Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bing Zhang, Sensen Zhang, Maya M. Polovitskaya, Jingbo Yi, Binglu Ye, Ruochong Li, Xueying Huang, Jian Yin, Sebastian Neuens, Tom Balfroid, Julie Soblet, Daphne Vens, Alec Aeby, Xiaoling Li, Jinjin Cai, Yingcai Song, Yuanxi Li, Marco Tartaglia, Yang Li, Thomas J. Jentsch, Maojun Yang, Zhiqiang Liu
Summary: The study reveals that ClC-6 is an ion exchanger protein expressed in the nervous system and associated with severe neurological diseases. The researchers used cryo-EM structures and functional studies to uncover the structure, function, and regulation of ClC-6, as well as identifying hotspots for disease-causing mutations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Artem Stetsenko, Pavlo Stehantsev, Natalia O. Dranenko, Mikhail S. Gelfand, Albert Guskov
Summary: The study reports the functional and structural analysis of a membrane protein CmaX from a pathogenic Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium, which has a signature motif deviating from the canonical one. Despite the difference in composition, CmaX shows no changes in substrate selectivity or transport, suggesting that deviations from the canonical motif can easily alter during evolution.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Mingrui Yuan, Michael K. Rafailov, Rolf Binder
Summary: The photovoltaic signal in photodetectors can undergo a sign change after short-pulse excitation, depending on the physical effects during the recombination of photo-excited charge carriers.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yuuki Y. Watanabe, Nicholas L. Payne
Summary: This study analyzes the biodiversity pattern of teleost fishes and explains the rarity of sharks and rays in polar waters. It shows that the thermal sensitivity of resting metabolic rates is lower among species in teleosts but not in sharks and rays. Environmental temperature impacts physiological functions and can limit the range expansions of ectothermic species. The study explores the link between thermal physiology and biogeography and tests two hypotheses: the Universal Temperature Dependence hypothesis and the Metabolic Cold Adaptation hypothesis. The results suggest that these hypotheses hold true for teleosts but not for elasmobranchs, and that metabolic cold adaptation in teleosts may explain their higher diversity at high latitudes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
L. Vargas-Chacoff, D. Martinez, R. Oyarzun-Salazar, K. Paschke, J. M. Navarro
Summary: The study evaluated the osmoregulatory response of the Antarctic notothenioid fish Harpagifer antarcticus under climate change, demonstrating that the fish cannot survive in the Magellanes region due to its inability to tolerate temperatures over 5°C, with over 8°C being catastrophic.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lingxin Lin, Chang Liu, Pengfei Ma, Zeyuan Zhao, Jianming Chen, Danting Zhao, Shiqi Wei, Jianxiang Zheng, Huifang Miao, Liuxuan Cao
Summary: Graphene oxide (GO) membranes exhibit anomalous temperature dependence of ion transport under osmotic pressure, with the reverse temperature difference promoting ion transport driven by osmotic pressure. This finding has significant implications for developing temperature sensors and applications involving ion transport under thermodynamic and osmotic driven forces.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ioan Baldea
Summary: It is discovered that the conductance of molecular tunnel junctions dominated by a single energy level can be expressed in a closed analytic form that is exact and valid at any temperature and model parameter values. The study also reveals that the single-step tunneling mechanism can undergo a continuous transition from weakly temperature-dependent conductance at low temperatures to exponential dependence on 1/T at high temperatures in real molecular junctions.
ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Hiroyuki Ishii, Naotaka Kasuya, Nobuhiko Kobayashi, Kenji Hirose, Shohei Kumagai, Shun Watanabe, Jun Takeya
Summary: This study investigates the effects of ionic liquids on the electronic states of organic semiconductor monolayers, revealing that hole doping increases photo-absorption energy while an external field decreases it. The calculations provide useful information for understanding the experimentally observed wavelength shift in photo-absorption spectra.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mauricio Ergas, Daniela Figueroa, Kurt Paschke, Mauricio A. Urbina, Jorge M. Navarro, Luis Vargas-Chacoff
Summary: The study found the potential presence of microplastics in the gastrointestinal tract of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic fish. Cellulose fibers were the most common type of microfiber found. The results suggest that laundry greywater discharges from human settlements are the main source of these pollutants in Antarctic fish.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
H. U. Ozdemir, Vivek Mishra, N. R. Lee-Hone, Xiangru Kong, T. Berlijn, D. M. Broun, P. J. Hirschfeld
Summary: Recent experimental papers suggest the breakdown of the quasiparticle-based Landau-BCS paradigm in the superconducting state due to unexpected behavior. However, the authors argue that a phenomenological dirty d-wave theoretical analysis can explain most aspects of the superconducting state by considering the unusual effects of weak, out-of-plane dopant impurities. In this study, ab initio calculations were performed to quantitatively analyze the theory by considering realistic band structures, Fermi liquid renormalizations, and vertex corrections.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
J. Y. Kim, M. Samiepour, E. Jackson, J. Ryu, D. Iizasa, T. Saito, M. Kohda, J. Nitta, H. E. Beere, D. A. Ritchie, A. Hirohata
Summary: In this work, the fabrication of a Fe/n-GaAs spin injection device and the experimental setup for optical gating of the nonlocal spin transport signal were demonstrated. The results showed more uniform current distribution at the Fe/n-GaAs injector interface at bias voltages higher than the Schottky barrier height. Successful spin injection into n-GaAs was confirmed through three- and four-terminal Hanle measurements, with strong interfacial spin dephasing at high magnetic fields. Using a time-resolved pump-probe Kerr rotation setup, a modulation of the nonlocal signal (0.4 +/- 0.3)% depending on the light helicity was observed in Fe/n-GaAs lateral spin injection devices at 30 K.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Michal Pudlak, Richard Pincak, Erik Bartos
Summary: The example of photosynthetic reaction centers demonstrates how electron transfer can be guided by vibrational modes to specific locations. In this case, the low vibrational mode plays a crucial role in producing this effect. The asymmetric reorganization energy of vibrational modes at high temperatures determines the unidirectionality of electron transfer in the photosynthetic reaction center. Numerical solutions of generalized master equations for different vibration relaxation times show that the non-Markovian electron transfer kinetics yield similar results as the Markovian approximation for short relaxation times, but significantly different results for long vibration relaxation times.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Raj Pandya, Antonios M. Alvertis, Qifei Gu, Jooyoung Sung, Laurent Legrand, David Kreher, Thierry Barisien, Alex W. Chin, Christoph Schnedermann, Akshay Rao
Summary: Research findings in conjugated polymers reveal that excitons with a planar backbone and 2(1)A(g)(-) symmetry exhibit a significantly higher diffusion coefficient compared to those with a twisted backbone and 1(1)B(u)(+) symmetry, with no exciton-exciton annihilation. Both types of excitons show subdiffusive behavior in transport. Ab initio GW-BSE calculations indicate that the comparable strengths of exciton-phonon interaction and coupling contribute to this phenomenon.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Nur Athirah Yusof, Noor Haza Fazlin Hashim, Izwan Bharudin
Summary: Psychrophilic organisms have adaptive strategies to live in cold temperatures, with studies on Antarctic psychrophiles providing insights into cold adaptation mechanisms. Research on Glaciozyma antarctica PI12 reveals its cold adaptation strategies at molecular and physiological levels.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Brian M. Habersberger, Peter Hacke
Summary: This study observed that power loss caused by polarization-type potential-induced degradation (PID-p) in high-performance photovoltaic cells can be recovered through subsequent illumination and prevented in some cases through simultaneous illumination. The resistivity of different encapsulant materials affects the extent of power loss, with low resistivity materials being insensitive to high irradiance while high and intermediate resistivity materials provide some level of protection against irradiance. A simple model based on charge accumulation explains the opposing and interdependent phenomena of degradation via voltage stress and recovery via light exposure that describe a module's susceptibility to power loss.
PROGRESS IN PHOTOVOLTAICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Federica De Castro, Erik De Luca, Chiara Roberta Girelli, Amilcare Barca, Alessandro Romano, Danilo Migoni, Tiziano Verri, Michele Benedetti, Francesco Paolo Fanizzi
Summary: This study investigated the uptake of nucleos(t)ide analogues at the plasma membrane level, with findings showing significant cellular uptake of model platinated deoxynucleos(t)ide 1 and 3, while complex 2 was unable to cross the cell plasma membrane. Further experiments supported an uptake mechanism involving Na+-dependent concentrative transporters localized at the plasma membrane level. These findings suggest the potential selective applications of these analogues as antiviral/antitumor drugs.
JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Stefano Sorrentino, Alessandro Polini, Valentina Arima, Alessandro Romano, Angelo Quattrini, Giuseppe Gigli, Pamela Mozetic, Lorenzo Moroni
Summary: The neurovascular system plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases like ALS, but the specific neurovascular signaling pathways in ALS remain largely unknown. This review highlights the importance of endothelial, mural, and fibroblast cells as novel targets for ALS investigation and suggests that studying the interplay between neuronal and vascular systems may unveil new molecular mechanisms behind the pathogenesis of ALS.
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Francesca Vacca, Ana S. Gomes, Koji Murashita, Raffella Cinquetti, Cristina Roseti, Amilcare Barca, Ivar Ronnestad, Tiziano Verri, Elena Bossi
Summary: Two slc15a2-type genes were identified in the Atlantic salmon genome, encoding PepT2-type peptide transporters. While slc15a2a transcripts are widely distributed in fish tissues, abundant in the brain and gills, slc15a2b transcripts are mainly expressed in the kidney and distal gastrointestinal tract. Both PepT2a and PepT2b function as high-affinity transporters.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nadia Calabriso, Marika Massaro, Egeria Scoditti, Tiziano Verri, Amilcare Barca, Carmela Gerardi, Giovanna Giovinazzo, Maria Annunziata Carluccio
Summary: The study shows that polyphenolic extract from grape pomace can effectively alleviate inflammatory response in enterocyte-like cells and improve vascular function by inhibiting NF-kappa B activity and reducing intracellular ROS levels.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stefano Quarta, Annalisa Levante, Maria-Teresa Garcia-Conesa, Flavia Lecciso, Egeria Scoditti, Maria Annunziata Carluccio, Nadia Calabriso, Fabrizio Damiano, Giuseppe Santarpino, Tiziano Verri, Paula Pinto, Luisa Siculella, Marika Massaro
Summary: This study confirms the positive role of outdoor activities and physical exercise in promoting mental health, especially after the COVID-19 lockdowns. The findings show that students experience higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stress, and lower levels of subjective well-being compared to staff members. Additionally, the study demonstrates that time spent outdoors and engagement in physical activity are associated with higher mental health scores, with nature, social relationships, and energy levels mediating the relationship between sports practice and subjective well-being.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariacristina Filice, Rosa Mazza, Sandra Imbrogno, Olga Mileti, Noemi Baldino, Amilcare Barca, Gianmarco Del Vecchio, Tiziano Verri, Alfonsina Gattuso, Maria Carmela Cerra
Summary: This study demonstrates for the first time the presence of an ACE2/Alamandine axis in goldfish and shows that it plays a role in modulating myocardial contractility through the NOS/NO system.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aurora Mazzei, Grazia Serino, Alessandro Romano, Emanuele Piccinno, Viviana Scalavino, Anna Maria Valentini, Raffaele Armentano, Roberta Schiavone, Gianluigi Giannelli, Tiziano Verri, Amilcare Barca
Summary: SLC15A4/PHT1 has been identified as a key path marker of immune/autoimmune/inflammatory pathways in immune cells, and this study found its overexpression in the colonic epithelium of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. In vitro experiments successfully mirrored the inflammatory onset in spontaneously differentiated enterocyte-like monolayers of Caco-2 cells specifically exposed to DSS.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Federica Cerri, Francesco Gentile, Ferdinando Clarelli, Silvia Santoro, Yuri Matteo Falzone, Giorgia Dina, Alessandro Romano, Teuta Domi, Laura Pozzi, Raffaella Fazio, Paola Podini, Melissa Sorosina, Paola Carrera, Federica Esposito, Nilo Riva, Chiara Briani, Tiziana Cavallaro, Massimo Filippi, Angelo Quattrini
Summary: This study investigates the molecular pathways underlying neurolymphomatosis (NL) by combining clinical and neuropathological investigation with gene expression studies. The results reveal the diverse neuropathic manifestations in NL patients and identify genes associated with ribosomal proteins and olfactory receptors signaling pathways. The findings provide insights into the pathogenesis and potential clinical biomarkers of NL.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Aurora Mazzei, Patrizia Pagliara, Gianmarco Del Vecchio, Lucia Giampetruzzi, Francesca Croce, Roberta Schiavone, Tiziano Verri, Amilcare Barca
Summary: The functionality of the enterocyte monolayer is directly impaired by inflammatory insults targeting the major cellular processes, including the cytoskeletal dynamics involving actin elements. Understanding the behavior of the actin cytoskeleton in enterocytes forming the epithelial monolayer is crucial for clarifying fundamental aspects of inflammatory mechanisms in the gastrointestinal tract.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Elisa Sciurti, Laura Blasi, Carmela Tania Prontera, Amilcare Barca, Lucia Giampetruzzi, Tiziano Verri, Pietro Aleardo Siciliano, Luca Francioso
Summary: Real-time monitoring of ions in cell culture systems and organ-on-a-chip platforms is a valuable investigation tool to understand ion regulation and distribution, as well as their involvement in biological mechanisms and specific pathologies. In this study, flexible sensors with ion selective membranes were developed and integrated into Transwell cell culture systems to investigate the transport of zinc and copper ions across intestinal cell monolayers. These sensors showed good sensitivity and low detection limits, making them suitable for pathophysiological studies. Additionally, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and equivalent circuit fitting were used to monitor cellular barrier integrity. The proposed devices hold great potential for studying gut metabolism and permeability.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vincenzo Nassisi, Aurora Mazzei, Gianmarco Del Vecchio, Antonio Calisi, Luciano Velardi, Pietro Alifano, Tiziano Verri
Summary: In this experiment, groups of zebrafish embryos were exposed to radiations of different frequencies and intensities using new prototype devices. The radiations included static, extremely low-frequency, low-frequency, very-high-frequency, and ultra-high-frequency fields. The exposure led to alterations in body pigmentation of the zebrafish embryos and larvae. These findings contribute to understanding the effects of magnetic radiation on living organisms.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Amilcare Barca, Francesca Abramo, Sareh Nazerian, Francesca Coppola, Chiara Sangiacomo, Carlo Bibbiani, Rosario Licitra, Francesca Susini, Tiziano Verri, Baldassare Fronte
Summary: Insect meal is considered a promising alternative to fishmeal for improving aquafeed sustainability. This study investigated the effects of increasing the inclusion of Hermetia illucens meal on fish mortality, growth performance, intestine morphology, and gene expression of intestinal carriers. The results showed no adverse effects on fish mortality and body weight, with a positive effect on feed conversion ratio. The use of Hermetia illucens larvae meal as a replacement for fishmeal in aquafeeds can enhance sustainability and promote favorable fish growth performance and gut health.
Meeting Abstract
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Antonella Stanzione, Alessandro Polini, Alessandro Romano, Velia La Pesa, Pamela Mozetic, Lorenzo Moroni, Giuseppe Gigli, Francesca Gervaso
TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Eleonora De Vitis, Velia La Pesa, Francesca Gervaso, Alessandro Romano, Angelo Quattrini, Giuseppe Gigli, Lorenzo Moroni, Alessandro Polini
TISSUE ENGINEERING PART A
(2022)