Review
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Luiz Gonzaga de Franca Lopes, Florencio S. Gouveia Junior, Alda Karine Medeiros Holanda, Idalina Maria Moreira de Carvalho, Elisane Longhinotti, Tercio F. Paulo, Dieric S. Abreu, Paul Bernhardt, Marie-Alda Gilles-Gonzalez, Izaura Cirino Nogueira Diogenes, Eduardo Henrique Silva Sousa
Summary: This article discusses the roles of diatomic molecules O-2, NO, and CO in biology, as well as the sensing proteins developed by nature to perceive and respond to changes in their levels. It focuses on heme-based proteins and their advanced structural and electronic adjustments for sensing, along with their possible role in redox sensing. Finally, the potential therapeutic interventions on these gas sensors and the design of small diatomic molecules for medical treatments are highlighted.
COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael J. Rust
Summary: The study on circadian clock suggests that it can function even in non-growing cells using minimal components from cyanobacteria. The findings indicate the potential evolution of the circadian clock to adapt to different cellular conditions.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Savino, Claudio Carmine Guida, Maria Nardella, Emanuele Murgo, Bartolomeo Augello, Giuseppe Merla, Salvatore De Cosmo, Antonio Fernando Savino, Roberto Tarquini, Francesco Cei, Filippo Aucella, Gianluigi Mazzoccoli
Summary: This article investigates the relationship between heme biosynthesis disorders and altered expression of circadian genes, finding that changes in circadian gene expression may be associated with the symptoms and signs of porphyria patients.
Review
Cell Biology
Zainab Taleb, Phillip Karpowicz
Summary: The circadian clock is a molecular timekeeper that regulates 24-hour rhythms in animals, impacting behavior and physiology, including metabolic and digestive systems. Animal models targeting circadian clock genes have shown their role in regulating liver diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, and obesity. Thus, the circadian clock plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic and digestive health.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Zhang, Shiyu Zhang, Yilin Yuan, Yong Li, Run Zhu, Yiwen Yang, Sicheng Xing, Yan Wang, Yinbao Wu, Xindi Liao, Jiandui Mi
Summary: In this study, circadian oscillations of bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) were characterized in laying hens' feces. The study found that certain bacterial taxonomic units, ARGs, and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) exhibited rhythmic patterns. The most abundant ARGs, lnuC and ANT(6)H-lb, showed an increase during the day and a decrease at night. Additionally, short-chain fatty acid metabolism pathways, such as acetate, butyrate, and propionate, also displayed circadian oscillations. The connections between ARGs, MGEs, and bacterial species in feces were identified, providing valuable insights for the control and management of ARGs.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Biology
Priya Rathor, Ratnasekhar Ch
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, and circadian dysfunction plays an important role in its pathogenesis. Understanding the metabolic basis of circadian dysfunction in PD may provide new therapeutic approaches to restore circadian rhythm, preserve dopaminergic function, and ameliorate disease progression.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angela S. Fleischhacker, Anindita Sarkar, Liu Liu, Stephen W. Ragsdale
Summary: This review explores the essential roles of heme in biological processes, focusing on how it binds to HRMs and regulates protein structure, function, and degradation through changes in redox state. Two HRM-containing proteins, human heme oxygenase-2 and the transcriptional regulator Rev-erb beta, are discussed in relation to cellular heme composition and CO sensing. The importance of understanding heme distribution, CO, and heme binding affinities in various biological processes is emphasized.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Junchul Shin, Svyatoslav Tkachenko, Malay Chaklader, Connor Pletz, Kanwardeep Singh, Gamze B. Bulut, Young-min Han, Kelly Mitchell, Richard A. Baylis, Andrey A. Kuzmin, Bo Hu, Justin D. Lathia, Olga Stenina-Adognravi, Eugene Podrez, Tatiana Byzova, Gary K. Owens, Olga A. Cherepanova
Summary: Recent studies have shown that OCT4 plays a critical atheroprotective role in smooth muscle cells, and also regulates plaque characteristics in endothelial cells, making it a potential target for novel therapeutics.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Harry A. Smith, James A. Betts
Summary: Daily rhythms and the timing of meals play a crucial role in coordinating metabolism and health. Experimental manipulation of feeding-fasting cycles can provide insights into the effects of meal timing on metabolism and health.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angela Montaruli, Lucia Castelli, Antonino Mule, Raffaele Scurati, Fabio Esposito, Letizia Galasso, Eliana Roveda
Summary: Circadian rhythm is crucial in regulating key biological functions, with individual chronotypes influencing preferred times for activity and sleep, impacting health differently. Understanding and addressing these differences helps reduce risks of diseases and sleep disorders.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Young Jin Ko, Minhye Kim, Seung Kyou You, Sang Kyu Shin, Joonhee Chang, Hae Jin Choi, Wu-Young Jeong, Myeong-Eun Lee, Dong-Hyeok Hwang, Sung Ok Han
Summary: The study demonstrated the development of engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum capable of high-yield production of heme, with a maximum titer of 309.18 mg/L, including secreted heme of 242.95 mg/L, which are the highest values reported to date. Various strategies including system metabolic engineering and modification of membrane surface were utilized to enhance heme production, making C. glutamicum a potential cell factory for animal-free heme production.
METABOLIC ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jing Xiang, Yi Pan, Lu-Lu Liu, Li-Xin Wang, Huan Yang, Shun-Cheung Cheng, Shek-Man Yiu, Chi-Fai Leung, Chi-Chiu Ko, Kai-Chung Lau, Tai-Chu Lau
Summary: Although the oxidation of alcohols by metal nitrido complexes has not been studied extensively, this report demonstrates the visible-light-induced oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to carbonyl compounds using a strongly luminescent osmium(VI) nitrido complex (OsN). The proposed mechanism involves the rate-limiting hydrogen-atom transfer from the alpha-carbon of the alcohol to OsN*. Attempts to catalytically oxidize alcohols by OsN* using PhIO as the terminal oxidant resulted in the formation of novel osmium(IV) iminato complexes where the nitrido ligand is bonded to a 6-carbon of the alcohol. Experimental and theoretical studies suggest that OsN* is reductively quenched by PhIO to generate highly active PhIO+ oxidant, which readily undergoes alpha- and 6- C-H activation of alcohols.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shani Tsameret, Daniela Jakubowicz, Zohar Landau, Julio Wainstein, Tali Ganz, Itamar Raz, Nava Chapnik, Oren Froy
Summary: The study found that soluble factors present in the serum of type 2 diabetes patients consuming a three-meal diet can reset circadian rhythms in the liver, leading to a gene expression pattern similar to that of healthy individuals, which contributes to improved glucose metabolism.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Douglas E. Biancur, Kevin S. Kapner, Keisuke Yamamoto, Robert S. Banh, Jasper E. Neggers, Albert S. W. Sohn, Warren Wu, Robert T. Manguso, Adam Brown, David E. Root, Andrew J. Aguirre, Alec C. Kimmelman
Summary: This study systematically examined metabolic vulnerabilities in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) using parallel CRISPR-Cas9 screens in in vivo and in vitro systems, revealing significant overlap of in vivo metabolic dependencies with those in vitro. It also highlighted the limitation of intercellular nutrient sharing masking dependencies in pooled screens, and showed that metabolic dependencies were similar between 2D and 3D culture. Additionally, the study demonstrated the power of genetic screening approaches in defining in vivo metabolic dependencies and potentially therapeutic pathways.
Review
Ecology
Joseph Robert Burger, Chen Hou, Charles A. S. Hall, James H. Brown
Summary: The equal fitness paradigm (EFP) suggests that all organisms are equally fit at steady state, allocating the same quantity of energy to reproduction. This theory highlights the importance of equal fitness for biodiversity and demonstrates how biological metabolism links ecological and evolutionary patterns across different levels of organization.