Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bianka Karshikoff, Karin Wahlen, Jenny Astrom, Mats Lekander, Linda Holmstrom, Rikard K. K. Wicksell
Summary: Chronic pain is often accompanied by psychological comorbidity, and the lack of clear pathophysiological factors and valid biomarkers makes it difficult to diagnose. In this study, inflammatory blood biomarkers were found to be associated with psychological comorbidity, but not with pain intensity in a chronic pain population. Specific inflammatory proteins were identified that may be related to anxiety and depression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Maes, Decio Sabbatini Barbosa, Abbas F. Almulla, Buranee Kanchanatawan
Summary: This study aimed to develop a precision medicine model for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and associated mental comorbidities. The results showed that oxidative stress and antioxidant biomarkers could explain a large part of the variability in TLE and psychopathology features. Based on these findings, a new phenotype class was constructed, characterized by increased severity of TLE, psychopathology, and oxidative stress features, and decreased antioxidant defenses. Furthermore, increased levels of malondialdehyde, decreased antioxidants, and nitric oxide metabolites were associated with increased episode frequency.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kamila Landucci Bonifacio, Decio Sabbatini Barbosa, Estefania Gastaldello Moreira, Carine Farias Coneglian, Heber Odebrecht Vargas, Sandra Odebrecht Vargas Nunes, Juliana Brum Moraes, Michael Maes
Summary: The study found significant associations between nitro-oxidative stress toxicity, inflammatory pathways, atherogenicity, and mood disorders, especially in patients with mood disorders. Activated oxidative stress pathways play an important predictive role in increased blood pressure, especially through increased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Justyna Dorf, Konrad Zareba, Joanna Matowicka-Karna, Anna Pryczynicz, Katarzyna Guzinska-Ustymowicz, Anna Zalewska, Mateusz Maciejczyk
Summary: The study evaluated the differences in nitrosative stress, protein and DNA oxidation/glycoxidation, as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines between CRC patients and healthy controls. The results showed that oxidation and glycoxidation products in CRC patients were positively correlated with pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, indicating that redox damages may promote inflammation in CRC.
JOURNAL OF INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Mousumi Mahapatro, Lena Erkert, Christoph Becker
Summary: Cytokines play a crucial role in the gut by regulating immune responses and disease susceptibility loci, influencing gut health. Intestinal epithelial cells act as translators between the microbiota and the immune system, maintaining gut homeostasis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Nocella, Alessandra D'Amico, Vittoria Cammisotto, Simona Bartimoccia, Valentina Castellani, Lorenzo Loffredo, Leonardo Marini, Giulia Ferrara, Matteo Testa, Giulio Motta, Beatrice Benazzi, Fabio Zara, Giacomo Frati, Sebastiano Sciarretta, Pasquale Pignatelli, Francesco Violi, Roberto Carnevale
Summary: Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) is an enzyme complex that generates superoxide or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and plays a crucial role in various biological functions. Among its isoforms, NOX2 is widely expressed in different cell types and is involved in regulating immunity and pathologies associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Modulating NOX2 activity is an important therapeutic strategy to reduce damage caused by its hyperactivation. This review analyzes the mechanisms of NOX2 activation and regulation, its role in innate immunity, pathologies associated with its hyperactivation, and the latest inhibitory strategies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Brett A. Lidbury
Summary: Ross River virus (RRV) is an endemic Australian arbovirus belonging to the Alphavirus family, with strong immune evasion capabilities that may be related to the pathogenesis of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME).
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Michael Maes, Marta Kubera, Kristina Stoyanova, Jean-Claude Leunis
Summary: This study aimed to construct a model of ME/CFS using PLS path analysis and data on causome, protectome, and AOP. The results showed that 31.6% of the variance in physiosomatic symptoms of ME/CFS could be explained by various factors. Cluster analysis revealed three distinct immune groups within ME/CFS, each characterized by different immune responses.
CURRENT TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Antonio Citro, Francesco Campo, Erica Dugnani, Lorenzo Piemonti
Summary: Type 1 diabetes remains challenging to treat, with available methods unable to effectively delay the onset and progression of the disease. Recent research has revealed that diabetes is not solely mediated by T cells in autoimmune processes, as macrophages and neutrophils also play a role in beta cell destruction. Understanding the regulation of cytokines is essential in improving glucose metabolism and preventing autoimmune damage.Combining immunomodulatory strategies targeting both innate and adaptive immunity may be more effective in preventing or delaying islet damage and T1D onset.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Redouane Rebai, Luc Jasmin, Abdennacer Boudah
Summary: The study showed that treatment with the antidepressant agomelatine reversed the inflammatory and oxidative stress effects caused by a high fat diet in obese rats, leading to improved anxiety and depressive behaviors. Agomelatine decreased levels of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers, restored BDNF levels, and increased antioxidant enzyme activity in the brain.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Michael Maes
Summary: This paper discusses the use of machine learning in depression research and the development of precision psychiatry. Precision psychiatry aims to customize the best medical treatments based on individual's genomics, environmental, and lifestyle data. The paper outlines three steps in the development of precision medicine and highlights the challenges in developing precision psychiatry.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Chaichana Jaroonpipatkul, Jaruwan Onwanna, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Nutchawan Jittapiromsak, Yothin Rakvongthai, Aurauma Chutinet, Thitiporn Supasitthumrong, Michael Maes
Summary: This study investigated the effects of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and infarction volume on poststroke depression symptoms. The results showed that infarction volume significantly predicted key depressive and concentration-tension symptoms, and lassitude three months after stroke, while total WMHs significantly predicted key depressive and concentration-tension symptoms, and lassitude, with these effects being mediated by right and left DWI stroke volumes and associated disabilities.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Wei Wang, Jinling Yang, Jingjing Xu, Huihui Yu, Yuan Liu, Rui Wang, Roger C. M. Ho, Cyrus S. H. Ho, Fang Pan
Summary: Obesity and depression often coexist, and obese patients with chronic low-grade inflammation have a higher risk of developing depression. This study used an animal model to investigate the mechanisms underlying the comorbidity of obesity and depression induced by high-fat diet and chronic unpredictable mild stress. The results showed that the comorbidity group exhibited the most severe depression-like behavior and increased levels of inflammatory cytokines, NF-kappa B protein and mRNA, and microglial activation in the brain. The findings suggest that TLR4-NF-kappa B signaling may mediate the effects of obesity and stress on depression and inflammation.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tapan Behl, Tarapati Rana, Ghallab H. Alotaibi, Md Shamsuzzaman, Maaz Naqvi, Aayush Sehgal, Sukhbir Singh, Neelam Sharma, Yosif Almoshari, Ahmed A. H. Abdellatif, Muhammad Shahid Iqbal, Saurabh Bhatia, Ahmed Al-Harrasi, Simona Bungau
Summary: Depression is characterized by increased inflammation and oxidative stress. Natural polyphenols play a vital role in regulating cell signaling pathways related to oxidative stress and inflammation, demonstrating their potential in preventing and treating depressive disorder. Understanding the mechanism of polyphenols in cell signaling pathways is essential for developing novel compounds for depression treatment.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Michael Maes, Marta Kubera, Magdalena Kotanska
Summary: There is evidence that chronic fatigue spectrum disorders (CFAS-Ds), including myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), and chronic fatigue with physiosomatic symptoms, are characterized by neuroimmune and neuro-oxidative biomarkers. This study aimed to analyze the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of CFAS-D and discover the enriched pathways, molecular patterns, and domains. The results revealed a highly connected network involving immune-oxidative-nitrosative and Wnt/beta-catenin subnetworks. The CFAS-D network was found to be associated with detoxification, inflammatory signaling, and dysfunctions in multicellular organismal homeostatic processes.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marco Solmi, Trevor Thompson, Andres Estrade, Agorastos Agorastos, Joaquim Radua, Samuele Cortese, Elena Dragioti, Friedrich Leisch, Davy Vancampfort, Lau Caspar Thygesen, Harald Aschauer, Monika Schloegelhofer, Elena Aschauer, Andres Schneeberger, Christian G. Huber, Gregor Hasler, Philippe Conus, Kim Q. Do Cuenod, Roland von Kaenel, Gonzalo Arrondo, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Philip Gorwood, Pierre-Michel Llorca, Marie-Odile Krebs, Elisabetta Scanferla, Taishiro Kishimoto, Golam Rabbani, Karolina Skonieczna-Zydecka, Paolo Brambilla, Angela Favaro, Akihiro Takamiya, Leonardo Zoccante, Marco Colizzi, Julie Bourgin, Karol Kaminski, Maryam Moghadasin, Soraya Seedat, Evan Matthews, John Wells, Emilia Vassilopoulou, Ary Gadelha, Kuan-Pin Su, Jun Soo Kwon, Minah Kim, Tae Young Lee, Oleg Papsuev, Denisa Mankova, Andrea Boscutti, Cristiano Gerunda, Diego Saccon, Elena Righi, Francesco Monaco, Giovanni Croatto, Guido Cereda, Jacopo Demurtas, Natascia Brondino, Nicola Veronese, Paolo Enrico, Pierluigi Politi, Valentina Ciappolino, Andrea Pfennig, Andreas Bechdolf, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Kai G. Kahl, Katharina Domschke, Michael Bauer, Nikolaos Koutsouleris, Sibylle Winter, Stefan Borgwardt, Istvan Bitter, Judit Balazs, Pal Czobor, Zsolt Unoka, Dimitris Mavridis, Konstantinos Tsamakis, Vasilios P. Bozikas, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Michael Maes, Teerayuth Rungnirundorn, Thitiporn Supasitthumrong, Ariful Haque, Andre R. Brunoni, Carlos Gustavo Costardi, Felipe Barreto Schuch, Guilherme Polanczyk, Jhoanne Merlyn Luiz, Lais Fonseca, Luana V. Aparicio, Samira S. Valvassori, Merete Nordentoft, Per Vendsborg, Sofie Have Hoffmann, Jihed Sehli, Norman Sartorius, Sabina Heuss, Daniel Guinart, Jane Hamilton, John Kane, Jose Rubio, Michael Sand, Ai Koyanagi, Aleix Solanes, Alvaro Andreu-Bernabeu, Antonia San Jose Caceres, Celso Arango, Covadonga M. Diaz-Caneja, Diego Hidalgo-Mazzei, Eduard Vieta, Javier Gonzalez-Penas, Lydia Fortea, Mara Parellada, Miquel A. Fullana, Norma Verdolini, Eva Andrlikova, Karolina Janku, Mark John Millan, Mihaela Honciuc, Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska, Igor Loniewski, Jerzy Samochowiec, Lukasz Kiszkiel, Maria Marlicz, Pawel Sowa, Wojciech Marlicz, Georgina Spies, Brendon Stubbs, Joseph Firth, Sarah Sullivan, Asli Enez Darcin, Hatice Aksu, Nesrin Dilbaz, Onur Noyan, Momoko Kitazawa, Shunya Kurokawa, Yuki Tazawa, Alejandro Anselmi, Cecilia Cracco, Ana Ines Machado, Natalia Estrade, Diego De Leo, Jackie Curtis, Michael Berk, Philip Ward, Scott Teasdale, Simon Rosenbaum, Wolfgang Marx, Adrian Vasile Horodnic, Liviu Oprea, Ovidiu Alexinschi, Petru Ifteni, Serban Turliuc, Tudor Ciuhodaru, Alexandra Bolos, Valentin Matei, Dorien H. Nieman, Iris Sommer, Jim van Os, Therese van Amelsvoort, Ching-Fang Sun, Ta-wei Guu, Can Jiao, Jieting Zhang, Jialin Fan, Liye Zou, Xin Yu, Xinli Chi, Philippe de Timary, Ruud van Winkel, Bernardo Ng, Edilberto Pena, Ramon Arellano, Raquel Roman, Thelma Sanchez, Larisa Movina, Pedro Morgado, Sofia Brissos, Oleg Aizberg, Anna Mosina, Damir Krinitski, James Mugisha, Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani, Farshad Sheybani, Masoud Sadeghi, Samira Hadi, Serge Brand, Antonia Errazuriz, Nicolas Crossley, Dragana Ignjatovic Ristic, Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo, Dimitris Efthymiou, Praveenlal Kuttichira, Roy Abraham Kallivayalil, Afzal Javed, Muhammad Iqbal Afridi, Bawo James, Omonefe Joy Seb-Akahomen, Jess Fiedorowicz, Andre F. Carvalho, Jeff Daskalakis, Lakshmi N. Yatham, Lin Yang, Tarek Okasha, Aicha Dahdouh, Bjoern Gerdle, Jari Tiihonen, Jae Il Shin, Jinhee Lee, Ahmed Mhalla, Lotfi Gaha, Takoua Brahim, Kuanysh Altynbekov, Nikolay Negay, Saltanat Nurmagambetova, Yasser Abu Jamei, Mark Weiser, Christoph U. Correll
Summary: The COH-FIT survey is a valid instrument to measure global mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study confirmed the validity of COH-FIT items and the internal reliability of the co-primary outcome, the P-score. The survey has been translated into 30 languages and measures various mental health symptoms and factors.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Abbas F. Almulla, Hussein Kadhem Al-Hakeim, Michael Maes
PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Maes, Francis F. Brinholi, Ana Paula Michelin, Andressa K. Matsumoto, Laura de Oliveira Semeao, Abbas F. Almulla, Thitiporn Supasitthumrong, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Decio S. Barbosa
Summary: In acute ischemic stroke patients, oxidative stress biomarkers can independently predict neurological recovery and brain damage after stroke, and antioxidant agents can be potential drug targets to prevent stroke and neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hussein Kadhem Al-Hakeim, Tabarek Hadi Al-Naqeeb, Abbas F. Almulla, Michael Maes
Summary: This study found that peripheral indicators of neuroaxis damage in MDD were associated with serum inflammatory and insulin resistance markers, calcium, and the physio-affective phenome. CRP and HOMA2-IR predicted 28.9% of the variance in the neuroaxis index. Peripheral inflammation and insulin resistance may damage astroglial and neuronal projections, interfering with mitochondrial transport and contributing to the phenome of MDD.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Francis F. Brinholi, Ana Paula Michelin, Andressa K. Matsumoto, Laura de O. Semeao, Abbas F. Almulla, Thitiporn Supasitthumrong, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Decio S. Barbosa, Michael Maes
Summary: This study examines the associations between PON1 status and AIS as well as consequent disabilities. The results show that reduced CMPAase and increased AREase activities are significantly associated with AIS and its severity scores. The best predictors of AIS/disabilities are a decrease in the zCMPAase-zAREase score and a lowered zCMPAase + zHDLc score.
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
(2023)
Letter
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abbas F. Almulla, Michael Maes
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xia Qiu, Yin Wu, Ying Sun, Brooke Levis, Jizhou Tian, Jill T. Boruff, Pim Cuijpers, John P. A. Ioannidis, Sarah Markham, Roy C. Ziegelstein, Simone N. Vigod, Andrea Benedetti, Brett Thombs, Chen He, Ankur Krishnan, Parash Mani Bhandari, Dipika Neupane, Zelalem Negeri, Mahrukh Imran, Danielle B. Rice, Marleine Azar, Matthew J. Chiovitti, Simon A. Gilbody, Lorie B. Kloda, Scott D. Patten, Nicholas Mitchell, Ruben Alvarado, Jacqueline Barnes, Cheryl Tatano Beck, Carola Bindt, Humberto Correa, Tiago Castro e Couto, Genesis Chorwe-Sungani, Valsamma Eapen, Nicolas Favez, Ethel Felice, Gracia Fellmeth, Michelle Fernandes, Sally Field, Barbara Figueiredo, Jane R. W. Fisher, Eric P. Green, Simone Honikman, Louise M. Howard, Pirjo A. Kettunen, Jane Kohlhoff, Zoltan Kozinszky, Angeliki A. Leonardou, Michael Maes, Pablo Martinez, Sandra Nakic Rados, Daisuke Nishi, Susan J. Pawlby, Tamsen J. Rochat, Heather J. Rowe, Deborah J. Sharp, Alkistis Skalkidou, Johanne Smith-Nielsen, Alan Stein, Kuan-Pin Su, Inger Sundstroem-Poromaa, Meri Tadinac, S. Darius Tandon, Iva Tendais, Annamaria D. Toereki, Thach Tran, Kylee Trevillion, Katherine S. Turner, Mette Vaever, Thandi M. van Heyningen, Johann Vega-Dienstmaier, Karen A. Wynter, Kimberly Yonkers
Summary: Item 10 of the EPDS assesses self-harm thoughts but may also elicit concerns about accidental self-harm. The EPDS-9, which omits item 10, is sometimes used in research due to concerns about its implications. A meta-analysis of individual participant data showed that EPDS-9 performs similarly to the full EPDS in detecting major depression among pregnant and postpartum women.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Hussein Kadhem Al-Hakeim, Anwar Khairi Abed, Shatha Rouf Moustafa, Abbas F. Almulla, Michael Maes
Summary: In this study, we found that severe Long COVID patients had low serum tryptophan, low oxygen saturation, high insulin resistance, high C-reactive protein, and high ratings on all symptom domains. Inflammatory responses, decreased tryptophan, and increased kynurenine may contribute to the physio-affective phenome of Long COVID.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Ketsupar Jirakran, Asara Vasupanrajit, Chavit Tunvirachaisakul, Michael Maes
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether neuroticism is a feature of the acute state of major depressive disorder (MDD), including suicidal behaviors, and whether adverse childhood experiences are associated with neuroticism in MDD. The results showed that neuroticism was significantly higher in MDD patients compared to healthy controls, and it explained a large portion of the variance in the depression phenome. Neglect and abuse in childhood accounted for a significant portion of the variance in the latent vector representing MDD phenome, with neuroticism partially mediating the effects of neglect and completely mediating the effects of abuse.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rosa Savino, Alessandro Medoro, Sawan Ali, Giovanni Scapagnini, Michael Maes, Sergio Davinelli
Summary: While autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental syndrome, studies have shown that oxidative stress and inflammation are common factors in ASD. Flavonoids, plant-derived compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects, have been investigated for their potential impact on ASD. A review of preclinical and clinical studies found that flavonoids may improve oxidative stress parameters, reduce inflammation, and ameliorate core symptoms of ASD. However, more randomized placebo-controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
George Anderson, Abbas F. Almulla, Russel J. Reiter, Michael Maes
Summary: There is increasing evidence that autoimmune processes play an important role in various medical conditions, including cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and psychiatric disorders. These conditions are associated with alterations in mitochondrial function across cells. The mitochondrial melatonergic pathway is present in all body cells and has important implications for driving autoimmune processes.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Yoshiko Abe, Wandee Sirichokchatchawan, Ussanee Sangkomkamhang, Sirina Satthapisit, Michael Maes
Summary: This study evaluates the association between the severity of depressive premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and antenatal depression (AD) during early and late pregnancy, and finds that the affective symptoms of PMS strongly predict AD symptoms, suggesting an overlap in the pathophysiology of these conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Paulo Levi Bezerra Martins, Ian Araujo Moura, Gabrielle Mendes, Vittoria Cristina Almeida Flexa Ribeiro, Andre Arnaud, Clarissa S. Gama, Michael Maes, Danielle S. Macedo, Joel Porfirio Pinto
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the immune alterations induced by clozapine and its relationship with clinical response. The results showed that clozapine treatment activates the compensatory immune-regulatory system and increases plasma levels of interleukin-6. Clozapine-induced immune alterations may contribute to the drug's mechanism of action and adverse effects.
EUROPEAN NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Hussein Kadhem Al-Hakeim, Haneen Tahseen Al-Rubaye, Abdulsahib S. Jubran, Abbas F. Almulla, Shatha Rouf Moustafa, Michael Maes
Summary: This study examined the association between long COVID and increased insulin resistance, as well as its connection with neuroimmune and oxidative processes. The results showed that long COVID patients had increased insulin resistance, which was associated with depressive symptoms.
BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Michael Maes, Paul Thisayakorn, Yanin Thipakorn, Saran Tantavisut, Sunee Sirivichayakul, Aristo Vojdani
Summary: This study found that elevated IgA levels against neuronal self-antigens, AQP4, and HSP60 are risk factors for delirium. The breakdown of immune tolerance, activation of the immune-inflammatory response system, and injuries in neuronal and glial cells are involved in the pathophysiology of delirium.
EUROPEAN GERIATRIC MEDICINE
(2023)