W. Coit, Yizhong Ma
Summary: This study proposes a new framework for long-term microgrid expansion planning, using deep reinforcement learning method to consider various uncertainties and constraints. The framework aims to enhance the effectiveness of microgrid expansion planning from the perspectives of economy, resilience, and greenhouse gas emission reduction.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Jun Zhao, Kangyin Dong, Xiucheng Dong
Summary: The continuous growth of global electricity penetration has provided modern energy for alleviating energy poverty, but its impact on carbon neutrality has been overlooked. The research reveals that clean electricity from traditional fossil energy and renewable energy has a positive influence on the greenhouse effect. Eradicating energy poverty can effectively alleviate the greenhouse effect, especially in non-Belt and Road Initiative (B&RI) nations.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hossein Shahbeik, Hamed Kazemi Shariat Panahi, Mona Dehhaghi, Gilles J. Guillemin, Alireza Fallahi, Homa Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha, Hamid Amiri, Mohammad Rehan, Deepak Raikwar, Hannes Latine, Bruno Pandalone, Benyamin Khoshnevisan, Christian Sonne, Luigi Vaccaro, Abdul-Sattar Nizami, Vijai Kumar Gupta, Su Shiung Lam, Junting Pan, Rafael Luque, Bert Sels, Wanxi Peng, Meisam Tabatabaei, Mortaza Aghbashlo
Summary: This review explores the production of biocrude oil from biomass feedstocks through the process of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL). It discusses the impact of process parameters on the quality, quantity, cost, and environmental impacts of biofuels. The review also highlights the challenges and prospects for the future development of biocrude oil.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Meysam Majidi Nezhad, Mehdi Neshat, Georgios Sylaios, Davide Astiaso Garcia
Summary: Digital twins promise innovation for the marine renewable energy sector by using modern technological advances and the existing maritime knowledge frameworks. This research presents critical aspects of digital twin implementation challenges in marine energy digitalization approaches that use and combine data systems.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yeganeh Sharifian, Hamdi Abdi
Summary: This paper discusses the background and objectives of the multi-area economic dispatch problem, as well as various techniques and methods applied in this field. It also covers comprehensive formulations of the problem and important issues in the field of probabilistic MAED, along with some related concepts and suggestions.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. G. B. Churchill, V. B. Borugadda, A. K. Dalai
Summary: The increasing global energy demand and the need to reduce fossil fuel reliance have created a demand for renewable and sustainable fuel sources. This review explores the potential of tall oil, a by-product of the pulping industry, as a feedstock for biofuels. The review provides an overview of tall oil production, purification, and treatment, and investigates recent trends and barriers towards tall oil-derived biofuels.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
David C. Broadstock, Xiangnan Wang
Summary: This study provides a general review of research on district cooling, identifying key topics and themes and highlighting potential research priorities for future studies.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
L. Scharnhorst, D. Sloot, N. Lehmann, A. Ardone, W. Fichtner
Summary: This study investigates and analyzes the barriers to demand response in industrial and commercial sectors, highlighting their significance. Concerns about diminished product quality, disruptions to production processes, human resource management, and revenue uncertainty are identified as the most frequently cited barriers. Overcoming these barriers requires bridging knowledge gaps, allocating sufficient resources, and adapting external incentives and policies.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Tong Feng, Yuechi Sun, Yating Shi, Jie Ma, Chunmei Feng, Zhenni Chen
Summary: Air pollution is a significant global challenge, and policymakers have implemented policies to reduce it. Evaluating the effectiveness of these policies is critical, and our study reveals trends and gaps in air pollution policy research. We found that research has shifted from focusing solely on air pollutants to including methodologies, policies, and health implications. China has emerged as a major contributor in this field of research.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2024)
