Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tae Uk Khang, Min-Jae Kim, Jee In Yoo, Yu Jung Sohn, Sang Goo Jeon, Si Jae Park, Jeong-Geol Na
Summary: This study developed an analysis method using Py-GC/MS to determine PHA contents and monomer composition in microbial cells, providing a rapid and reliable approach for such analysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Yuan Liu, Shiliang Wu, Huiyan Zhang, Rui Xiao
Summary: The study compared the pyrolysis behaviors of agricultural and forestry residues' holocelluloses and found that agricultural holocellulose contains higher ash and hemicellulose content, with lower initial temperature and maximum mass loss rate compared to forestry holocellulose. Agricultural holocellulose produced more acids, ketones, aldehydes, and furans, while corn stalk holocellulose had the highest content of targeted compounds. Woody and pine sawdust holocelluloses were suitable for producing sugars like levoglucosan.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Zakaria Belbakra, Alessandro Napoli, Zoubair Cherkaoui, Xavier Allonas
Summary: A direct analytical method using multi-step pyrolysis-GC/MS was developed to characterize UV-cured networks, with a focus on (meth)acrylate-based systems. The technique revealed a clear reversion process of methacrylates during pyrolysis, while the decomposition of acrylates in high molecular weight degradation products was not easily detected. The potential impact of this method on elucidating the structural and compositional nature of UV-cured polymeric networks was emphasized.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mengyue Hu, Shanyu Wang, Qi Liu, Rong Cao, Yong Xue
Summary: This study analyzed the flavor profiles of shrimp at different processing stages using various techniques, revealing the similarity in aroma profiles between boiled and dried shrimp, while raw shrimp differed. Boiling significantly increased the total content of volatile compounds in shrimp. Unique compounds were produced during the drying process, with pyrazines notably increasing in the later drying period.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Lydia Krauss, Nicole Klasen, Philipp Schulte, Frank Lehmkuhl
Summary: The study evaluated the Loess-palaeosol sequences at the Attenfeld site along the Danube River and found that previous interpretations may have been too generalized, identifying previously unmentioned units and indicating sediment deposition may have occurred before MIS 4.
JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Ryan D. Merckel, Mike D. Heydenrych, Bruce B. Sithole
Summary: The study presents an advancement in Py-GC/MS with EGA-MS, allowing prediction of elemental composition and calorific content of pyrolysis products. It reduces the need for other analytical methods and demonstrates the impact of various catalysts on pyrolysis oil. Different dominant mechanisms, changes in elemental composition, and effects on calorific value were observed.
Article
Environmental Sciences
So-Young Lee, Jiyul An, Jung-Hwan Kwon
Summary: This study presents a new sequential analytical method that combines Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to characterize and quantify microplastics in environmental samples. The method allows for identification of the polymer type, physical dimensions, and chemical composition of the microplastics.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yuto Mogi, Yoko Kebukawa, Kensei Kobayashi
Summary: Pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is a useful technique for analyzing complex organic matter. The stepwise pyrolysis method can effectively separate different components and has advantages for analyzing limited amounts of samples.
ANALYTICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
S. Clemente-Castro, A. Palma, M. Ruiz-Montoya, I Giraldez, M. J. Diaz
Summary: The pyrolytic behavior of various leguminous biomass was studied, and it was found that L. leucocephala and C. proliferus are more suitable for pyrolysis. The biomass produced volatile compounds with high phenol content at the peak of maximum degradation of hemicellulose. Different compounds were detected at the peak of maximum degradation of cellulose, with L. leucocephala and C. proliferus producing more short-chain compounds that give rise to bio-oils, while S. sesban and P. alba produce high added value saccharides.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Andrina Lerchi, Tristan Krap, Patrick Eppenberger, Antonella Pedergnana
Summary: This article reviews and discusses the possibilities and limitations of the analytical protocols used in residue analysis in archaeology, with a focus on the decomposition processes of adipocere, potential misidentifications, and proposing new research avenues.
TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Dongyu Chen, Jing Wang, Shun Li, Yide Liu, Xiaojian Zhu, Jin Li, Ting Zhang, Fanbin Meng, Weisheng Niu, Yueyang Liu, Qing Sun
Summary: The effects of acid washing, torrefaction, and a combination of acid washing and torrefaction pretreatment on millet straw and millet bran were investigated. Acid washing pretreatment significantly affected the physicochemical properties of the materials, while torrefaction pretreatment had a significant effect on the fuel characteristics. The combination of acid washing and torrefaction pretreatment was found to improve the higher heating value and quality of bio-oil.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rui-Qi Yang, Jia-Hui Li, Hui-Shang Feng, Yue-Bao Yao, Xing-Yu Guo, Shu-Lin Yu, Yang Cui, Hui-Qin Zou, Yong-Hong Yan
Summary: The study introduced an electronic nose technology along with HPLC fingerprint and GC-MS analysis to reliably and rapidly identify nutmeg samples with different degrees of mildew, supporting the establishment of a quality evaluation system.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ramandeep Kaur, Avnish Kumar, Bijoy Biswas, Bhavya B. Krishna, Thallada Bhaskar
Summary: This study investigated the slow and flash pyrolysis of spent citronella biomass at varying temperatures to understand the pyrolytic behavior and product properties. It was found that different types of bio-oil and biochar could be produced under different conditions, showing potential for various applications.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wenwen Kong, Boxiong Shen, Jiao Ma, Jia Kong, Shuo Feng, Zhuozhi Wang, Lifu Xiong
Summary: The pyrolysis characteristics of Spirulina platensis, Tetradesmus obliquus, and Chlorella vulgaris were investigated by various techniques. The elemental and biochemical composition of different microalgae influenced their pyrolysis behavior. The pyrolysis process of the three microalgae could be divided into several stages, and the major reaction occurred at a certain temperature range. Different products and activation energies were observed for each microalgae. The pyrolysis of Spirulina platensis produced more CO2 and compounds containing C=O bonds, while Tetradesmus obliquus and Chlorella vulgaris produced slightly higher levels of hydrocarbons.
Article
Thermodynamics
Yuan Jiang, Peijie Zong, Bin Tian, Xue Ming, Fanfan Xu, Yuanyu Tian, Yingyun Qiao, Dawei Li, Qingshuo Song, Qiankun Yu
Summary: Studying the pyrolysis behavior of the saturate component in coal, which mainly consists of volatile substances, through the combined utilization of TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS revealed a free radical reaction mechanism. The research provides a methodological model for exploring other group components and reveals specific details about the pyrolysis of coal.
Article
Forestry
Ellen Desiea, Karen Vancampenhoutb, Leon van den Berg, Bart Nyssena, Maaike Weijterse, Jan den Ouden, Bart Muysa
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2020)
Article
Ecology
Ellen Desie, Koenraad Van Meerbeek, Hans De Wandeler, Helge Bruelheide, Timo Domisch, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, Francois-Xavier Joly, Karen Vancampenhout, Lars Vesterdal, Bart Muys
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bart Vandecasteele, Steffi Pot, Kristof Maenhout, Ilse Delcour, Karen Vancampenhout, Jane Debode
Summary: The study assessed COM and MR, finding that MR generally scored higher than COM in terms of chemical or stability characteristics, with blending and acidification being the most effective treatments.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Xin Jing, Bart Muys, Helge Bruelheide, Ellen Desie, Stephan Hattenschwiler, Herve Jactel, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, Paul Kardol, Sophia Ratcliffe, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Federico Selvi, Karen Vancampenhout, Fons van der Plas, Kris Verheyen, Lars Vesterdal, Juan Zuo, Koenraad Van Meerbeek
Summary: Biodiversity experiments have shown that complementarity, particularly above- and below-ground complementarity, plays a key role in driving the relationship between tree species diversity and wood production in mature forests. The importance of selection was found to be relatively less significant in this relationship. Therefore, considering complementary above- and below-ground traits when selecting tree species is crucial for promoting tree diversity and productivity in European forests.
FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Steffi Pot, Caroline De Tender, Sarah Ommeslag, Ilse Delcour, Johan Ceusters, Ellen Gorrens, Jane Debode, Bart Vandecasteele, Karen Vancampenhout
Summary: This study found that the maturity of composts and the processing methods have a more significant impact on the compost microbiome than the compost batch itself. Maturation increases microbial diversity and favors beneficial microorganisms, blending enhances microbial diversity and metabolic activity, while acidification decreases bacterial diversity and microbial activity.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Gezahegn Garo, Maarten Van Geel, Fassil Eshetu, Rony Swennen, Olivier Honnay, Karen Vancampenhout
Summary: The roots of indigenous wild enset in Southern Ethiopia harbored a more diverse and different AMF community compared to cultivated enset, with cultivated enset having more rare AMF OTUs and Paraglomeraceae predominating in wild enset roots. Both wild and cultivated enset had lower AMF richness and diversity, negatively influenced by available soil P, with a stronger effect in communities associated with wild enset. Domestication of enset resulted in decreased ability to associate with a diverse community of AMF, supporting previous suggestions of reduced AMF diversity in crops.
Article
Agronomy
Gezahegn Garo, Maarten Van Geel, Fassil Eshetu, Rony Swennen, Olivier Honnay, Karen Vancampenhout
Summary: This study investigated the composition of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) communities in the roots of enset plants in smallholder enset-based farming systems in south Ethiopia and assessed the effects of soil fertility management on those communities. The results showed that intensive manure application increased soil nutrient availability and organic carbon but resulted in lower AMF richness and diversity, as well as a shift in AMF community composition.
Article
Microbiology
Steffi Pot, Caroline De Tender, Sarah Ommeslag, Ilse Delcour, Johan Ceusters, Bart Vandecasteele, Jane Debode, Karen Vancampenhout
Summary: This study investigated the microbiological characteristics and their drivers in composts, management residues, and peat-based substrates. The results indicated that composts and peat-based substrates had similar microbial community compositions, while management residues showed more variation. The classification based on pH and hemicellulose content was relevant for bacterial and fungal communities in management residues. Different subtypes of composts and residues were found to have potential for enhancing plant growth or suppressing pathogens, with fungal biomass being a suitable predictor for inoculation efficiency.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Karin Nikolaus, Judith Schellekens, Steven Mols, Boris Jansen, Maria J. I. Briones, Ellen Desie, Jean-Thomas Cornelis, Samira Absalah, Bart Muys, Karen Vancampenhout
Summary: By comparing the molecular composition and environmental significance of different soil organic matter (SOM) fractions, we found that only HA and BE fractions were successful in capturing the overall processes of soil carbon (C) dynamics. Different SOM fractions can be used complementary to each other to study the environmental and ecological effects of forest stand conversion on soil C dynamics.
Editorial Material
Soil Science
Karen Vancampenhout, Alberto Agnelli, Jan Willem van Groeningen, David Laird, Budiman Minasny, Ingrid Koegel-Knabner
Article
Soil Science
Jonathan Donhauser, Maria J. I. Briones, Juha Mikola, Davey L. Jones, Reinhard Eder, Juliane Filser, Aline Frossard, Paul Henning Krogh, Jose Paulo Sousa, Jerome Cortet, Ellen Desie, Xavier Domene, Simoneda Djuric, Davorka Hackenberger, Juan J. Jimenez, Maria Iamandei, Cornelia Rissmann, Olaf Schmidt, Merrit Shanskiy, Tarja Silfver, Karen Vancampenhout, Martina Vasutova, Emiliya Velizarova, Beat Frey
Summary: Nematodes are abundant in soils and play a crucial role in soil food-webs. DNA metabarcoding is an efficient method for assessing nematode diversity, but the choice of DNA extraction method may affect community analysis. This study found that different DNA sources can lead to differences in nematode diversity, community structure, and feeding type abundances.
SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Ellen Desie, Bart Muys, Jan den Ouden, Bart Nyssen, Rita Sousa-Silva, Leon van den Berg, Arnold van den Burg, Gert-Jan van Duinen, Koenraad Van Meerbeek, Maaike Weijters, Karen Vancampenhout
Summary: The vitality of European forests is declining due to various factors, including pests, diseases, climate change, and nitrogen deposition. Deteriorating soil health is a major reason for the low vitality of West-European forests. This study evaluated the impact of black cherry on the vitality of neighboring pedunculate oak in mixed forests in Germany, Belgium, and the Netherlands. The findings suggest that while black cherry admixture has negative effects on oak foliar nutrient concentrations, it can also reduce defoliation caused by herbivory. The study also highlighted the limited indirect effects of black cherry on oak vitality via improved soil health.
Proceedings Paper
Agronomy
B. Vandecasteele, K. Van Loo, F. Amery, I Delcour, E. Pauwels, E. Gorrens, J. Ceusters, K. Vancampenhout, J. Debode
Summary: Composts and management residues have been identified as good peat substitutes for container cultivation of ornamentals, with the potential to enhance plant resilience and disease resistance. The goal is to increase sustainability in the ornamental sector by replacing peat with local and sustainable alternatives, resulting in reduced use of chemical crop protection products and nutrient losses. Different stability assessment methods should be selected based on material type, dry bulk density, and risk for nitrogen immobilization.
III INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GROWING MEDIA, COMPOSTING AND SUBSTRATE ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
Sabura Shara, Rony Swennen, Jozef Deckers, Fantahun Weldesenbet, Laura Vercammen, Fassil Eshetu, Feleke Woldeyes, Guy Blomme, Roel Merckx, Karen Vancampenhout
Summary: Enset, a drought-tolerant food security crop grown in Ethiopian highlands, faces challenges with soil fertility management and bacterial wilt disease. This study found nutrient variation in enset gardens at different altitudes, impacting disease prevalence. Soil nutrients were higher in gardens compared to outfields, and management intensity influenced soil and foliar nutrient levels. Further investigation into nutrient recommendations and disease susceptibility is needed for improved productivity.
Article
Ecology
Ellen Desie, Bart Muys, Boris Jansen, Lars Vesterdal, Karen Vancampenhout
Summary: This study emphasizes the importance of tree species selection and considering acid buffering mechanisms in regulating carbon storage in forest soils. The effects of tree species selection on SOC storage and stability vary for different soils, requiring further research. Additionally, feedback loops between tree species, soil biota, and cation exchange capacity can amplify these effects.
FRONTIERS IN FORESTS AND GLOBAL CHANGE
(2021)
